TOPIC: Prior to the late twentieth century, neuropsychologic
TOPIC: Prior to the late twentieth century, neuropsychological assessment was the main tool available to identify the location of brain damage (localization). Today, since imaging techniques are available to provide localization, what role do neuropsychologists play in the research, assessment, and treatment of children and adolescents? Additionally, discuss how the various neuroimaging techniques are important for children with mental disorders and how imaging is used in conjunction with neuropsychological assessment. Provide examples to support your thinking. When responding to your peers, consider how your career choice relates to examples posted by your peers.To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric document.I’VE ALREADY COMPLETED MY DISCUSSION POST. PLEASE ONLY DO THE TWO STUDENT RESPONSES (100 word minimum EACH) TO THE FOLLOWING STUDENTS REGARDING THE SAME TOPIC!STUDENT ONE:Neuropsychological assessments are still used greatly even though image techniques are available to provide location. The neuropsychologist can differentiate functional versus organic disorders, diagnosis subtypes of neurodevelopmental disorders, estimate pre-morbid level of cognitive development in patients with trauma, assist in the development of rehab, and much more (Cody & Hynd, 1999, p. 104). The various neuroimaging techniques are important for children with mental disorders because it can help a doctor or psychologist determine the best treatment for the child. If a child is nonverbal it can be extremely difficult to help a child when just meeting them and not knowing their thought process or their type of growth in development. Brain scans can help with these types of diagnosis, to show the level of maturity and development compared to another child of the same age. Cody, H., & Hynd, G. W. (1999). Neuropsychological Advances in Child and Adolescent Mental Health: The Decade of the Brain. Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 4(3), 103–108. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1017/S13606417…STUDENT TWO:The neuropsychology field has made many valuable contributions to children’s and adolescent health care problems through diagnosis, treatment, and analysis. Neuropsychologists play a special role in the study of brain-behavior relationships. Child neuropsychology research is different from the adult study, as the effects of developmental and environmental factors on research are significant. The child neuropsychologist’s varied goals which may include psychoeducational and neuropsychological evaluation, brain-behavior relationship research, consultation with a range of practitioners from teachers to neurologists, and recovery training. New research in this field has also provided evidence of disordered or dysfunctional neurological systems in a number of childhood disorders and psychiatric conditions (Cody & Hynd, 1999).Neuroimaging helps diagnose psychological, vascular, inflammatory, and physiological factors of mental health conditions in adolescents and children. Imaging methods keep growing, becoming ever more open and insightful. Evidence of neurostructural variations among patients and healthy subjects in a number of specific childhood medical conditions are now laden with the literature, such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (O’Malley, Richer, & Strawn, 2016).Previously, neuroimaging’s clinical usefulness has been limited to defining structural pathology. Accruing evidence today demonstrates new functions for neuroimaging; such findings are reinforced by studies showing that neurochemical and neurofunctional characteristics tested through advanced imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and functional MRI, can predict patient response for psychotherapeutic and psych pharmacotherapeutic interventions (O’Malley, Richer, & Strawn, 2016).While usually a CT scan is fast and has exceptional responsiveness for acute bleeding and osteoarthritis, it subjects the patient to radiation and offers low resolution compared to MRI. Within pediatrics, the importance of reducing lifelong radiation exposure resulting from medical procedures and imaging has been recognized in practice-changing ways. As a response, many providers now accept that in these, if not most, non-emerging circumstances the use of MRI instead of CT is acceptable. However, CT imaging is sufficient in a developing situation, and should not be delayed (O’Malley, Richer, & Strawn, 2016).ReferencesCody, H., & Hynd, G. W. (1999). Neuropsychological advances in child and adolescent mental health: The decade of the brain. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 4(3), 103-108. doi:10.1111/1475-3588.00260O’Malley, J., Richer, E. J., & Strawn, J. R. (2016). Neuroimaging in children and adolescents: When do you scan? With which modalities? Current Psychiatry, 15(9), 32-54. doi:https://www.mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/111279/p…
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