Students- think about the changes that have been made over the years. Some of you won’t have that experience, but some of you may have been nurses for many years. Before the concept of evidence-based practice, we did things because “that’s how we have always done it”. We irrigated catheters routinely. We were also taught […]

A patient with a 2-year history of asthma, previously well controlled, presents for progressive worsening of symptoms in spite of good adherence to treatment with scheduled steroid inhalers. The patient has no exposure to pets and is not a smoker. Chest X-ray is unremarkable. What pathology should this patient be worked up for? Allergic bronchopulmonary […]

Using The PICO question “In Pregnancy women diagnosed with gestational diabetes, how does dietary interventions compare to standard care affect blood glucose level?” relate to the two articles American Diabetes Association. (2020). Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. And Durnwald, C (2023). Gestational diabetes mellitus: Glucose management and maternal prognosis […]

Nadine is a 22-year-old female G0 who presents for a well woman exam. She is interested in starting birth control. She is sexually active with her boyfriend; they do not use condoms.

What is the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction? Select the BEST answer. Blockage of flow in a coronary artery that leads to reversible myocardial cell death. Genetic risk which increases risk of myocardial infarction due to narrowing of coronary arteries. Cigarette smoking constricts blood vessels and limits oxygen delivery to myocardial tissue. Plaque buildup and rupture […]

Susie is a 28-year-old patient who presents to your clinic with difficulties with her menstrual cycle. She has never had regular cycles and she and her husband, despite their attempts at “trying to conceive” have been unsuccessful and are interested in having children. Upon physical examination, you note that Susie is obese, and has oily […]

You have a client from a vulnerable population (e.g., an economically disadvantaged older adult) who needs to begin lifestyle changes with nutrition, exercise, and stress management modifications. Discuss how you would approach nutrition, exercise and/or stress management counseling. Address food aid programs that would be appropriate for referral. What exercise recommendations would be appropriate for […]

Two-year-old Samuel has started to display anger when things don’t go his way. His parents wonder if this is normal. Which would be an accurate statement to share with Samuel’s parents? Anger typically decreases in the toddler years, so be patient. This is normal as the expression of emotions like anger typically increases in the […]

John is 43, very fit with a BMI of 19. He presents to your clinic with polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. You obtain some general lab and find that his glucose, non-fasting, is 473 and an a1c returns at 9.7%. a. What is his most likely diagnosis? Provide your rationale. Remember that he has a normal […]

Georgia has been diagnosed with essential hypertension. As her health care provider, you understand that although the cause of essential hypertension is not well understood, possible risk factors include: • A. increased blood volume • B. atherosclerosis and subsequent narrowing of blood vessels O C. increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (e.., chronic stress) […]