The V/Q ratio of a normal upright lunch is 0.8, this indicates that ventilation is

QUESTION 1  The V/Q ratio of a normal upright lunch is 0.8, this indicates that ventilation is _______________ than perfusion.

 

                                compensated

 

                                more

 

                                less

 

                                equal

 

QUESTION 2        Parasympathetic stimulation causes airways to:

 

                                dilate

 

                                constrict

 

                                collapse

 

                                trap air

 

QUESTION 3       Passage of fluid and/or solid particles into the lungs is a(n):

 

                                Empyema

 

                                Aspiration

 

                                Atelectasis

 

                                Hemoptysis

 

QUESTION 4       Prinzmetal angina is caused by:

 

                                obstruction of a coronary artery

 

                                vasospasm of the coronary artery

 

                                thrombus within the coronary artery

 

                                dissection of the coronary artery

 

QUESTION 5       The tunica media is the middle layer of blood vessels and is composed of what type of tissue?

 

                                endothelium and elastic fibers

 

                                endothelium and connective tissue

 

                                 smooth muscle and elastic fibers

 

                                smooth muscle and connective tissue

 

QUESTION 6       Norepinephrine action on a1-adrenergic receptors causes ________________________.

 

                                vasoconstriction

 

                                vasodilation

 

                                bradycardia

 

                                hypotension

 

QUESTION 7       Inflammatory disease of peripheral arteries that usually is associated with smoking is a description of which condition?

 

                                 Pericarditis

 

                                Varicose veins

 

                                 Intermittent claudication

 

                                Thromboangiitis obliterans

 

QUESTION 8       Acute rheumatic fever is a complication of  a:

 

                                streptococcal infection of the pharynx

 

                                staphylococcal infection of pharynx

 

                                E. Coli infection of the kidney

 

                                Pseudomonas infection of the lung

 

QUESTION 9       The right side of the heart is a high-pressure system

 

 True

 

 False

 

QUESTION 10     A person who has pulmonary edema will exhibit which symptoms?

 

                                resonance to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory wheezing, foul smelling sputum

 

                                dullness to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory crackles, and pink frothy sputum

 

                                resonance to percussion over the lung bases, inspiratory wheezing, and pink frothy sputum

 

                                dullness to percussion over the lung bases,  inspiratory wheezing, foul smelling sputum

 

QUESTION 11     How much oxygen does the myocardium extract from the coronary arteries?

 

                                40%

 

                                50%

 

                                60%

 

                                70%

 

QUESTION 12     A patient that is hyperventilating will have a decreased:

 

                                saturation

 

                                Pa02

 

                                PaCO2

 

                                minute volume

 

QUESTION 13     Stimulation of the carina often causes: 

 

                                inhalation

 

                                coughing

 

                                gagging

 

                                swallowing

 

QUESTION 14     Binding of ATP to myosin that enables myocardial contraction requires which electrolyte?

 

                                                calcium

 

                                                magnesium

 

                                                sodium

 

                                                potassium

 

QUESTION 15     Which of the following laws is defined as “Within limits, a greater end-diastolic volume will produce a greater contractile force during systole”?

 

                                Laplace’s law

 

                                Frank-Starling law

 

                                Autonomic law

 

                                Laplace’s law

 

QUESTION 16     Sympathetic nerves to the heart releases what  the neurotransmitter?

 

                                serotonin

 

                                epinephrine

 

                                norepinephrine

 

                                acetylcholine

 

QUESTION 17     The presence of pus in the pleural cavity is a(n):

 

                                Empyema

 

                                Atelectasis

 

                                Aspiration

 

                                Hemoptysis

 

QUESTION 18     As a person ages, what type of changes occur in the  myocardium and arterial walls?

 

                                dilation

 

                                stiffening

 

                                atrophy

 

                                shrink

 

QUESTION 19     Parasympathetic nerves to the heart releases what  the neurotransmitter?

 

                                serotonin

 

                                epinephrine

 

                                norepinephrine

 

                                acetylcholine

 

QUESTION 20     Sympathetic stimulation causes airways to:

 

                                dilate

 

                                constrict

 

                                collapse

 

                                trap air