Develop and display a project network in Gantt-Chart format

Digital Innovation Project

Deliverable #2 : Schedule Management

Please incorporate revisions, if any, made based on comments received on work #1. Based on that  updated, if any, complete “Required/To Do” below:

Required/ To do:

1. Please review and follow “Schedule Management” chapter For all WBS activities (revised/ updated) of your project:

Develop and display a project network in Gantt-Chart format, using Microsoft Project. Please review MS Project materials provided in the Module, to know how to get/access it, and how to use it.

Also, show all Task names (that is, all WBS activities, indented when appropriate or needed), duration, start, finish, and predecessor. Use a Monday of this semester as the start date for the project on MS Project.

Explain the organization of the network—including sequence and logic among the arrows/links among all activities.

Indicate the critical path, and list all activities on it. Elaborate the significances of the critical path for you to manage the project.

The Deliverable #2 is to be submitted on a Word file: While in your work several software may be used (such as Microsoft Project, Excel, etc.), please do NOT submit these files. Instead, copy and paste their complete contents onto  one single Word file for submission.

Final submission requirement: format and timeline

Your final submission includes:

· Report (in Word format)

· Presentation Video [if your course is remote / online/ virtual ]–THIS WILL BE SEPARATE ASSIGNMENT/DISCUSSION FOR NEXT WEEK! LOOK AT NEXT MODULE FOR REQUIREMENTS!

Report: consolidate two parts (a) and (b):

1. Revised  Deliverable #1 (Scope management)— revised/updated incorporating comments, and

1. The work this time ( Deliverable #2, Schedule management).

Report Due (both a and b) on the date specified on Canvas. A  coverage is needed as the first page, including:  Project title, Date, and Name(s) of all participant(s).

Video Presentation (if an online/remote/virtual course)

For the report (including deliverable #1 and #2), produce and share a video recording using PowerPoint (> 15 slides).

,

2

Digital Innovation Project Development: A Mobile Health Application

Student Name

Institutional Affiliation

Course Title

Professor’s Name

Date

A Mobile Health Application for Diabetes Management

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a significant issue in the U.S. healthcare system due to the associated negative outcomes, including cardiovascular complications, disabilities, and even death. T2DM increases the increased utilization of healthcare resources due to the associated complications and challenges in managing the condition. The management of diabetes has been one of the largest contributors to the increasing healthcare costs with an annual cost of about $412.9 billion (American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2023). About 11.6 percent of Americans had diabetes in 2021 (ADA, n.d.). With the increasing aging population, the problem is likely to worsen. Data from the U.S. Census Bureau show that about 16.8 percent of the U.S. population was aged 65 years or older in 2020 (Caplan, 2023). This population is expected to increase to 21 percent by 2030 (Jones & Dolsten, 2024). The increasing aging population is expected to increase the chronic disease burden and healthcare expenditure if measures are not implemented to mitigate the issue.

The organization is significantly affected by the issue of T2DM as the rate of 30-day unplanned readmissions of patients with T2DM is 10%, but the readmission rate increases to 30% within 90 days. T2DM has the second-highest readmission rate in the hospital after heart failure. The problem of readmissions has exacerbated the existing issues of staff shortage, and incremental healthcare costs, and increased the care burden. Poor T2DM management has led to prolonged hospitalization, which puts pressure on hospital resources. T2DM patients need to adhere to the treatment and disease management interventions to promote their health outcomes and live healthier lives. However, proper self-management skills, patient education, and provider support are required. Poor T2DM management increases the risk of complications, such as hyperglycemia, kidney damage, heart attack, stroke, and even mortality (Kumar et al., 2023).

Technology has been a viable option for addressing some of the issues faced in healthcare today, including the management of chronic conditions. Technological solutions can be used to help in the management of T2DM to help patients self-manage their conditions. Self-efficacy is essential in the management of T2DM, as it has been associated with improved self-efficacy and better medication adherence (Qin et al., 2020). The proposed digital innovation solution is a mobile health application that will help patients with chronic illnesses manage their conditions by accessing information through the mobile application on the management of their conditions.

Description of the Mobile Health Application

The mobile health application, named M-Promo CARE, will have two sections, where one section will be used by diabetes case managers and the other part will be accessed by patients and/or their caregivers. The application will be designed such that only one of the two sections can be enabled at a time. If the user registers as a patient, the caregiver section will be disabled. The patient section will have a simple interface to prevent difficulties using the application by allowing patients to easily navigate the content in the application. The key features include:

i. Patient reminders: The diabetes case managers will be able to set alarms to remind patients and/or caregivers of the various health measures that they need to take. Some of the reminders would include medication, physical activity, and appointment reminders. This will enable patients to adhere to the various interventions recommended by their providers to effectively manage their conditions.

ii. Messaging: This feature will allow the diabetes case manager to send messages to the patient and vice versa. This will enable the case manager to remotely monitor patients and address any challenges they may have in managing their conditions.

iii. Health goals: The providers in the interprofessional care team will jointly set goals with patients, which will allow the patients, caregivers, and providers to monitor and understand the patients’ progress in managing their conditions. The level of fulfillment of the health goals may be used to determine the level of adherence to the health measures and identify any patient education needs. The health goals will include weight, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure.

iv. Medication: The app will include information about the patient’s medications, including the drug name, form, dosage, frequency, and administration route. The information will be available both as text information and pre-recorded audio by the providers. This functionality will allow patients to remind themselves about their medications and help them adhere to the treatment plan.

v. Meal plan: This feature will consist of the meal plan developed jointly by the patient and the dietitian, considering the patient's socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and accessibility of the foods. This will promote patient adherence to the meal plan.

vi. Exercise plan: This feature will consist of the exercise and physical activity plan developed jointly by the patient and a trained exercise specialist, considering the patient’s hobbies and frailty.

vii. Community Resources: The app will provide patients with access to information about community resources that can be used to support them in managing their conditions.

viii. Emergency call: Patients will be able to make an emergency call in case of an emergency. This feature will allow patients to access timely emergency care.

ix. GPS Tracking: Case managers will be able to track the location of patients in case of an emergency.

The provider section will have features that will allow providers to communicate with others and patients over the application via audio, text, or images. Providers will be able to access videos instructing them on the various tasks involved in the management of T2DM. The app will allow providers to set up GPS monitoring configurations and edit information entered into the application, including healthcare workers and patient data.

Key Strengths of the Application

Although there are numerous mobile health applications that promise to help patients manage type 2 diabetes, the applications are not integrated into routine diabetes care (Bults et al., 2023). The M-Promo CARE mobile health application addresses this shortcoming by ensuring the application can be individualized to meet the patient’s unique needs. The information in the application is provided by an interprofessional team involved in diabetes care and the patient is involved in the development of the health goals and measures recommended to manage T2DM. The information can be modified with the patient’s changing healthcare needs. Besides, the app will be accessible both online and offline.

Justification of the Project to the Organization

The project is ideal for the organization as it allows the organization to achieve its goal of providing effective and efficient diabetes care, reducing readmissions related to diabetes complications, and improving patients’ quality of life. With the problem of inadequate staffing, promoting diabetes self-management will reduce the overutilization of healthcare resources and associated costs that arise with prolonged hospitalization due to diabetic complications that occur when T2DM is poorly managed. This will free up hospital resources to meet the needs of more patients and move towards improving the health and well-being of the communities we serve. The project will reduce the readmission of T2DM after discharge, which has been a major issue in the hospital. The project will not only result in cost savings but also attract more revenue from the provision of acute care that does not require prolonged hospitalization. The patients will most likely recommend their friends and family members to the facility if they achieve positive health outcomes, which will attract more revenue to the hospital from increased patient inflows and improve the reputation of the organization.

Project Charter

Source: Schwalbe (2018).

References

American Diabetes Association. (2023, November 1). New American Diabetes Association report finds annual costs of diabetes to be $412.9 Billion. https://diabetes.org/newsroom/press-releases/new-american-diabetes-association-report-finds-annual-costs-diabetes-be

American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Statistics about diabetes. https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/statistics/about-diabetes

Bults, M., van Leersum, C. M., Olthuis, T. J. J., Bekhuis, R. E. M., & den Ouden, M. E. M. (2023). Mobile health apps for the control and self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Qualitative study on users' acceptability and acceptance. JMIR Diabetes, 8, e41076. https://doi.org/10.2196/41076

Caplan, Z. (2023, May 25). U.S. older population grew from 2010 to 2020 at fastest rate since 1880 to 1890. US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/05/2020-census-united-states-older-population-grew.html

Jones, C.H., & Dolsten, M. (2024). Healthcare on the brink: Navigating the challenges of an aging society in the United States. NPJ Aging 10, 22. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41514-024-00148-2

Kumar, M., Dev, S., Khalid, M. U., Siddenthi, S. M., Noman, M., John, C., Akubuiro, C., Haider, A., Rani, R., Kashif, M., Varrassi, G., Khatri, M., Kumar, S., & Mohamad, T. (2023). The bidirectional link between diabetes and kidney disease: Mechanisms and management. Cureus, 15(9), e45615. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45615

Qin, W., Blanchette, J. E., & Yoon, M. (2020). Self-efficacy and diabetes self-management in middle-aged and older adults in the United States: A systematic review. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(4), 315-323. https://doi.org/10.2337/ds19-0051

Schwalbe, K. (2018). Information technology project management (9th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9798214345949

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