Lois, age 54, is taking warfarin (Vitamin K antagonist, an anticoagulant) 4 mg p.o. each day following a deep vein thrombosis. Her INs have been well-maintained at 2.0 – 2.3. Today, however her IN is 4.8. On review of her history, you note that she has been taking Advil Cold (Ibuprofen, an NSAID + phenylephrine, […]

A 24year old patient with no significant past medical history who took one dose of ibuprofen today for menstrual cramps. Ibuprofen’s half life is approximately 2 hours. She is not on any daily medications. When can the drug be expected to reach steady state? A. 8-10 hours B. 2 hours C. The drug will not […]

Jean B. is a 60 year-old female newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (A1c 8.6%) . Her BMI is 28 (overweight, not obese). Her past medical history includes an myocardial infarction (MI) 2 years ago and mild chronic kidney disease. You plan to start her on medication. The best option for her, given her history, […]

Jackie O. comes to the clinic today concerned of fatigue, weight gain and abnormal periods. She has no previous past medical history of any chronic illnesses. She does have family history of hypothyroidism in her mother. You perform a physical exam which is normal. You then order laboratory tests with results as follow. CBC – […]

A 72-year-old male presents with a 5-day history of dyspnea which worsens with exertion, productive cough of white sputum which has increased, wheezing, decreased appetite, and fatigue. He denies fever or other URI symptoms. He smokes 0.5 ppd but hasn’t smoked much in the last few days. He has slept in the recliner for the […]

Jane., age 78 years is accompanied to the clinic by her daughter who indicates her mother has fallen twice in the past week and fainted while getting her hair done. Current medications include lisinopril 20mg daily (ACE-I) for many years, rosuvastatin 20mg daily (statin) and a daily multiple vitamin (supplement) for older adults. Her BP […]

A 37-year-old mother of three has just been diagnosed with a grade I meningioma. As part of patient education, the nurse tells the patient that: Growth is slow and symptoms are caused by compression rather than tissue invasion. Surgery, which can result in complete removal of the possible tumor, should be done as soon as […]

A 75-year-old female patient with dementia is admitted from the OR to the med-surg floor status post hip replacement from a fall. The med-surg nurse is assessing the patient and notices an indwelling urinary catheter is placed due to a non-healing stage II pressure ulcer over her coccyx. What does the med-surg nurse understand about […]

A 68-year-old male client is recovering from a cerebrovascular accident. The unlicensed assistive personnel reports that, upon feeding the client, the client gags and chokes. The nurse assesses the client, who states that he is having problems swallowing. The nurse observes the client coughing when trying to drink water. Client does have food on the […]

An 88-year-old male patient received an alpha blocker medication, to manage his hypertension, 30 minutes ago. He complains of feeling lightheaded after changing positions from laying to sitting. The nurse finds a significant drop in his blood pressure during the position changes. This is an example of which adverse drug reaction? Select the correct answer […]