The steps for process evaluation outlined by Bliss and Emshoff (2002) may seem very similar to those for conducting other types of evaluation that
The steps for process evaluation outlined by Bliss and Emshoff (2002) may seem very similar to those for conducting other types of evaluation that you have learned about in this course; in fact, it is the purpose and timing of a process evaluation that most distinguish it from other types of evaluation. A process evaluation is conducted during the implementation of the program to evaluate whether the program has been implemented as intended and how the delivery of a program can be improved. A process evaluation can also be useful in supporting an outcome evaluation by helping to determine the reason behind program outcomes.There are several reasons for conducting process evaluation throughout the implementation of a program. Chief among them is to compare the program that is being delivered to the original program plan, in order to identify gaps and make improvements. Therefore, documentation from the planning stage may prove useful when planning a process evaluation.For this Assignment, you either build on the work that you completed in Weeks 6, 7, and 8 related to a support group for caregivers, or on your knowledge about a program with which you are familiar. Review the resource “Workbook for Designing a Process Evaluation”.
Submit a 5-page plan for a process evaluation. Include the following minimal information:
- A description of the key program elements
- A description of the strategies that the program uses to produce change
- A description of the needs of the target population
- An explanation of why a process evaluation is important for the program
- A plan for building relationships with the staff and management
- Broad questions to be answered by the process evaluation
- Specific questions to be answered by the process evaluation
- A plan for gathering and analyzing the information
7
Analyzing Focus Group Findings
Tolulope I. Moses
Master of Social Work, Walden University
SOCW 6311
Dr. Ashley Nazon
April 10, 2022
Program Evaluation
Conducting program evaluation is critical to ensuring programs success. Program evaluation helps to establish what is working and what is not working and hence informs the program to direct resources where it is needed the most. Program evaluation also enables the organization to showcase program effectiveness. Program evaluation should be designed to address the question and concerns of eh stakeholders. Concerns of stakeholders may relate to issues of accountability, ethics, and effectiveness of the program.
Basic Center Program is the proposed program chosen. The role of the stakeholders in the agency and concern they may have would be critically analysed below.
Key Words; Program Evaluation, effectiveness, stakeholders, and Basic Centre Program
The roles of the of Stakeholders in the agency and any concerns that they might have about the proposed program evaluation
Stakeholders in the Basic centre program are runaway youths, Parents, the community and entities addressing teen homeless, such as foster care. Runaway youths play a significant role in defining the goals of the BCP program (Norman-Major, 2018). For instance, runaway teens could have unhealthy relationships with their parents, which prompt them to run away from home without their parent's knowledge. Some of them may be abusing drugs, and others are experiencing segregation due to their sexual orientation. Studies show that LGBTQ teens experience more segregation than their heterosexual peers, increasing their chances of running away from home (Norman-Major, 2018). Homeless teens may be concerned about whether the proposed program evaluation will address their challenges such as unemployment, provision of shelter, educational needs and their sexual orientation. The LBGQT may want to know if the proposed program evaluation will ensure they are accepted regardless of their sexual orientation.
Foster parents can work with BCP to rebuild the relationships of the affected youths with their families. The role of foster parents in the agency is invaluable since they aid in fostering BCP goals of reuniting homeless youths with their loved ones (Samuels, et al., 2019). Foster families may be concerned if the proposed goal-based program evaluation is achieving the stated program goals and the possibility of the program evaluation deviating from initial program goals (Dudley, 2020). The community supports the BCP goals by donating clothing and foodstuffs, providing accommodation facilities and volunteering their time to assist the affected teens. The community also plays a vital role in creating a healthy environment that facilitates the reconciliation of teens and their parents. The community can be concerned about the program's approach to solving homelessness and how effectively the program utilizes the donated resources.
Draft of the program evaluation plan to submit to the stakeholders
Goal-based program evaluation is utilized when the program has made contact with at least an individual or groups in the target group. The goal-based evaluation program is used to determine how the program has attained its goals. The purpose of the evaluation program is to systematically gather data about the program activities and goals, monitor progress, and report and communicate outcomes to stakeholders and partners (Dudley, 2020). The proposed goals-based evaluation program will gather data on teen homelessness, causes, and efforts to address the problem.
Conducting a program evaluation can help establish what works and what doesn't work. Outcome evaluation or goal-based program evaluations helps the implementing entity to answer the basic question regarding the program's efficacy, which helps the program focus its resource on important components of the program model that profit participants and volunteers (Dudley, 2020). Knowing what doesn't work enables the program to improve and reinforce service delivery models, and not knowing what is working can result in time and resource wastage. For instance, if the Basic Center Program establishes that its efforts in reuniting homeless victims with their families are not working, it will redirect resources towards reuniting efforts.
Conducting program evaluation enables the implementing agency to showcase the program's effectiveness to stakeholders, particularly funders and the community. Evaluation outcomes can demonstrate to sunders and the community that the program is valuable. Sharing program evaluation findings within the community can be used as an excellent campaign tool for enticing collaborative cohorts, recruiting members and volunteers, and bolstering trust with the community and families (Dudley, 2020). Similarly, funders usually require a program appraisal to be conducted when they decide to finance the program. Some may not fund or refund until program evaluation has been outcomes and results ensued.
Program evaluation can enhance personnel frontline practice for the program participants. Enhancing how frontline personnel delivers service to homeless teens will increase the possibility that BCP will realize desirable outcomes with the program participant. Conducting program evaluation will enable systematic assessment of the personnel performance and identify areas that need more support and training. Program evaluation also allows the personnel staff to discuss the hurdles they face and provide potential solutions.
Questions that will be addressed and the type of information that will be collected
Question to Participants
Questions that will be addressed relate to the concerns of the participants and staff. The program evaluation will seek to know whether participants are benefiting from the program and whether they are experiencing challenges that require additional interventions (Dudley, 2020). For instance, participants may feel uncomfortable around foster parents prompting the program to address the issue. The program will also address questions related efficacy of staff, recruitment strategies, and whether the staff has the required skills and training to deliver services. The program will also address the questions such as
· Are some sub-groups profiting while others are not?
· Do participants feel comfortable or are there things that need to be improved?
· Are staffs overwhelmed? If so, do they need volunteers?
· What will volunteers do?
· Do the staff have the necessary skills to perform their role, or do they need additional training?
The program will collect data that informs the effectiveness of the program. Data to be collected includes demographics of the participants, training needs for staff, cause of teen homelessness, potential impact of the program, and areas that require improvements.
Concerns of the stakeholders
Staff work overload will be lessened by recruiting volunteers in the program who can help with basic activities. The staff will also receive additional training to equip them with the necessary skills and expertise to perform their duties. Participants' concerns relating to discrimination will be addressed by establishing policies that ensure that everybody is accommodated within the program. Staff in collaboration with volunteers will be sensitized on sensitive issues such as acknowledging and respecting participants' needs, cultures, and sexual orientation. Concerns of the community will be addressed through appropriate interventions such as enrolling homeless youth struggling with addiction in rehabilitation centers (Winiarski et al., 2021) . The program will also develop succession plans to assure shareholders, particularly funders and the community of program continuity. The program will also ensure timely disclosure of all financial and other relevant material that addresses stakeholders' concerns that they may not be obtaining pertinent data for making decisions.
Donors will only fund or refund the program if there is transparency in program accounting processes. Therefore, the program will ensure transparency in its accounting process to reinforce donors' confidence in the program. The program team will also demonstrate the impact and relevance of the program to the community. Bagheri et al. (2019) notes that donors are willing to fund a program whose outcomes are identifiable as well as measurable.
Conclusion
Program evaluation also enables the implementing entity to conduct a critical self-assessment and plan effectively for the future. Conducting a program evaluation within the entity or with an external evaluator is essential in building the entity’s capacity to perform a critical self-evaluation, including conducting personnel and program needs assessments, gauging implementing team performance, and evaluating whether program goals are being met (Dudley, 2020). This is important because it fortifies program processes and improves results for those aided.
References
Bagheri, A., Chitsazan, H., & Ebrahimi, A. (2019). Crowdfunding motivations: A focus on donors' perspectives. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 218-232.
Dudley, J. R. (2020). Social work evaluation: Enhancing what we do (3rd ed.) Oxford University Press.
Norman-Major, K. (2018). Thinking outside the box: Using multisector approaches to address the wicked problem of homelessness among LGBTQ youth. Public Integrity, 20(6), 546-557.
Samuels, G. M., Cerven, C., Curry, S., Robinson, S. R., & Patel, S. (2019). Missed Opportunities in Youth Pathways through Homelessness. Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago.
Winiarski, D. A., Glover, A. C., Bounds, D. T., & Karnik, N. S. (2021). Addressing Intersecting Social and Mental Health Needs Among Transition-Age Homeless Youths: A Review of the Literature. Psychiatric Services, 72(3), 317-324.
,
7
Analyzing Focus Group Findings
Tolulope I. Moses
Master of Social Work, Walden University
SOCW 6311
Dr. Ashley Nazon
April 10, 2022
Program Evaluation
Conducting program evaluation is critical to ensuring programs success. Program evaluation helps to establish what is working and what is not working and hence informs the program to direct resources where it is needed the most. Program evaluation also enables the organization to showcase program effectiveness. Program evaluation should be designed to address the question and concerns of eh stakeholders. Concerns of stakeholders may relate to issues of accountability, ethics, and effectiveness of the program.
Basic Center Program is the proposed program chosen. The role of the stakeholders in the agency and concern they may have would be critically analysed below.
Key Words; Program Evaluation, effectiveness, stakeholders, and Basic Centre Program
The roles of the of Stakeholders in the agency and any concerns that they might have about the proposed program evaluation
Stakeholders in the Basic centre program are runaway youths, Parents, the community and entities addressing teen homeless, such as foster care. Runaway youths play a significant role in defining the goals of the BCP program (Norman-Major, 2018). For instance, runaway teens could have unhealthy relationships with their parents, which prompt them to run away from home without their parent's knowledge. Some of them may be abusing drugs, and others are experiencing segregation due to their sexual orientation. Studies show that LGBTQ teens experience more segregation than their heterosexual peers, increasing their chances of running away from home (Norman-Major, 2018). Homeless teens may be concerned about whether the proposed program evaluation will address their challenges such as unemployment, provision of shelter, educational needs and their sexual orientation. The LBGQT may want to know if the proposed program evaluation will ensure they are accepted regardless of their sexual orientation.
Foster parents can work with BCP to rebuild the relationships of the affected youths with their families. The role of foster parents in the agency is invaluable since they aid in fostering BCP goals of reuniting homeless youths with their loved ones (Samuels, et al., 2019). Foster families may be concerned if the proposed goal-based program evaluation is achieving the stated program goals and the possibility of the program evaluation deviating from initial program goals (Dudley, 2020). The community supports the BCP goals by donating clothing and foodstuffs, providing accommodation facilities and volunteering their time to assist the affected teens. The community also plays a vital role in creating a healthy environment that facilitates the reconciliation of teens and their parents. The community can be concerned about the program's approach to solving homelessness and how effectively the program utilizes the donated resources.
Draft of the program evaluation plan to submit to the stakeholders
Goal-based program evaluation is utilized when the program has made contact with at least an individual or groups in the target group. The goal-based evaluation program is used to determine how the program has attained its goals. The purpose of the evaluation program is to systematically gather data about the program activities and goals, monitor progress, and report and communicate outcomes to stakeholders and partners (Dudley, 2020). The proposed goals-based evaluation program will gather data on teen homelessness, causes, and efforts to address the problem.
Conducting a program evaluation can help establish what works and what doesn't work. Outcome evaluation or goal-based program evaluations helps the implementing entity to answer the basic question regarding the program's efficacy, which helps the program focus its resource on important components of the program model that profit participants and volunteers (Dudley, 2020). Knowing what doesn't work enables the program to improve and reinforce service delivery models, and not knowing what is working can result in time and resource wastage. For instance, if the Basic Center Program establishes that its efforts in reuniting homeless victims with their families are not working, it will redirect resources towards reuniting efforts.
Conducting program evaluation enables the implementing agency to showcase the program's effectiveness to stakeholders, particularly funders and the community. Evaluation outcomes can demonstrate to sunders and the community that the program is valuable. Sharing program evaluation findings within the community can be used as an excellent campaign tool for enticing collaborative cohorts, recruiting members and volunteers, and bolstering trust with the community and families (Dudley, 2020). Similarly, funders usually require a program appraisal to be conducted when they decide to finance the program. Some may not fund or refund until program evaluation has been outcomes and results ensued.
Program evaluation can enhance personnel frontline practice for the program participants. Enhancing how frontline personnel delivers service to homeless teens will increase the possibility that BCP will realize desirable outcomes with the program participant. Conducting program evaluation will enable systematic assessment of the personnel performance and identify areas that need more support and training. Program evaluation also allows the personnel staff to discuss the hurdles they face and provide potential solutions.
Questions that will be addressed and the type of information that will be collected
Question to Participants
Questions that will be addressed relate to the concerns of the participants and staff. The program evaluation will seek to know whether participants are benefiting from the program and whether they are experiencing challenges that require additional interventions (Dudley, 2020). For instance, participants may feel uncomfortable around foster parents prompting the program to address the issue. The program will also address questions related efficacy of staff, recruitment strategies, and whether the staff has the required skills and training to deliver services. The program will also address the questions such as
· Are some sub-groups profiting while others are not?
· Do participants feel comfortable or are there things that need to be improved?
· Are staffs overwhelmed? If so, do they need volunteers?
· What will volunteers do?
· Do the staff have the necessary skills to perform their role, or do they need additional training?
The program will collect data that informs the effectiveness of the program. Data to be collected includes demographics of the participants, training needs for staff, cause of teen homelessness, potential impact of the program, and areas that require improvements.
Concerns of the stakeholders
Staff work overload will be lessened by recruiting volunteers in the program who can help with basic activities. The staff will also receive additional training to equip them with the necessary skills and expertise to perform their duties. Participants' concerns relating to discrimination will be addressed by establishing policies that ensure that everybody is accommodated within the program. Staff in collaboration with volunteers will be sensitized on sensitive issues such as acknowledging and respecting participants' needs, cultures, and sexual orientation. Concerns of the community will be addressed through appropriate interventions such as enrolling homeless youth struggling with addiction in rehabilitation centers (Winiarski et al., 2021) . The program will also develop succession plans to assure shareholders, particularly funders and the community of program continuity. The program will also ensure timely disclosure of all financial and other relevant material that addresses stakeholders' concerns that they may not be obtaining pertinent data for making decisions.
Donors will only fund or refund the program if there is transparency in program accounting processes. Therefore, the program will ensure transparency in its accounting process to reinforce donors' confidence in the program. The program team will also demonstrate the impact and relevance of the program to the community. Bagheri et al. (2019) notes that donors are willing to fund a program whose outcomes are identifiable as well as measurable.
Conclusion
Program evaluation also enables the implementing entity to conduct a critical self-assessment and plan effectively for the future. Conducting a program evaluation within the entity or with an external evaluator is essential in building the entity’s capacity to perform a critical self-evaluation, including conducting personnel and program needs assessments, gauging implementing team performance, and evaluating whether program goals are being met (Dudley, 2020). This is important because it fortifies program processes and improves results for those aided.
References
Bagheri, A., Chitsazan, H., & Ebrahimi, A. (2019). Crowdfunding motivations: A focus on donors' perspectives. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 218-232.
Dudley, J. R. (2020). Social work evaluation: Enhancing what we do (3rd ed.) Oxford University Press.
Norman-Major, K. (2018). Thinking outside the box: Using multisector approaches to address the wicked problem of homelessness among LGBTQ youth. Public Integrity, 20(6), 546-557.
Samuels, G. M., Cerven, C., Curry, S., Robinson, S. R., & Patel, S. (2019). Missed Opportunities in Youth Pathways through Homelessness. Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago.
Winiarski, D. A., Glover, A. C., Bounds, D. T., & Karnik, N. S. (2021). Addressing Intersecting Social and Mental Health Needs Among Transition-Age Homeless Youths: A Review of the Literature. Psychiatric Services, 72(3), 317-324.
,
5
Planning A Needs Assessment 11
Tolulope I. Moses
Master of Social Work, Walden University
SOCW 6311
Dr. Ashley Nazon
April 22, 2022
Planning and Needs assessment
Over forty-million adults in America who identified as caregivers often find themselves stressed and overwhelmed with caregiving roles. They offer care on a full-time or part-time basis for persons –usually, family members who need assistance with their day-to-day activities due to their illness. They have a common need that needs to be addressed, such as counseling, support, problem sharing, recognition in some cases, and socializing (Mohile et al., 2020). Conducting a needs assessment is critical to unveiling the needs of caregivers and addressing them accordingly.
The resources needed to operate this service
Resources needed to offer support to caregivers include respite care, financial support, emotional support, and medical aid. Respite care lessens caregivers caring responsibilities. It aids relieve their stress and maintaining their health. Respite care through volunteer programs helps caregivers perform their duties with less stress. Caregiving is often financially draining. As such, caregivers, especially those on a full-time basis require financial support to lessen the cost associated with caregiving (Fernandes et al., 2018). The National Family Caregiver Support Program, for instance, is a great resource for providing financial support to caregivers offering care for people aged sixty years and above. Emotional support is another great resource needed to operate a support program for caregivers. According to Fernandes et al. (2018), caregivers can benefit immensely from emotional and psychological support. Family and friends can be a great resource for offering emotional support to caregivers. Online support groups are also great avenues for offering emotional support to caregivers. Caregivers have little medical knowledge and often rely on medical experts to carry out their duties. Medical support through Medicare is instrumental in providing support to caregivers, which in turn improves their service delivery.
The program activities
Program activities for caregivers include Psychoeducation group activities, process-oriented activities, support group activities, and mindfulness activities. Psychoeducation group activities are forms of group activities that involve sharing information with caregivers. These activities include teaching caregivers healthy coping skills and creating a healthy environment for sharing and getting support. These activities are led by an experienced instructor who takes control of the group conversation and sets the goals for the group. In process-oriented activities, the facilitator leads the caregiver team but allows them to take center stage (White et al., 2018). The facilitator avails activities, projects, or discussions that members must complete. Process-oriented activities give caregivers members a sense of belonging and accomplishment which bolsters their self-esteem and builds trust and willingness to be among other people. Support group activities make it easier for caregivers to get them ready for meeting sessions.
The desired outcomes
Psychoeducation group activities will help create a safe space for caregivers to share information and get the needed support. Through these activities, caregivers will be equipped with healthy coping skills that enhance the quality of care they give (Frias et al., 2020). Since process-oriented activities offer an opportunity for members to share information, it gives members a sense of belonging. Support Group activities will provide a platform where members share information and get the support they need. It also offers a platform for obtaining advice or information regarding treatment options (Frias et al., 2020). Support group activities also help caregivers feel less lonely and isolated, which translates into improved quality of care.
A plan for gathering information about the population served
Most caregivers are found in hospitals and nursing homes; hence they will be ideal for gathering data. Data will be gathered by interviewing the focus groups and administering questionnaires with pre-coded questions about self-care, available resources, the support they receive, and their overall wellbeing (Siraj-Blatchford, 2020). Questionnaires are beneficial to respondents because they offer a faster way of collecting gather, and they are also economical and easier to analyse (Siraj-Blatchford, 2020). Where caregivers can be reached physically, interviews will be used as a way of data collection. Questionnaires are limited because the respondents are required to address pre-coded questions. Interviews will help gather in-depth information from respondents.
Justifications for your plans and decisions
Questionnaires will be used because they are economical, convenient to use, and highly scalable. Questionnaires also improve data accuracy levels. Since it may not be easy to get all the caregivers to one place, online questionnaires can be used to offer flexible ways of gathering data since respondents have the autonomy to choose where and when to complete the questionnaire. Since respondents find it difficult in conveying their feelings and emotions, direct interviews will be used to collect data where caregivers members can be reached (Siraj-Blatchford, 2020). Furthermore, interviews are effective in capturing emotions and behaviors. It also helps to capture both verbal non-verbal-ques, which are all vital in aiding needs assessment for caregivers.
Conclusion
In order to ascertain whether the needs of the caregivers are being addressed, questionnaires can be sent to recipients to identify whether the needs of the assessment are being addressed as proposed in the program evaluation. The effectiveness of service offered to caregivers during group activities can be used to gauge whether the needs of caregivers are being met by the program. In a nutshell, post-assessment activities will be used as a follow-up to the needs assessment of the implementation of the program evaluation.
References
Fernandes, C. S., Margareth, Â., & Martins, M. M. (2018). Family caregivers of dependent elderly: same needs, different contexts–a focus group analysis. Geriatrics, Gerontology and Aging, 12(1), 31-37.
Frias, C. E., Garcia‐Pascual, M., Montoro, M., Ribas, N., Risco, E., & Zabalegui, A. (2020). Effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention for caregivers of people with dementia with regard to burden, anxiety and depression: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 76(3), 787-802.
Mohile, S., Dumontier, C., Mian, H., Loh, K. P., Williams, G. R., Wildes, T. M., … & Shahrokni, A. (2020). Perspectives from the Cancer and Aging Research Group: Caring for the vulnerable older patient with cancer and their caregivers during the COVID-19 crisis in the United States. Journal of geriatric oncology, 11(5), 753-760.
Siraj-Blatchford, J. (2020). Surveys and questionnaires: An evaluative case study. In Doing early childhood research (pp. 223-238). Routledge.
White, C. L., Overbaugh, K. J., Pickering, C. E., Piernik-Yoder, B., James, D., Patel, D. I., … & Cleveland, J. (2018). Advancing Care for Family Caregivers of persons with dementia through caregiver and community partnerships. Research Involvement and Engagement, 4(1), 1-7.
,
6
Outlining a Logic Model
Tolulope I. Moses
Master of Social Work, Walden University
SOCW 6311
Dr. Ashley Nazon
April 15, 2022
Practice-Level Logic Model Outline
Putting into Consideration the problem and challenges of the Patrakis family, there is need to create a therapy session that will maintain a healthy family dynamic that will address challenges collaboratively with the input of family members. Getting a reliable caregiver and income support, as well as medication and nutrition, can also help address Helen’s underlying problems. Interventions result from effective management of stress and anxiety by Helen will enable her to get needed support.
Problem |
Needs |
Underlying Causes |
Intervention Activities |
Outcomes |
Helen has elevated levels of stress, disquiet, and back pain. She is also faced with medication management issues, Hellen does not know the best way of addressing her sons substance addiction and how she can secure a reliable support system for her mother-in-law |
Hellen needs to know how she can manage her anxiety, address her son addiction issues Family support system Magda care |
Lack of work-life balance. Hellen works full time, and she is tasked with performing most of the house chores as well as taking care of Magda who lives in a different apartment. Lack of work-life balance is the cause of Helen's increased stress, anxiety, and back pain. Lack of family support and her son's addiction problems also contribute to Hellen’s health problems and the quality of care she offers to Magda. |
The cognitive restructuring will be used to identify and stop negative thoughts and feelings experienced by Hellen and replace them with desirable thoughts (Ciharova et al., 2021) Physical therapy will be used to ease Hellen’s back pain psychotherapy and counselling services to aid in reducing stress (Ciharova et al., 2021) |
The cognitive restructuring will help Reduce symptoms of stress and anxiety disorders (Ciharova et al., 2021) Physical therapy will lead to Pain management with reduced need for opioids (Ciharova et al., 2021) Fall prevention Enhance mobility and movement Psychotherapy will improve Helen's relationship with her family and also enhance her mental health. |
Program-Level Logic Model Outline
Problem |
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