Quiz and Study Notes: Employment Law – HRM 6302
1. 📜 Foundations of Employment Law
Sources of Law: Constitution, statutory law (e.g., Civil Rights Act), administrative regulations (EEOC), and case law.
Key Legal Branches:
Legislative: Creates employment laws.
Executive: Enforces laws via agencies like the EEOC.
Judicial: Interprets laws through court decisions.
2. ⚖️ Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (1964):
Prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Applies to employers with 15+ employees.
Protected Classes: Includes age (ADEA), disability (ADA), and genetic information (GINA).
EEOC Role: Investigates complaints, enforces compliance, and litigates violations.
3. 🚫 Discrimination & Harassment
Types of Discrimination:
Disparate Treatment: Intentional discrimination.
Disparate Impact: Policies that unintentionally harm protected groups.
Harassment:
Quid Pro Quo: Employment benefits tied to submission to harassment.
Hostile Work Environment: Severe or pervasive conduct creating an abusive atmosphere.
4. 🧾 Employment Contracts & At-Will Doctrine
At-Will Employment: Employers can terminate employees for any reason not prohibited by law.
Exceptions:
Public policy violations.
Implied contracts.
Covenant of good faith and fair dealing.
5. 🛡️ Workplace Safety & Health
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act):
Requires employers to provide a safe workplace.
Enforces standards and conducts inspections.
6. 💰 Wage and Hour Laws
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA):
Sets minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor standards.
Defines exempt vs. non-exempt employees.
7. 👶 Family and Medical Leave
FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act):
Provides up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for qualifying reasons.
Applies to employers with 50+ employees.
8. 🧑🦽 Disability & Accommodation
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act):
Prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities.
Requires reasonable accommodations unless undue hardship.
9. 👥 Employee Privacy & Monitoring
Employers may monitor communications and activities within limits.
Must balance business interests with employee privacy rights.
10. 📄 Documentation & Compliance
Accurate recordkeeping is essential to defend against claims.
Policies should be clear, consistently enforced, and legally compliant.
📝 Quiz: Employment Law – HRM 6302
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
Which law prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?
A. ADA
B. Title VII
C. FMLA
D. OSHA
What agency enforces federal EEO laws?
A. OSHA
B. NLRB
C. EEOC
D. DOL
Which of the following is an example of disparate treatment?
A. A policy that unintentionally excludes older workers
B. Refusing to hire someone because of their religion
C. A neutral hiring test
D. Random drug testing
What is the maximum unpaid leave allowed under FMLA?
A. 6 weeks
B. 12 weeks
C. 18 weeks
D. 24 weeks
Which law governs workplace safety?
A. FLSA
B. OSHA
C. ADA
D. Title VII
What is a key requirement of the ADA?
A. Paid leave for illness
B. Equal pay for equal work
C. Reasonable accommodation
D. Mandatory retirement age
Which of the following is NOT a protected class under Title VII?
A. Race
B. Age
C. Religion
D. National origin
What does “at-will employment” mean?
A. Employees can leave at any time
B. Employers must give notice before termination
C. Employment is guaranteed for life
D. Employers can terminate without cause (unless illegal)
Which law sets minimum wage and overtime standards?
A. FMLA
B. FLSA
C. ADA
D. Title VII
What is quid pro quo harassment?
A. Harassment based on race
B. A hostile work environment
C. Employment benefits tied to sexual favors
D. Unintentional discrimination
Which branch interprets employment law?
A. Legislative
B. Executive
C. Judicial
D. Administrative
What is the purpose of the EEOC complaint process?
A. To punish employers
B. To investigate and resolve discrimination claims
C. To set wages
D. To regulate safety
What is a hostile work environment?
A. A workplace with low morale
B. A workplace with unsafe conditions
C. A workplace with pervasive harassment
D. A workplace with poor lighting
Which law protects against age discrimination?
A. ADA
B. ADEA
C. FMLA
D. Title VII
What is the best defense against discrimination claims?
A. Ignoring complaints
B. Verbal warnings
C. Clear documentation and consistent policies
D. Hiring only from referrals
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