Acid-Base Balance and Regulation

HW 10:  Acid-Base Balance and Regulation

During acute alveolar hypoventilation, the blood

The H2CO3 increases

pH increases

HCO3 increases

PCO2 increases

B only

D only

B and C only

A, C, and D only

The Bulk of CO2 produced in the cells is transported to the lungs as

H2CO3

HCO3

CO2 and H2O

Carbonic anhydrase

During acute alveolar hyperventilation, the blood

The PCO2 increases

H2CO3 decreases

HCO3 increases

pH decreases

B only

D only

A and C only

B and D only

Metabolic alkalosis can develop from

Hyperchloremia

Hypokalemia

Hypochloremia

Hyperkalemia

A only

D only

A and C only

B and C only

Metabolic acidosis caused by a decreased HCO3 is often called 

Hyperchoremia metabolic acidosis

Ketoacidosis

Hypokalemia

Lactic acidosis

What is the anion gap in the patient with the following clinical data? 

Na   128 mEq/L

Cl-    97 mEq/L

HCO3 22 mEq/L  _________________________________________________________

In response to a metabolic acidosis condition, the ventilatory rate:

Increases

Decreases

Remains the same

For the following tell me whether the value points to an acid, a base, or normal 

pH 7.55 ____________________________________

pH 7.40 ____________________________________

pH 7.15 ____________________________________

HCO3 18 ___________________________________

HCO3 26 ___________________________________

HCO3 32 ___________________________________

PaCO2 55 __________________________________

PaCO2 15 __________________________________

PaCO2 38 __________________________________

pH 7.35 ____________________________________

In chronic alveolar hyperventilation, the kidneys work to correct pH status by:

Excreting HCO3

Retaining H2CO3

Excreting H2CO3

Retaining HCO3

If a patient’s ventilatory rate suddenly decreased, and the patient’s PaCO2 increased to 70 mm Hg, what changes would be expected in the pH and HCO3 level:

pH ____________________________________________________

HCO3 __________________________________________________

If a patient’s ventilatory rate suddenly increased, causing the patient’s PaCO2 to decrease to 20 mm Hg, what would be the expected pH and HCO3- changes?

pH ______________________________________________________

HCO3 ___________________________________________________

If a patient presents with a pH of 7.2 , a HCO3 of 24 and a PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg, does the patient have a 

Metabolic acid-base imbalance

respiratory acid-base imbalance, 

combination of both?