Description of how the activity contributed to your professional development. (Need half page). Use assignment 1 word file. No outside sources.? For

Air, housing. Moreover, invertebrate herbivores and you will see that this sprays down where you can almost. It's almost unobservable. That's how much crazy pressure is on it. And then these grades are very rapidly eaten by bigger things like groupers and sharks. So once you get. A flux of energy. I mean, it is underlined captured by the sea of the coral. And then that goes. The grazers go into what we call the starting shaft, so we're living in our team. Yeah. With everything. Answer. This system is. So you get the energy from the sunlight captured by these main organisms here going to the crazy. Add, of course, the first thing that humans do and are most destructive or race is we actually killed this. Sharks and groupers, right? This is just some data. All right. And this is an example. Where we got, where we measured the biomass of the chart. Different areas, different types of chains in the Central Pacific. And every place. One problem is. And then going. My access is the amount of fire. In the grade. Areas highlight places with no human influences or few human influences, and then in the white partner Start, humans are common fishing. It's not their passports, so this would be a chance improvers are dramatic with the RR. Really produced in places where people go to. This is probably the company. Since the Second World War, and that's because there were many technologies developing really loud during the Second World War. And so we're left with these systems that are over there and what that looks like. Yes, yes, this is how it changes the food. With. And razors and that let's figure out. Start. And produces a whole bunch of sugar. That's the main thing. It's doing emphasis, and the more server it produces, the more it can feed microbes that we call this server. The water dissolved carbon. You can just think of the sugar. And then you get larger microbial communities and constancies, which kill off the coral. Which creates more space for the. Which creates more sugar, more microbes, than more disease. And so this positive feedback system is what killed, not risk. We comment down on disease. Microbes. This whole process of making more micros as a cost of the bigger organisms, like the Sharks Tampa group, is called micro. And this is just so your know-how. So these are all these islands we worked on. In the central Pacific, so everywhere from and down into the line. And discover a wide variety of bold biogeochemical and human occupations sites, and what we'll do is we will go out, and one part of the team will count the fix, and so they lay down their line on the bottom. And they go along that line. They count the number of steps that are square meters above that. Species. There's another team that goes down. They check the types of coral and algae, how much is on the bottom, and then finally, the microbiologist. We go down and we get a sample of water, and then we break that Max. We can tell how big the bacteria are. How many of them are so it's every now with this what we're getting with the fish. Anyway, give me something. Add. I'm not gonna go through this actually hurt things of this nature. What's important to remember is that small organisms require more energy. Body mass. So that's why there's a lot more energy. Per gram. And roughly speaking, about 1 gram of microbes is about the equivalent of 500 grams the fish. We are giving systems where. Normally we never have even 500 grams of fish in the water column, so any increase in the microbes is pretty dramatic, and this is put into something that just is called microbial, or so we're just saying how much energy is going into. Running into them into their favorite organisms and we plan against another way of measuring. And when I want you to do this, it's not. There's a really strong positive for olation. And when you're in a Microbialite system. This is a lot. All of the energy is going into microbes, and nothing is going in, and if you're not a nice Christine system like taking went down here at the bottom. Actually goes into the office. And the reason is it's a cool biology sort of trailer. So this is a picture of the bottom and. Everything's probably seen this in like a pawn. So what happens with algae is doing photosynthesis. It produces sugar and oxygen. But in the case of the oxygen bubbles, so once you get into the enrichment of sugar and you lose oxygen. Quarrels are different because of quarrels. And they have inside them, they help. And so when? The server and the oxygen go directly to the animal and so that they're always connected. So you'll always have oxygen. It sounds like he used to do respiration. That's what we all are doing. Here. Here we've got strong. So what is happening is word deoxygenating the core race of the world, and God is a system where like. This is what it looks like and the artistic version of it. So healthy coral reefs have lots of big fish, and they are doing a lot of grazing the. About comedy. Retain oxygen. System. Overfishing reduces the grazing rates on Algy. You get more oxygen bubbles away from that policy and the organic carbon accumulates, which stimulates alpha genes and kills. Global stressors like higher water temperature and insert ification actually increased us because microbes actually grow faster than the water temperature goes up. Hot water holds less oxygen, and acidification actually makes it easier for them to eat. Organic carbon that's in the water. So all of these things are working on getting this appropriate. The challenge that we're working against. So why don't we? This is, you know, this is a relevant question. So why I told me. But people like. So the estimated value is something about $10 billion per year. The other thing that's important when coral reefs live course is actually coastal protection, and this one may be even more probable than. If you don't have your ocean road. So you don't want to build. With my mind, you don't want to build things to protect your short line with the cross of doing that. Fisheries, of course, are also important. And then finally, one thing that people are interested in, it is how the biodiversity contributes to possible. So when is that? How many species have? Drugs are the property. So the answers to that, so this isn't how we approached it. The working group would go out and we would set up these things called farms. And. It's about 5000 times. And this is what they look like after they've been out there. So they're full of all these beautiful little invertebrates, and some vertebrates, like all the crowds and crowds and so forth, as well as all these things. Quarrels. From sponges? Recognizing a whole bunch of stuff here. So we take this stop and test. We're biologists. We feel like what we do is make spray all of it together. We put in a big blender and we sequenced the DNA to tell you what types of things are there. And then we take them also. To see. Potential therapeutic drugs. Overall, what we've seen is that there are 2.5 million species on the arms of new collected, and each arm will literally have 10s of thousands of species. This is just the way of God. This is a number that tells you whether they turn first or not, so it's used by Brantley just in general. It's called the standard weaker diversity and what I'd like to point out is that are actually extremely diverse. They're the most diverse ecosystems we've ever observed. So ready for us with. And in then the coral triangle area, we're seeing the diversity of about 6. The other thing to do is to predict how many arms we would need to capture most of the diversity and what we're finding is that maybe 100,000 arms would be enough to capture most of the world. This project, which is called the coral Reef Parks project. The idea is if you would deploy these arms for three to five years. You would grab them and you would transfer them to the superstructures, which we call arts. And then we would take the arts and we would take are them in places at safe places. If they get away from that microbial isation sort of stressors. And then we would have different. We would put series arcs together to create things called art parts. And the idea here would be that you would recover most of the ecosystem function of an attack or rate, but they would be in new places. They will see each other, and even he used to be able to restore or create new or risk different parts that world. So what does it take to actually do this? So this is the coral that this side criterion that we would need. So first they have to see where they write, they have to be out there and they have to be inexpensive. We have to be able to do the main thing we know is that they have to increase the local oxygen for all those microbial isation things we talked about and we want them to recruit positions. So this is from looks like or. This is at other types this it's constructed out of PVC, fiberglass and stainless steel. This is what types we made for. Recently, like Satan looked up around and the reason we chose these structures, there's a whole bunch of things that are structure. It takes very good, but geodesic to make a very strong structure. The other thing is, is we tend to use, we want them to be small and able to move them around because if I when I'm using a large boat, it's gonna cost me $50,000 a day. All boats. It will cost me some pizza and maybe $50 of gas. So we tend to use what these small structures and then just use multiple points. Want to learn? So we're working hypothesis now is that the correct geometry will be as sufficient to meet these initial design criteria, which I said word oxygen recruitment. So it's sitting on the first we built the structure and then we put different types of harm ish sort of things on there. In this case, this is a DNA-looking italics, and they're very few poles, our places. And that becomes important because we're comparing it to something of the same. But have a whole bunch of different sizes in it and this is what we call this. One works out fidelity and what we put is things that are like the arms. Different sizes, so that's what's going on in the two popcorns here. These are arms with different hole sizes in them for different things. So what happened to that? So that's the primary design criteria. So if we look at the arts things on the arts, what we see is the oxygen level. So this is the oxygen is on the Y axis. Time is going faster. And we're comparing the arts. And what we'll see, what we see is that. Is it always? Thing that takes off the bottom or get higher oxygen things. We're also checking to see if in these arms, so we probably number these different sizes inside the arms. Do we get the same oxygen levels? And again, this is just looking at oxygen on the side. The Y axis and these are different time series and then the different bar graphs are just the oxygen that we measure in the different sizes and what you'll notice is that there's really no difference. So we're basically seeing the same with oxygen. That means even if the smallest size is not creating conditions where the animals and stuff are experienced love. Now the other design is. Recruit. Racers and so this is the two that are in the first stop. So here's the deal. And you'll notice that there's actually just a lot more fish around. With quantified this by sending stupid divers out, and again it's the same idea that we use when we're doing surveys in the world. You know how. You you scratch it off with things on the bottom where you say this is this same volume that they are. So here's the volume measure. This is where we're measuring they are, which you can see in here, and then this is a control sign up just in the water column. And again, we do that thing where we count the number that we identify the species and we get about the size as well as what they do, whether they eat other fish or. Aren't they grazers? But yeah. Two months, we actually get more of this on the art. Then we get on the sea floor or the the one column. And so incisor coming out there tend to block belong to the plate. Divorce. So these are guys that like to eat. And so they like this structure or if they can hide. From project. Yeah, The thing is. So this remember in this case we just set things out. We haven't added arms yet, they have that. We're just seeing what is colonizing that systems. So initially when we start, of course we have fewer, we have more Burger Burger City on the sea floor and less on the arts within the first month like the second month though actually starting to get quite different. On the on the arts and these are just some examples. There's lots of worms. And most importantly, our kids grazers like the sea urchins. So we're seeing just the structure itself is recruiting a whole bunch of invertebrate diversity and they're doing that job we want. They're going through in their braces. So this is the Gracie marks. Yard. So what we have now is a structure that can see where they. It does increase the local oxygen conditions and a recruits on deficient in from razors for helping control being that problem. We don't put on it, so this is just where we see the top of one of the arms on the Ark. And just to see how well supported doing so, are we creating a system where the crowds are happy? This is easy and this is a way of measuring. Go down any measure the the further synthetic output of the algae living in the coral and that's what's plotted on the Y axis. And then what you can see is that when we take the coral and we look at them over time, the ones that are on the. Better than the ones that are sitting on the bottom. Currently we're doing a whole bunch of research into different types of geometries, materials and so forth, so the prototypes are built out of plastic. We wanna get away from lots of building things. In a sustainable way. So we're doing a whole bunch of testing out different types of materials as well as arrangements to further the goal of getting recruitment and building the sustainable structures. We're also looking at budget word. Hearing around town and this whole question type and it mostly that of course. And then this is where we think it's going. So we've got the plugin structures which we could use to build our parts, which would be for conservation. Away from or get that. Systems away from work. And then using these structures of variants and then to build things that are new. And this would just be basically stopped the arts onto each other. Alright, so that's a good place for me to stop with this part of the talk. Do you guys have any questions before I go on to the second part?

So because my computer right? So. If you drop sugar. Insert water and you absolutely and and then you shut off the oxygen. So that's effectively what's happening at the coral reef level. It's not quite as dramatic as that, because of course, there's water coming, new water coming in to bring in some oxygen. But overall, you are accumulated organic matter into tritis affectively and then the bacteria are quite happy to chill out. And they use up the oxygen as a delete and then unlike so animals and so forth can't really do anything without extra oxygen around. So the microbes can use other electron acceptor's. So they can actually use up the argument they they can use organic matter. But they can also use organic matter without oxygen, and when they do that, the system is suboxic and it's really very bad for most animals at that point. Yeah. Thank you. Cool. Alright, so I'll move on and this this part is short. It's it's. Everything. So we're dealing with a lot at the moment. So one of the real problems is everybody is aware of is that we're releasing a whole bunch of. And this is just today. These model predictions of where we would expect CHORALS to be stressed. If we keep releasing. Change in temperature water temperature so you can see in my bed. You know 2050 we would really be getting very substantial stress events all over the world. So the way that you can one way you could remediate this is of course. Capture this in using biology and then seeking it. If you place this. So this is called the biological pump. It's one of the main ways that remove from the atmosphere and So what you have is. Is it equilibrium when the water and then if you have something doing for the synthesis in the water it will capture that CO2 and then if you could get it to sink to the bottom, you depending on what parts of the ocean. Get down to two dot CO2 to be sequestered from our. Hundreds of thousands of billions of years, so when we actually mean is something like the tree, it will sync after. So this is the scale of the problem. At the rate we're going, we're going to be really, really see 50. Steel per year and the possible solution is something like these being like a telephone. Answer about my program. How many of these things would I need to capture all of this? You come up with this really large number. And this is how we're actually approaching it. So it's pretty easy to get the help to form sports. So you can get really. In an hour, and then we could. So we're building the systems that coupled us to what we call a statement. So that help floats in the water column. So like a plan and what we're doing is we're building a system or systems where this help. Patches to one side of a couple and then the sinker. The clamps attach the other side just by using different. And you create this little structure which doesn't come up, that there is effectively a. It designed system where you have a little kelp sport or can I little kelp from attached to it and you like this girl overtime and this floats and this photosynthesis until at some point the secrets and causes the system to cloud. Sing.

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Everywhere. It wasn't like that at the beginning. All of that took a lot of advocacy. It took a lot of stories. We had a regional site in Worcester State. Have a mobile vaccination and testing people don't know that but here because of that couple of calls again people can't go. They created a website, a website they had to figure out it was like 10 pages long. Sign up for vaccination to sign up for this, and then they expect that people don't wanna get tested. You made it so difficult. So we did advocacy around that. We did sign on letters, we met, we liked it, officials. We held them legislative briefing, which is when you invite all of the state delegation and you tell them what the issue is. And we got funding to create this vaccination clinic so that they can go into the communities so that I didn't have to navigate because having had that stop privilege having Internet privilege and it was an English privilege, right. Like all of these sort of burdens all of that is advocacy. And you might be thinking. What does all of this have to do with advocacy? It's pretty simple. In the work that I do like I said, I started with. I do put security, but I see such a interconnection with everything around me, whereas like. Why is it that we had a household for two months? They kept getting sick. And they couldn't go outside to work, right? 'cause. They're sick. And they have to quarantine, right? They make this mandate. Oh, everyone stay in. My life changed for the better and I hate saying that because I didn't have to commute. I got to stay in my country home. I had, you know, my Internet. I got spent time with my puppies. I love my dogs and I didn't have to come into work or wear shoes and but that wasn't the story for everyone else. And people didn't talk about that right from my workers. How to do that. And they didn't talk about that. And then sort of think about that when you're saying you have to work. What about when you have kids? You know, my colleagues were were were fortunate to say we're in a two parent household. We're OK one of us will quit and so on. But sort of happened. And instead of seeing that it connected, God really involved with the community to figure out how do we allocate local plants. How do we? Advocate for more federal funding and state funding to help our communities to make sure that women previous particular women with kids were affected. Right. Can't work, so wants to take care of the kiddos. Could have childcare and we just came up with various programs. And it was just really. I wanna say that you can be focused on something, but advocacy just really stands from what am I passionate about? How is it connected to what you're doing and how do I move forward with this? I will say that some of the best practices are and maybe this is just me and my own personal experience is building relationships. They are so important. I can't tell you how incredibly fortunate we are to have the state delegation that we do. Text them, call them Gina. What can we do? What can we do? But the reason why they pick up the phone. The reason why they read those emails is because they see you in the community and they see that you care for the community and that you're not just calling and saying, oh, by the way, that bill, make sure you pass it. No, they see that you care for the past. So I will say, out of all of this. Relationships matter, because if you're not speaking from left experience and you are speaking from someone behalf that relationship and that trust to make sure that their story is held in a in a valuable case with respect. When I reach out to wonderful faces like I never would imagine when we were doing sign on letters to state agencies closed because of COVID right? What happens with people who don't have Internet? I remember there was this individual in his wheelchair going up and down Main Street. Can you help me fax this? Am I wearing fax it. They're gonna cut off my benefits if I don't fax this, I can't go in person because they're closed. So just think about individuals like that. But when you think about wonderful people like the boys and Girls Club, like the white dummy. I know Linda's not here. They're not just organization that you will never think that will be doing. A sign on letter asks volumes because you're coming in with the voice of the community and when you can have someone like. Your professor to say, look, I'm speaking on behalf of the parents of these kids that I have here that have these issues. But that only happens with relationships. I know it sounds like. What does that have to do with it? But I would say forget everything I said and build relationships, build relationships with people so you understand their story, their relationship with partners so that they can back you up. And if you have that trust, when you go see one of your legislators, you know, the first question they ask you who from my district is there? You can easily say, oh, Professor Hamilton. From the voice in girl clothes to a senior district. And these are the people that she represents. Do you get what I'm saying? All of that. But is relationships because they trust you. They trust that you're not going to take advantage of that story. And they trust the purpose that you're doing. They will be more willing to work with you. So when you get cell level your advocacy, they're already there. Then, if you're thinking of filing a bill, if you're thinking of asking those of you who have not profits. Of an earmark? Do you guys have earmarks, right? Not just the large nonprofits to be getting earmarks, right? You know, Senator Warren's office just and then come the our respondents, you know, right. It is open for earmarks. Sarah Marquez was a couple of months ago. Right. You can ask for half a million, $1,000,000. I just can't. Earlier today where we were able to get our own center. Hunger on college campuses? That doesn't happen with our relationships and without support. So I'm saying those who already have non profits. There's a nonprofit here in Worcester who doesn't really do put IT security, but they're saying we do. They got a $2 million earmark because it's not really aware that, sorry. Can I set that? No. There's advocacy in. That's it. But what I'm saying is that. If you develop those relationships and this is what add advocacy could do that I may not happen in, I might not be golfing with some of these folks, but we have to trust that the community where we can move these issues forward. So with new would not profit earmarks. Remember that you remember anything around this, but you have to show that you care in the community and that you have done a good job in the community. In order to get this and they have earmarks not just at the federal level, but they haven't got the state level. And at the state level, if you already the state budget. People don't really read it, but you'll see it. The snow is so from this town. Got it earmarked for like 50,000 for like the Autobahn Society. There's nothing wrong with the Autobahn society to say so. I still gotta earmarked for like $20,000 for this animal shelter, but people don't pay attention. I mean, if you ask your parents and ask them like. It's really part of the advocacy because when you have those voices behind you, you can say we are asking for this and I'm not saying that our particular issues are more important than others. So when you have sort of that that backing, it's easier for us to ask for those clear Marks and actually get them because it does take a lot of advocacy. So advocacy just takes various levels. The last thing I would say is like for example, right now at the local level, are you guys familiar with DARPA? What do you know about it? So a lot of money distributed after the pandemic. Sources across America and I forget how much. I think the schools themselves only got like a million little left. That's good. 1010. Let's go. Let's go. It's so hot. Do you see? You you need to hear that part right. Because then we think we need to give my daughter. We gonna do with it in the history of Worcester Public Schools is the most money they've ever had. As long as it's used for what's best needed for the youth, you should have a voice regarding what's needed, as should the families and as long as that's incorporated, then I'm sure it can be well spent and collaboration isn't free, and they also should be then good collaborators by sharing their wealth. Other nonprofits that are supporting the work also get paid. I remember seeing the grafted with food security was a low margin, but like only 5% it was small but other things funnel into that too though. So let's separate it with school. Gotta come out of money. Like this is just they never seen that money. And if I new live here, we need to talk about that, right? Or what's happening with that money, right? The other piece is the city got 150 plus $1,000,000. And they're gonna get bored. State budget. You know, the the state got bite billion not million feet. Like, that's a lot of money. And they have some in reserves. They allocate esag, so the cities are gonna get more, but once they got 150 million because of the work that we're involved with is they started doing community sessions. End them again. They did it when there was no child care, and many advocates were, like you need to do a better job. So the boys and girls can. We hope we provided. Yes, they did, absolutely. You're not biased, right? But it was just, you know, we worked really hard and some advocates, you know, we talk about advocacy. They were gonna give the community 3 million and then 10 million. We were able to get 53. To say the other money is gonna go to the community, but what I mean that the community means that we have to say where the money is gonna go, and I'm gonna call that everything because we went for three million to 10 million to 53 million and so a lot we have been advocating the background. Sometimes you think advocacy has to be really poor front. I like to be in the background. I like to be in those meetings and say. You have to push. We have to do the right thing. If you don't want people to go in front of City Hall or protest. But you know, we were able to tell them unique community invoice and they were able to create have be an open process for the people to distribute this money to be community members. And so we got a lot of outreach around that and our hope is that in the next few weeks, they'll be in RP process. But we're working in the in the background, ensuring that this again advocacy that is equitable, definitely we're gonna have access to it, that it doesn't just go to the large nonprofits and there's nothing wrong with large nonprofits, but there are grassroots organizations. Can't afford a development officer and writing brands in this type of work? It's a skill set that we don't talk about of why, no, I seen that constantly getting funded because I know the system and I know how this works and I this is my job to do it. But as any of you who have nonprofits who has a nonprofit, I'm curious you haven't. Right. Soccer World Cup, right? As someone who also has a small nonprofit. I can tell you that you have twenty different roles and it's really difficult to really focus on that. And that's sort of the role that I play also within. Working with foundations to make sure that they push around this piece, so I've spoken a lot. I wonder if you have any questions. The last thing I will say is that. There's the Africa. See what you sort of think on the screen, the advocacy where we talk about legislative briefings, the advocacy where you talk about sort of bills and as the advocacy around relationships that we spoke about and at the local level, that you could do. But there's so many ways of creating advocacy in a way that is genuine in a way that it has impact and in a way that it respects the stories and the voices. Of those on our represent that one thing that I would say is that. Always look around the room. And if everyone looks like you, that's an issue. Bring people, then. Share the air. Consult with people with lived experience. Notice what I said that because we're willing to pay consultants so much money to come in, but individuals would left. Experience will shape our policies. We don't compensate them for their time or their effort. And then we wonder why they're not at the table. Think about that. When you're doing your out of the sea and I hope they do it differently in that way. And I'll go back to again, relationships with the people you're serving relationships with the people that you're advocating. And relationships with the partners that you're working around? Because you can't do this by yourself and follow through. I think that's one of the biggest things follow through because once you lose, trust is really difficult to get it back. But. And then the last thing I'll say, this happens in. My own career, don't forget to advocate for yourself. I have wonderful colleagues are like these big time civil rights attorneys and then something happens in their own personal life or work and I'm like. Come on. What about you? We're still busy advocating for everyone else. That sometimes we forget ourselves. So don't forget to advocate for yourself, because you can't give what you don't have, so if you're add talks, toxic environment is going to affect the work that you do. So I always say that and not to exclude, but take those of you who identify as women. You are less likely to advocate for yourselves. Really wanna push them there? It's really have to be intentional in advocating in those spaces, but ticularly for yourself so that you get those opportunities. The things that we do not to exclude those who identify

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