Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (COS) are rare, severe psychiatric conditions diagnosed before age 13, characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and impaired functioning. They mirror adult schizophrenia but present earlier, complicating development, education, and socialization. 🌟 Key Points 1. Definition and Rarity Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia (COS): Schizophrenia diagnosed before age 13. Prevalence: Extremely rare, affecting less […]

S – Subjective Chief Complaint (CC): “I feel sad all the time and have no energy to do anything.” History of Present Illness (HPI): Patient reports persistent low mood, loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating for the past 6 weeks. Symptoms are present nearly every day, lasting most of the […]

S – Subjective Chief Complaint (CC): “I feel like I’m either on top of the world or completely unable to get out of bed.” History of Present Illness (HPI): Patient reports alternating episodes of elevated mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, and impulsive spending lasting about 1–2 weeks, followed by periods of profound sadness, […]

1. Introduction Social media has become an integral part of daily life for young adults, offering platforms for communication, entertainment, self-expression, and information sharing. While these platforms provide opportunities for connection and identity exploration, research increasingly highlights their association with mental health challenges, particularly anxiety. Understanding this relationship is crucial for healthcare providers, educators, policymakers, […]