Hypokalemia and Hypocalcemia Case-Study

Hypokalemia and Hypocalcemia Case-Study

Hypokalemia and Hypocalcemia Case-Study

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Question 11. Montelukast (Singulair) may be prescribed for: A six-year-old with exercise-induced asthma. A two-year-old with moderate persistent asthma. An eighteen-month-old with seasonal allergic rhinitis. None of the above; montelukast is not approved for use in children. Question 12. Christy has exercise and mild persistent asthma and is prescribed two puffs of albuterol fifteen minutes before exercise and as needed for wheezing. One puff per day of beclomethasone (Qvar) is also prescribed. Teaching regarding her inhalers includes which one of the following? She should use one to two puffs of albuterol per day to prevent an attack, with no more than eight puffs per day. Beclomethasone needs to be used every day to treat her asthma. She should report any systemic side effects she is experiencing, such as weight gain. She should use the albuterol MDI immediately after her corticosteroid MDI to facilitate bronchodilation. Question 13. Prior to developing a plan for the treatment of asthma, the patient’s asthma should be classified according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Expert Panel 3 guidelines. In adults, mild-persistent asthma is classified as asthma symptoms that occur: Daily Daily and limit physical activity Less than twice a week More than twice a week and less than once a day Question 14. Metoclopramide improves GERD symptoms by: Reducing acid secretion Increasing gastric pH Increasing lower esophageal tone Decreasing lower esophageal tone Question 15. Harold, a forty-two-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should he use cautiously, if at all? Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier Question 16. Patients who are on chronic long-term PPI therapy require monitoring for: Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12, and calcium deficiency Folate and magnesium deficiency Elevated uric acid levels leading to gout Hypokalemia and hypocalcemia Question 17. Decongestants such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed): Are Schedule III drugs in all states Should not be prescribed or recommended for children under four years of age Are effective in treating the congestion children experience with the common cold May cause drowsiness in patients of all ages Question 18. Antacids treat GERD by: Decreasing lower esophageal tone Increasing gastric pH Inhibiting gastric acid secretion Increasing the serum calcium level Question 19. Education of patients with COPD who use inhaled corticosteroids includes the following: They should double the dose at the first sign of a upper respiratory infection. They should use the inhaled corticosteroid first and then the bronchodilator. They should rinse their mouths after use. They should not smoke for at least thirty minutes after use. Question 20. Asthma exacerbations at home are managed by the patient by: Increasing the frequency of beta 2 agonists and contacting his or her provider Doubling inhaled corticosteroid dose Increasing the frequency of beta 2 agonists Starting montelukast (Singulair)

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