Primary care physicians have indicated they prescribe exercise for treating a number of different medical conditions.
Primary care physicians have indicated they prescribe exercise for treating a number of different medical conditions. What psychological conditions did primary care physicians prescribe exercise? Which of these conditions did more primary care physicians prescribe exercise (85% vs 60%)?
What is the relationship between physical fitness and psychopathology?
What did research indicate regarding the fitness levels of psychiatric patients? What about the relationship between fitness levels and length of hospitalization?
Athletes have been found to have an iceberg profile. What is the iceberg profile?
In the follow-up study examining athletes and non-athletes later in life, which group had positive mental health 20 years after graduating from college?
What is the difference between acute and chronic exercise. Give some examples of each.
What mood changes occurred following an exercise session in pregnant women, as well as in women who had recently given birth to a baby?
For individuals with mild to moderate levels of depression, how does exercise training compare to other known treatments for reducing depression? What about severe depression?
Is one exercise session effective in reducing anxiety? What about exercise training programs – how many weeks of exercise training result in the greatest reduction in anxiety symptoms?
Exercise-induced analgesia has been found to occur following what modes of exercise?
Older adults often report pain on a regular basis. Can exercise be used to help older adults manage pain? What changes occurred following an 8 week progressive strength training program?
Part 2 Review Questions:
What five mechanisms discussed in lecture are hypothesized to be responsible for the psychological changes that occur following exercise? Briefly explain each one.
What happened to anxiety following exercise, meditation, and quiet rest (Bahrke & Morgan study)? Describe the time course of anxiety reduction following exercise and quiet rest (Raglin & Morgan study).
What does exercise have in common with sauna’s and whirlpools?
Were there reductions in anxiety following underwater exercise (Koltyn study with scuba divers)?
What monoamines/neurotransmitters have been studied in the exercise psychology research? What do the results indicate? Which monoamines/neurotransmitters have been studied the most?
When was the endogenous opioid system discovered? Are the research findings regarding the opioid/endorphin hypothesis supportive and consistent?
When was the endocannabinoid system discovered? Can it be activated by exercise?
Which hypothesized mechanism has been linked to exercise addiction?
There are published criteria for substance abuse (e.g., DSM_IV). Does exercise addiction fit these criteria?
What percentage of the general population meets criteria for exercise addiction?
What were the results from the animal study that examined exercise addiction in mice?
What percentage of elite male and female distance runners reported experiencing staleness during their career?
What is the common treatment for staleness? Why is this not optimal?
What markers can be used to monitor athletes to try to prevent staleness from occurring?
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