Create a plot of the Clausius‐Clapeyron Equation to determine the heat of vaporization of a substance.
Create a plot of the Clausius‐Clapeyron Equation to determine the heat of vaporization of a substance. (STEPS INCLUDED)
Make an Excel spreadsheet with the following columns for a plot of Boyle’s Law (STEPS INCLUDED)
Make an Excel spreadsheet with the following columns for a plot of Radioactive Decay (STEPS INCLUDED)
If you are good at chemistry this should be easy. It is due by 11:59 pm EDT on 8/27/23
I need to learn how to do this, but I am struggling and need some help, my grade is at a 14% if I don’t get this done. I will tip good !
Requirements: As much as you can do before the time, I will try my best to work on it as well. I just have 5 other assignments I need to get done as well | .doc file
CHM‐2046L: Excel Assignment
Microsoft Excel is a very powerful toll for analyzing a variety of data. We will use it in Lab to plot various data sets. The utility of Excel is that you can enter any set of raw data and then use various formulas to manipulate the data to your liking. You can do multiple calculations that would take a lot of time on a calculator with just a few clicks of the mouse. There are several websites that offer tutorials on Excel including:
The following assignments are typical examples of how you will use excel in this course.
Assignment 1:
Create a plot of the Clausius‐Clapeyron Equation to determine the heat of vaporization of a substance.
This is found in Chapter 11, page 477 of your Text. Here is the raw data:
Step 1: Enter the data in an Excel spreadsheet, as shown in the table above.
Step 2: Next, convert the temperature to 1/T. In cell C2 type {=1/A2}. The equal sign tells Excel you are carrying out some math calculation. To copy the result to all columns use cut & paste or click the lower right corner of C2 and drag it all the way down. This will give you the inverse of T (1/T) for all values.
Step 3: Next take the natural log of the pressure in cell D2 by typing in {= ln (B2)}. Notice that typing in the = sign will bring up a list of functions on the left of the toolbar just above the spreadsheet. Find the natural log (ln). In the function argument box enter B2.
Step 4: To make an x‐y scatter plot of 1/T (x axis) and ln(P) (y axis), select both columns by clicking on column C first. Then hold down the Ctrl key and select the volume column (Column D). Click on the “insert” menu and find the Chart menu there. Select X-Y scatter plot. Once the chart is on the page highlight the chart and click on the layout menu of the chart tools.
Step 5: You can adjust the limits to the axes, make labels or adjust the axes as you wish. For example, click on the layout tab, select axes, primary horizontal, and more options. Then you can enter the range for the x axis. Do the same for the y axis
Step 6: Print out the data columns and the chart. If you click on a chart you can print out just the chart. If you click on the datasheet you can print out the data and the charts on 1 page. Use print preview to check.
Step 7: To find the slope and intercept of a linear plot:
Click the layout tab of the chart menu (Be sure to highlight the chart 1st so the tab appears)
Click the trendline box
Select more trendline options
Select linear trendline.
Click (Check the boxes ) to display equation and R‐squared on the chart.
This gives a measure of the correlation between the two axes. Perfect correlation is 1.000.
Results:
Table with complete data
2 charts
Pressure vs Temperature (T) and ln Pressure vs 1/T
Labeled axis and units
Chart Titles
Trendlines, line equation and R-squared value
Assignment 2: Make an Excel spreadsheet with the following columns for a plot of Boyle’s Law
Step 1: Convert the pressure in psi to mm Hg by multiplying all the psi values by 51.715 mm Hg/psi. This is done by assigning the 1st cell under pressure the value {=A2*51.715}. Then copy and paste to all the remaining Pressure cells.
Step 2: Make an x‐y scatter plot of Pressure (y-axis) and Volume (x-axis). Select both columns, select the volume column first by clicking at the top of the spreadsheet. Then hold down the Ctrl key and select the pressure column . Find the ‘Chart Wizard’ icon at the top of the screen on click on the “insert” menu and find the Chart wizard there. Select x‐y scatterplot and click through the steps until step 3 where you can make labels for the axes and title.
Step 3: Next, fill in the column 1/Pressure by setting the value of the 1st cell {=1/P (mm Hg)}. Copy and paste it to all the cells below. Make a scatterplot of pressure (y axis) vs 1/volume (x axis). This should be a straight line. (Boyle’s Law) Label the axes and the title.
Step 4: Go to the chart menu and select “add trendline”. (The chart menu will only appear if you highlight the chart.) Under the options tab select “display equation on chart”
Step 5: Print out the data columns and both charts. If you click on a chart you can print out just the chart. If you click on the datasheet you can print out the data and the charts on 1 page.
Step 6: In the P X V column, multiply the values in the P (mm Hg) times Volume (ml) columns. At the bottom of the column, record the Average and standard deviation of the values
Results:
Table with complete data
2 charts
Volume vs Pressure (mm) and Volume vs 1/P (mm)
Labeled axis and units
Chart Titles
Trendlines, line equation and R-squared value
Assignment 3:
Make an Excel spreadsheet with the following columns for a plot of Radioactive Decay
Step 1: Calculate the natural log (ln) of the atoms remaining.
Step 2: Make an X-Y scatter plot of time in years (x-axis) versus Number of atoms remaining (y-axis). Ascertain whether the plot shows a straight line.
If yes, go to the chart menu and select “add trendline”. Under the options tab select “display equation on chart”
If no, proceed to step 3,
Step 3: make an X-Y scatter plot of time in years (x axis) versus ln (Number of atoms remaining) (y axis). Ascertain whether the plot shows a straight line. If yes, go to the chart menu and select “add trendline”. Under the options tab select “display equation on chart” and R-squared value.
Step 4: Print out the data columns and both charts.
Results:
Table with complete data
2 charts
# of atoms vs Years of Decay and ln (# of atoms) vs Years of Decay
Labeled axis and units
Chart Titles
Trendlines, line equation and R-squared value
Assignment 4.
Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) decomposes to NO2 and O2 at relatively low temperatures in the following reaction:
2 N2O5 (soln) → 4 NO2 (soln) + O2 (g)
This reaction is carried out in a CCl4 solution at 45°C. The concentrations of N2O5 as a function of time are listed in the following table. Calculate the natural logarithms and reciprocal N2O5 concentrations.
Enter the data into an Excel spreadsheet
In the 3rd column, enter the value of the natural log of the concentration
In the 4th column, enter the value of 1/[M]
Construct 3 x-yY scatter charts
Chart 1. Plot [M] vs time (s)
Chart 2. Plot ln [M [ vs time (s)
Chart 3. Plot 1/ [M] vs time (s)
On each chart, use the trendline function to draw a linear fit. Make sure you display the equation, the R-squared value on the chart. Indicate the best linear fit.
From the trendline data, select which treatment of the data results in the
Experimental Data for the Reaction between Phenolphthalein and Excess Base
Results:
Table with complete data
3 charts
[N2O5] vs Time, ln [N2O5] vs Time and 1/[N2O5] vs Time
Labeled axis and units
Chart Titles
Do linear Trendline for each plot, line equation and R-squared value
Indicate the best linear fit
Assignment 5
Materials absorb light more strongly at particular wavelengths than others. For light in the visible region of the spectrum, such selective absorption gives different materials and solutions their particular colors. The intensity of the color is directly related to the amount of material in the sample (for solutions) that absorbs light. One of the most common techniques in analytical chemistry involves using a spectrophotometer to measure the amount of light of a given wavelength that passes through a sample. So one might expect a dilute solution of a given material to be a lighter color than a more concentrated one.
Chemists capitalize on these factors to determine how much of a given material is in an ‘unknown.’ By studying the behavior of a known concentrations, and using a relationship known as Beer’s Law, one can often determine the composition of certain solutions.
For such spectrophotometric determinations to be successful, a chemist must determine the best wavelength for analysis of a particular material. This is usually accomplished by taking a single concentration of a solution of the material, and checking how much light it absorbs at a number of different wavelengths. These results are then plotted as Absorbance versus Wavelength, and the region of maximum absorbance is found from the plot. All subsequent analyses are carried out at this ‘optimum operating wavelength.
Construct an Absorbance versus Wavelength plot of the data below. Make sure to appropriately label all axis, show title and indicate the highest absorbance wavelength (max) on the graph
Results:
Table with complete data
1 chart
Absorbance vs Wavelength
Labeled axis and units
Chart Title
Draw line through the data points and indicate max on graph
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