Acid-Base Balance and Regulation
HW 10: Acid-Base Balance and Regulation
During acute alveolar hypoventilation, the blood
The H2CO3 increases
pH increases
HCO3 increases
PCO2 increases
B only
D only
B and C only
A, C, and D only
The Bulk of CO2 produced in the cells is transported to the lungs as
H2CO3
HCO3
CO2 and H2O
Carbonic anhydrase
During acute alveolar hyperventilation, the blood
The PCO2 increases
H2CO3 decreases
HCO3 increases
pH decreases
B only
D only
A and C only
B and D only
Metabolic alkalosis can develop from
Hyperchloremia
Hypokalemia
Hypochloremia
Hyperkalemia
A only
D only
A and C only
B and C only
Metabolic acidosis caused by a decreased HCO3 is often called
Hyperchoremia metabolic acidosis
Ketoacidosis
Hypokalemia
Lactic acidosis
What is the anion gap in the patient with the following clinical data?
Na 128 mEq/L
Cl- 97 mEq/L
HCO3 22 mEq/L _________________________________________________________
In response to a metabolic acidosis condition, the ventilatory rate:
Increases
Decreases
Remains the same
For the following tell me whether the value points to an acid, a base, or normal
pH 7.55 ____________________________________
pH 7.40 ____________________________________
pH 7.15 ____________________________________
HCO3 18 ___________________________________
HCO3 26 ___________________________________
HCO3 32 ___________________________________
PaCO2 55 __________________________________
PaCO2 15 __________________________________
PaCO2 38 __________________________________
pH 7.35 ____________________________________
In chronic alveolar hyperventilation, the kidneys work to correct pH status by:
Excreting HCO3
Retaining H2CO3
Excreting H2CO3
Retaining HCO3
If a patient’s ventilatory rate suddenly decreased, and the patient’s PaCO2 increased to 70 mm Hg, what changes would be expected in the pH and HCO3 level:
pH ____________________________________________________
HCO3 __________________________________________________
If a patient’s ventilatory rate suddenly increased, causing the patient’s PaCO2 to decrease to 20 mm Hg, what would be the expected pH and HCO3- changes?
pH ______________________________________________________
HCO3 ___________________________________________________
If a patient presents with a pH of 7.2 , a HCO3 of 24 and a PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg, does the patient have a
Metabolic acid-base imbalance
respiratory acid-base imbalance,
combination of both?
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