The V/Q ratio of a normal upright lunch is 0.8, this indicates that ventilation is
QUESTION 1 The V/Q ratio of a normal upright lunch is 0.8, this indicates that ventilation is _______________ than perfusion.
compensated
more
less
equal
QUESTION 2 Parasympathetic stimulation causes airways to:
dilate
constrict
collapse
trap air
QUESTION 3 Passage of fluid and/or solid particles into the lungs is a(n):
Empyema
Aspiration
Atelectasis
Hemoptysis
QUESTION 4 Prinzmetal angina is caused by:
obstruction of a coronary artery
vasospasm of the coronary artery
thrombus within the coronary artery
dissection of the coronary artery
QUESTION 5 The tunica media is the middle layer of blood vessels and is composed of what type of tissue?
endothelium and elastic fibers
endothelium and connective tissue
smooth muscle and elastic fibers
smooth muscle and connective tissue
QUESTION 6 Norepinephrine action on a1-adrenergic receptors causes ________________________.
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
bradycardia
hypotension
QUESTION 7 Inflammatory disease of peripheral arteries that usually is associated with smoking is a description of which condition?
Pericarditis
Varicose veins
Intermittent claudication
Thromboangiitis obliterans
QUESTION 8 Acute rheumatic fever is a complication of a:
streptococcal infection of the pharynx
staphylococcal infection of pharynx
E. Coli infection of the kidney
Pseudomonas infection of the lung
QUESTION 9 The right side of the heart is a high-pressure system
True
False
QUESTION 10 A person who has pulmonary edema will exhibit which symptoms?
resonance to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory wheezing, foul smelling sputum
dullness to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory crackles, and pink frothy sputum
resonance to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory wheezing, and pink frothy sputum
dullness to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory wheezing, foul smelling sputum
QUESTION 11 How much oxygen does the myocardium extract from the coronary arteries?
40%
50%
60%
70%
QUESTION 12 A patient that is hyperventilating will have a decreased:
saturation
Pa02
PaCO2
minute volume
QUESTION 13 Stimulation of the carina often causes:
inhalation
coughing
gagging
swallowing
QUESTION 14 Binding of ATP to myosin that enables myocardial contraction requires which electrolyte?
calcium
magnesium
sodium
potassium
QUESTION 15 Which of the following laws is defined as “Within limits, a greater end-diastolic volume will produce a greater contractile force during systole”?
Laplace’s law
Frank-Starling law
Autonomic law
Laplace’s law
QUESTION 16 Sympathetic nerves to the heart releases what the neurotransmitter?
serotonin
epinephrine
norepinephrine
acetylcholine
QUESTION 17 The presence of pus in the pleural cavity is a(n):
Empyema
Atelectasis
Aspiration
Hemoptysis
QUESTION 18 As a person ages, what type of changes occur in the myocardium and arterial walls?
dilation
stiffening
atrophy
shrink
QUESTION 19 Parasympathetic nerves to the heart releases what the neurotransmitter?
serotonin
epinephrine
norepinephrine
acetylcholine
QUESTION 20 Sympathetic stimulation causes airways to:
dilate
constrict
collapse
trap air
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