Electrical Engineering Question
ECE171: Final exam March 20, 2024 Instructions: You have 24 hours to complete the test. The test has 12 points, out of which you may accumulate 10 for the best possible score (this accounts for 20% of your course grade). There are various solutions to this problem. Submit your solutions to Canvas by 6:59 PM Wednesday, March 20th, 2024. If you have an accommodation for extra examination time, you may submit exam by 6:59 AM Thursday, March 21st, 2024. SINGLE PDF file submission only! Other formats will be ignored. No late submissions will be accepted. Problem 1: You live in a coastal city along a subduction zone (the place where two tectonic plates meet). Geologic surveys suggest that a large earthquake may impact the region in the near future. The biggest hazards involve tsunamis–large, long-period waves generated by seafloor shaking–and landslides. Government agencies have set up sensor arrays to detect the hazards and alert populations. The array consists of 4 sensors: 1) land-based seismometers to measure ground shaking, 2) ocean-bottom seismometers to detect underwater shaking, 3) buoys that detect rapid changes in sea level, and 4) tiltmeters to detect ground tilt. You have been hired to construct an alarm system based on these sensor inputs that will provide the following output alarms: 1. Detect whether or not a dangerous earthquake has occurred 2. Determine whether a tsunami is likely 3. Determine whether a landslide is likely You will construct the system based on the following observations: 1) Studies over the last 50 years suggest that a dangerous earthquake occurs when 1) land-based seismometers detect strong shaking and tiltmeters detect ground tilt or 2) when ocean-bottom seismometers detect strong shaking. 1 2) A tsunami is likely if the ocean-bottom seismometers detect shaking and buoys detect sea level changes. However, if the land-based seismometers also detect shaking a tsunami is not likely. 3) A landslide is likely if the land-based seismometers detect shaking and the tilt meters detect ground tilt. If, however, the ocean-bottom seismometers are also active the chances of a landslide are remote. 4) If all four sensors are active, this is an indication of a system failure and you should not care about the outputs. Your employer has asked you for the following design elements. 1. A truth table describing how the inputs trigger the outputs. (2 points) 2. A full (canonical) SOP expression for each of the outputs. (1 point) 3. A simplified set of expressions using the principles and properties of boolean algebra. (1 point) 4. A simplified set of expressions using Karnaugh maps. (1 point) 5. A circuit diagram of the alarm system. (2 points) 6. A bill of materials, including part numbers, vendors, and prices. (1 point) 7. A working TinkerCAD model of the system. Here, you may use an SPST x4 switch to simulate inputs and LEDs to simulate outputs. Don’t forget your resistors! Include a working link in your submission. (2 points) 8. An equivalent circuit implementing the logic with a 4-to-16 decoder (2 points) Extra credit: Here is a finite state diagram of a vending machine (taken from https://cs.berry.edu/webdocs-common/csc120/2020spring/labs/lab06/fsm-list/fsm.html). The vending machine will dispense a soda when 25 or more cents are added to the machine. The machine will only accept a nickel OR a dime at a time. 2 1. What is the truth table that defines the evolution (the next state) of this finite state machine? 2. What are the (simplified) equations that define the evolution of the state machine? Use Karnaugh maps. 3. Can you draw a circuit defining the logic of this state machine? Correct solution will add 1 point to your final course grade. Useful relationships: A·0=0 A+1=1 A·1=A A+0=A A·A=A A+A=A A · A′ = 0 A + A′ = 1 A + (A · B) = (A · 1) + (A · B) = A · (1 + B) = A A · (A + B) = (A + 0) · (A + B) = A + (0 · B) = A 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) A+B =A·B A·B =A+B 4 (6)
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