leonardo di vinci-anatomy drawings

37381hello there! great job on my last several assignments, regarding leonardo da vinci- anatomy drawings. You wrote the intro, thesis, and annotated bibliography. Each one of these assignments has been leading up to the next and nd now the FINAL PAPER.

Order numbers:
#36885- Proposal paper (intro and thesis)
#37021-Annotated Bibliography for 5 academic scholarly sources,
*Ive copied and pasted the proposal assignment (order number 36885) for you at the end of these instructions as well as the annotated bibliography!

Final paper instrucitons:

Your course project will culminate in an eight page paper, have atleast two pages in the intro and thesis. So therefore need 6 more pages.
Your research paper will require 5 academic-scholarly sources (already completed in order number 37021).
Both in-text citation and an end reference page as specified by the APA style sheet are required.
Scrupulous documentation plus high originality, analysis, insight, and fresh applications of ideas are highly prized
It must be impeccably cited and formatted.
End references are required, and APA (except for the cover page–not required) should be followed.

The essay must be eight double-spaced pages in length (not including the title or reference pages). The margins should be no more than one inch (right and left). The essay should be composed in 12-point Times New Roman font. Include a minimum of five scholarly sources. Other sources may also be used, but at least five sources must be academic and scholarly. Dictionaries, encyclopedias, websites ending with the .gov, .org, or .edu, newspapers or other media sources do not constitute scholarship. All of the sources must be documented and cited using APA format.

This is what you have done so far!

Introduction and thesis:

Background
While Leonardo da Vinci was renowned for his inventions and unique painting skills, many of his anatomical works and drawings were widely unknown. It is without a doubt that Leonardo da Vinci was a sensational figure who only merits to be called a genius. Many of his anatomical articles went unpublished during his lifetime which make many of his anatomical accomplishment to be given less credit than they deserve. But today, it is a known fact that Leonardo Da Vinci was indeed a pioneer in the study of human body. His desire to explain human physiology and many aspect if anatomy, led him to perform over 30 dissections on animals and human bodies alike (Jones, 2012). As a matter of fact, many of his studies on musculature and skeletons that he did over 7 century ago are so contemporary that they are unsurpassed up to date. As such and contrary to what many people know, Leonardo da Vinci was as gifted an anatomist as he was an inventor and a painter which can be seen through his anatomical drawings.
One of his greatest journey in anatomical studies started in the year 1506 where he performed an operation on a 100 years old man whose death he had just witnessed. Up to this time, Leonardo had only performed a number of dissection on animals and never before on a human being. As a matter of fact, his earlier interaction with human structures was back in 1489 where he dealt with a human skull. During the last decade of his life, his anatomical work took the better of him to a point that he did not work on any new painting choosing only to concentrate on his anatomical studies working with his friend Marcantonio Della Torre (Jones, 2012). But while Marcantonio Della Torre dies in 1511 due to a plague, Leonardo continued with their work for the next two years. He later dropped his anatomical project where many of them ended up being unpublished. While many of his anatomical work got lost, the few that remains up to date testified to how great an anatomist Leonardo was.
Leonardo was equally unique then as his is today as he was a strong believer that pictorial representation of information was more powerful than using words. It is for this reasons that many of his anatomical studies are found in anatomy drawings. But what is even more saddening is the fact that Leonardo kept a notebook that contained notes on his drawings where there were a number of discoveries if could have been published would have transformed human understating of biology (, Clayton, & Philo, 2014). Leonardo was very keen on not only understanding how the human body works but also where human emotions do come from. He used his engineering skills to dissect and come up with unique drawings to capture his findings. But while Leonardo struggled to move past the by then known understanding of bodily functions, he undertook empirical studies that final made him to get a break through. Through his anatomical drawing, it became clear that he was the first man to study and describe coronary sinuses which was like two centuries before Valsalva came to allocate this name.
Leonardo, being left handed, produced his drawing through the format of mirror writing where many of his drawings were literally inverted. It is this way that he came to produce the great picture chart of human body that he had come along as a result of his anatomical drawings. He was so talented that he was perfectly able to record his observations of the human organs after performing a dissection in drawings of such lucidity (, Clayton, & Philo, 2014). Additionally, he was not only able to get across the form but to also draw the figures in a way that it had never be done before; some of which are unsurpassed up to date.
Statement of the problem
While many people are aware of how talented a painter and an inventor Leonardo da Vinci was, many people are not aware of his anatomical works which also took a huge portion of his life. While da Vinci did indeed produce great paintings, he pursued anatomy as a part-time curiosity adventure where he produced a number of great drawings. But for one reason or another, he ended up not publishing them which led to most of his original work getting lost in the process. But the existing anatomy works that have survives provide a great insight of how a genius da Vici was in the field of anatomy.
Purpose of the Study
This study set forth to investigate demonstrate how great an anatomy Leonardo da Vinci was by analyzing his existing anatomical drawings. This means that the study will dwell on his work on the field of anatomy from the time he started his anatomical work up to the time he died. While the study understands that many of his anatomical work got lost as they were not published, the study will dwell on the remaining drawings providing an insight at what da Vinci investigated and what were his discoveries.
Objectives:
• To identify how great an anatomy Leonardo da Vinci was
• To analyze existing Leonardo da Vinci anatomy drawings

References
Jones, R. (2012). Leonardo da Vinci: Anatomist. British Journal of General Practice, 62(599), 319-319. doi:10.3399/bjgp12x649241
L., Clayton, M., & Philo, R. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci, anatomist. London: Royal Collection Publications.

2nd assignment was the annotated bibliography

It is without a doubt that Leonardo da Vinci was a sensational figure who only merits to be called a genius. While Leonardo da Vinci was renowned for his inventions and unique painting skills, many of his anatomical works and drawings were widely unknown. Many of his anatomical articles went unpublished during his lifetime which make many of his anatomical accomplishment to be given less credit than they deserve. But today, it is a known fact that Leonardo Da Vinci was indeed a pioneer in the study of human body. His desire to explain human physiology and many aspect if anatomy, led him to perform over 30 dissections on animals and human bodies alike (Jones, 2012). As a matter of fact, many of his studies on musculature and skeletons that he did over 7 century ago are so contemporary that they are unsurpassed up to date. As such and contrary to what many people know, Leonardo da Vinci was as gifted an anatomist as he was an inventor and a painter which can be seen through his anatomical drawings.
Del Maestro, R. (1998). Leonardo da Vinci: the search for the soul. Journal Of Neurosurgery, 89(5), 874-887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.5.0874
In this article, Del Maestro (1998) establishes the fact that human beings have always attempted to explain the mystery of the soul. Initially, scholars were taken by the quest of studying the human heart also known as the “cardiocentric soul” and the brain referred to as the “cephalocentric soul” (p. 874). Leonardo da Vinci joined the long list of scholars who wanted to discover the “human soul.” The author establishes that Leonardo da Vinci incredible work in anatomy came due to the many years of accumulating ancient information as well as his personal search for the truth to support or discredit what the experts of his time were saying. I agreed with the author that is Leonardo search for the truth in how the human body and the soul works that provided him with the avenue to discover new things that many peole of his time were not aware of. I will use the information that the authors came upon while searching for the sources of the ancient question on the human soul and the knowledge obtained from Leonardo to make the case of da Vinci anatomical drawings in my final paper.
Jones, R. (2012). Leonardo da Vinci: Anatomist. British Journal of General Practice, 62(599), 319-319. Doi: 10.3399/bjgp12x649241
In this article (Jones, 2003) makes it very clear that while Leonardo was a skilled painter and inventor he was equally talented as an anatomist. Jones elaborates that Leonardo, in his quest to know how the human body works, went ahead to dissect approximately “30 corpses.” Additionally, Leonardo proceeded to draw his findings, where together with corresponding notes, went unpublished for many centuries. However, the few drawings that managed to survived attest to his ingenuity where he was the first to discover “atherosclerosis and hepatic cirrhosis” (p. 319). Looking at the various anatomical drawings and discoveries that Leonardo made, I completely agree with the author that Leonardo was as talented an anatomist as he was a painter. Additionally, I conquer with the author that Leonardo must have “been an extremely skilled dissector,” as he went ahead to provide fine dissections of the brain as well as other soft tissues which are a challenge to dissect even today. The information provided by Jones in this article will go a long way in making the argument of how skilled an anatomist Leonardo da Vinci was in my final research study.
L., Clayton, M., & Philo, R. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci, anatomist. London: Royal Collection Publications.
In this publication, Clayton and Philo attest to how great da Vinci was especially in his study of anatomy where he was, in fact, a “pioneer” in the study of the human body. The authors went ahead to give convincing evidence of his drawings and studies of human structures which up to date still remain “unsurpassed in their lucidly.” This is to say, that while da Vinci lived in an era where there were no advance tools, he was still able to use the tools available to him to dissect human bodies with an overwhelming precision that can only be termed as being ingenious. Indeed, I do agree with the authors on that point as just like his paintings, his drawing prove far more knowledge that a man of his era should not possess. Many of the discoveries that Leonardo made were they published, would have gone a long way in changing the future of biological science. The works of Leonardo da Vinci in any field should at no point be underestimated. It is for this reason that I will use the information and arguments provided by the authors to make a case for how ingenious Leonardo was when it comes to studying human bodies.
Noble, D., DiFrancesco, D., & Zancani, D. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci and the origin of semen. Notes And Records: The Royal Society Journal Of The History Of Science, 68(4), 391-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2014.0021
In this article, the authors pick on one work of Leonardo da Vince in as far as his anatomical works are concerned. The authors make the point that his earlier before 1500 were typically “incorrect in identifying the origin of semen” (p. 391). This is the case as during this time, he still followed the same acceptable teaching of his time. While many people thought that he did not correct his mistake, he did correct them going ahead where he went ahead to make incredible drawings due to “accurate dissections” of the human body. Leonardo did went ahead to accurately depict the path of the vas deferens from the testicles proceeding to the bladder entering the “seminal vesicles” toward the back. What is even more incredible is how detailed his drawing was on showing the ejaculatory duct as it was passing through the perineal region and entering the “urethra” (p394). Up to date, nothing has changed in depicting the same something that attests to Da Vinci ingenuity.
Schultheiss, D., Grünewald, V., & Jonas, U. (1999). Urodynamics in the anatomical work of Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). World Journal Of Urology, 17(3), 137-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003450050121
In this article, the authors analyses how Leonardo da Vinci featured the unique symbiosis of art into his anatomical work which earns him the right to be termed as the founder of medical biology at the time of Renaissance (p. 137). The authors did an incredible job in making his anatomical work to be of retrospective importance in the history of anatomy and biological medicine keeping in mind that his unsurpassed knowledge of anatomy during his time did not play any role in his scientific contemporaries. The authors choose to concentrate on one of his great work in as far as anatomy is concerned which is was the “urodynamic connotation of the lower and upper urinary tract” showing more complex details that da Vinci made in regards to the “Urinary sphincter mechanism as well as the vesicoureteral reflux. As such, I will be using the information provided by the authors to showcase one of his ingenious discoveries and drawings in anatomy in my final study.

References
Del Maestro, R. (1998). Leonardo da Vinci: the search for the soul. Journal Of Neurosurgery, 89(5), 874-887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.5.0874
Jones, R. (2012). Leonardo da Vinci: Anatomist. British Journal of General Practice, 62(599), 319-319. Doi: 10.3399/bjgp12x649241
L., Clayton, M., & Philo, R. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci, anatomist. London: Royal Collection Publications.
Noble, D., DiFrancesco, D., & Zancani, D. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci and the origin of semen. Notes And Records: The Royal Society Journal Of The History Of Science, 68(4), 391- 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2014.0021
Schultheiss, D., Grünewald, V., & Jonas, U. (1999). Urodynamics in the anatomical work of Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). World Journal Of Urology, 17(3), 137-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003450050121

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