Develop a disaster recovery plan to reduce health disparities and improve access to community services after a disaster. Then develop a brochure, storyboard,
Develop a disaster recovery plan to reduce health disparities and improve access to community services after a disaster. Then develop a brochure, storyboard, or poster communicating the plan for the local system, city officials, and the disaster relief team.
Develop a disaster recovery plan to reduce health disparities and improve access to community services after a disaster. Then develop a brochure, storyboard, or poster communicating the plan for the local system, city officials, and the disaster relief team.
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Introduction
Nurses perform a variety of roles and their responsibilities as healthcare providers extend to the community. The decisions we make daily and in times of crisis often involve the balancing of human rights with medical necessities, equitable access to services, legal and ethical mandates, and financial constraints. In the event of a major accident or natural disaster, many issues can complicate decisions concerning the needs of an individual or group, including understanding and upholding rights and desires, mediating conflict, and applying established ethical and legal standards of nursing care. As a nurse, you must be knowledgeable about disaster preparedness and recovery to safeguard those in your care. As an advocate, you are also accountable for promoting equitable services and quality care for the diverse community.
A comprehensive recovery plan, guided by the Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) framework and the National Incident Management System approach is essential to help ensure everyone’s safety. The unique needs of residents must be assessed to lessen health disparities and improve access to equitable services after a disaster.
Recovery efforts depend on the appropriateness of the plan, the extent to which key stakeholders have been prepared, quality of the communication, and the allocation of available resources. In a time of cost containment, when personnel and resources may be limited, the needs of residents must be weighed carefully against available resources.
In this assessment, you are a community task force member who is responsible for developing a disaster recovery plan for the community you have focused on in earlier assessments using the CERC for your crisis communication plan, which you will present to city officials and the disaster relief team. You will use the community from your windshield survey OR you may select a community from the document provided in this assessment.
Note: Complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.
Preparation
For this assessment, you will use the community from your windshield survey OR you may select a community from the Assessment 3 Supplement: Disaster Recovery Plan [PDF] . You will then develop a brochure, storyboard, or poster communicating the plan for the local system city officials, and the disaster relief team.
Instructions
Use the following steps to gather the information you need to create your disaster recovery plan. Then follow the grading criteria as the guide for what to include and how to structure your brochure, storyboard, or poster.
1. Develop a disaster recovery plan for the community that will lessen health disparities and improve access to services after a disaster. Refer back to the community chosen for your health promotion plan.
· Assess community needs.
· Consider resources, personnel, budget, and community makeup.
· Identify the people accountable for implementation of the plan and describe their roles.
· Focus on specific Healthy People 2030 objectives.
· Include a timeline for the recovery effort.
2. Focus on the following areas in your crisis communication plan:
· Information gathering.
· This is critical not only to promote situational awareness but also to receive feedback on messages and how they are received and interpreted. Media monitoring and analysis, including social media, is a central function because the media remains a source of timely information during any crisis. Close coordination with other response agencies and partners, and their public information officers (PIOs), to gather the most current information is also critical.
· Use the demographic data and specifics related to the disaster to identify the needs of the community and develop a recovery plan. Consider physical, emotional, cultural, and financial needs of the entire community.
· Information dissemination.
· This includes using a variety of channels to reach multiple audiences. These activities include general media relations, working with designated spokespersons, organizing news conferences, and providing briefings and updates. Inquiries and questions from the general public must also be addressed and should be documented through contact logs. In addition, officials and other key leaders must be briefed. These information dissemination activities should extend to web support and social media.
· Operation support.
· This involves a variety of communication activities, including addressing special needs and multilingual audiences through translation and other services. Facilities’ support activities involve ensuring sufficient communications capacity to support operations.
· Liaisons.
· They can provide two-way communication and coordination with key stakeholders and partners. Close coordination is necessary to achieve an effective response and create consistent messages.
· Provide support for your position.
· Include in your plan contact tracing of the homeless, disabled, displaced community members, migrant workers, and those who have hearing impairment or English as a second language in the event of severe tornadoes.
3. Develop a brochure, storyboard, or poster of your disaster recovery plan. You can use one of the free templates available on the Brochure Design Templates web page, storyboard, or poster templates.
The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion in the scoring guide to see how your work will be assessed.
· Describe determinants of health and cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact community safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts.
· Consider the interrelationships among these factors.
· Explain how your proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services.
· Consider principles of social justice and cultural sensitivity with respect to ensuring health equity for individuals, families, and aggregates in the community.
· Explain how health and governmental policy impacts disaster recovery efforts in a community.
· Consider the implications of legislation for community members such as the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA), Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, and 2018 Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA).
· Consider trace-mapping the community progress during the recovery phase. (You can consult the resources in the Contact Tracing reading list for more information about contact trace-mapping.)
· Present specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework.
· Consider how your proposed strategies will affect members of the disaster relief team, individuals, families, and aggregates in the community.
· Identify evidence that supports your strategies.
· Organize content with clear purpose/goals and with relevant and evidence-based sources (published within 5 years).
· Make sure your choice of a brochure, storyboard, or poster is easy to read and error-free.
· Develop your assessment with a specific purpose and audience in mind.
· Adhere to scholarly and disciplinary writing standards and APA formatting requirements.
Supporting Evidence
· Cite at least two articles from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications within the 5 past years to support your plan.
· Include data from the CDC, United States Census Bureau, and other government agencies.
Before submitting your assessment, proofread your brochure, storyboard, or poster to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it difficult for them to focus on the substance of your presentation.
Note: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact [email protected] to request accommodations.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
· Competency 1: Analyze health risks and healthcare needs among distinct populations.
· Describe the determinants of health and the cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community.
· Competency 2: Propose health promotion strategies to improve the health of populations.
· Present specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts.
· Competency 3: Evaluate health policies, based on their ability to achieve desired outcomes.
· Explain how health and governmental policy impact disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework.
· Competency 4: Integrate principles of social justice in community health interventions.
· Explain how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services.
· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead health promotion and improve population health.
· Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
· Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.
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Scoring Guide
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
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Criterion 1
Describe the determinants of health and the cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community.
Distinguished
Describes determinants of health and the cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community. Clearly describes the interrelationships among these factors.
Proficient
Describes determinants of health and the cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community.
Basic
Identifies determinants of health that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community without regard to cultural, social, and economic barriers.
Non Performance
Does not describe determinants of health and the cultural, social, and economic barriers that impact safety, health, and disaster recovery efforts in a community.
Criterion 2
Explain how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services.
Distinguished
Explains how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services. Provides clear insight into how principles of social justice and cultural sensitivity help to ensure health equity for individuals, families, and aggregates within the community.
Proficient
Explains how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services.
Basic
Explains how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services, without regard to the needs of the entire community.
Non Performance
Does not explain how a proposed disaster recovery plan will lessen health disparities and improve access to community services.
Criterion 3
Explain how health and governmental policy impact disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework.
Distinguished
Explains how health and governmental policy impacts disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework. Articulates the logical policy implications for community members linked to specific policy provisions.
Proficient
Explains how health and governmental policy impacts disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework.
Basic
Explains how health and governmental policy impacts disaster recovery efforts without regard to the needs of the entire community or using the CERC framework.
Non Performance
Does not explain how health and governmental policy impacts disaster recovery efforts in a community using the CERC framework.
Criterion 4
Present specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts.
Distinguished
Presents specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts that are well supported with relevant and credible evidence. Articulates implications and potential consequences of proposed strategies.
Proficient
Presents specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts.
Basic
Presents strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts, without regard to the needs of the entire community.
Non Performance
Does not present specific, evidence-based strategies to overcome communication barriers and enhance interprofessional collaboration to improve disaster recovery efforts.
Criterion 5
Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
Distinguished
Organizes content with a clear purpose. Content flows logically with smooth transitions using coherent paragraphs, correct grammar/punctuation, word choice, and free of spelling errors.
Proficient
Organizes content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
Basic
Organizes content with some logical flow and smooth transitions. Contains errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
Non Performance
Does not organize content for ideas. Lacks logical flow and smooth transitions.
Criterion 6
Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.
Distinguished
Exhibits strict and flawless adherence to APA formatting of headings, in-text citations, and references. Quotes and paraphrases correctly.
Proficient
Applies APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.
Basic
Applies APA formatting to in-text citations, headings and references incorrectly and/or inconsistently, detracting noticeably from the content. Inconsistently uses headings, quotes, and/or paraphrasing.
Non Performance
Does not apply APA formatting to headings, in-text citations, and references. Does not use quotes or paraphrase correctly.
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Assessment3 – Disaster Recovery Plan
In this assessment, you will assume the role of the senior nurse at a regional hospital who has been assigned to develop a disaster recovery plan for the community using MAP-IT and trace- mapping, which you will present to city officials and the disaster relief team.
Before you complete the detailed instructions in the courseroom, first review the full scenario and associated data below. Please refer back to this resource as necessary while you complete your assessment.
Introduction
For a healthcare facility to be able to fill its role in the community, it must actively plan not only for normal operation, but also for worst-case scenarios which could occur. In such disasters, the hospital's services will be particularly crucial, even if the specifics of the disaster make it more difficult for the facility to stay open.
As the senior nurse at Red Oaks Medical Center, you play a vital role in ensuring the hospital's readiness for disasters and its ability to recover from them. The medical center administrator wants to discuss disaster preparedness and recovery with you. Before the conversation, it would be helpful to familiarize yourself with the background information on events that have occurred in Tall Oaks in recent years, including the involvement of the hospital.
Background
Investigate further for relevant background information.
Newspaper Article: “Devastating Flood Hits Tall Oaks: Small City Struggles to Recover” Tall Oaks Tribune
TALL OAKS, PA – The usually serene city of Tall Oaks faced nature's fury as a catastrophic flood wreaked havoc on its streets, homes, and landmarks. The flood, a result of unprecedented heavy rainfall combined with the swelling of the city's rivers, has left the community grappling with the aftermath.
Local authorities report that the floodwaters have affected over 60% of residential areas, with the neighborhoods of Willow Creek and Pine Ridge being the hardest hit. These areas, predominantly home to elderly residents and lower-income families, are now submerged, with many homes damaged beyond repair. The local community center, which served as a hub for senior activities and after-school programs, has also suffered significant damage.
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The city's infrastructure hasn't been spared either. Roads, especially those leading to the city's main hospital, Red Oaks Medical Center, are currently impassable, making it challenging for emergency services to reach those in need. The city's water treatment plant has also been compromised, leading to concerns about water contamination.
Local schools, including Tall Oaks Elementary and Riverside High, have been temporarily closed due to water damage, affecting over 2,000 students. The school board is currently in discussions about relocating students to nearby schools or implementing remote learning.
Local businesses, particularly those in the downtown area, are counting their losses. The floodwaters have not only damaged property but have also disrupted the local economy. The Tall Oaks Farmers Market, a significant source of income for local farmers, has been canceled for the foreseeable future.
However, amidst the devastation, the spirit of community shines bright. Residents have come together to support one another, with many opening their homes to those displaced by the flood. Local organizations and churches have set up relief centers, providing food, clothing, and shelter to those affected. Volunteers from neighboring cities have also poured in, assisting with rescue and recovery efforts.
Mayor Lydia Patterson addressed the city, stating, "While we face a challenging road to recovery, the resilience and unity of the Tall Oaks community have never been more evident. Together, we will rebuild and emerge stronger."
The state government has declared Tall Oaks a disaster area, making it eligible for federal aid. Residents are urged to stay updated through local news and to heed any evacuation or safety advisories.
Fact Sheet: Tall Oaks, PA
Population: 50,000 Median Household Income: $62,000 Percentage of Population Below Poverty Line: 20%
Racial/Ethnic Composition: White: 49% Black: 36% Hispanic 10% Two or more races: 2% Other race: 3%
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Race and Hispanic Origin White: 34% Black or African American: 32% American Indian and Alaska Native: 1% Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander: 2% Hispanic or Latino: 25% Two or More Races: 6%
Education High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+: 82.5% Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+: 22.5%
Health With a disability, under age 65 years: 13.7% Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years: 9.9%
Income & Poverty Median household income: $44,444 Per capita income in past 12 months: $24,094 Persons in poverty: 28.2%
Socioeconomic Status: The city has a diverse socioeconomic makeup, with a significant portion of the population falling into low-income brackets.
Vulnerable Populations: Tall Oaks is home to a substantial number of vulnerable populations, including elderly individuals, people with disabilities, and those living in poverty.
Infrastructure: The city's infrastructure includes residential areas, commercial establishments, schools, healthcare facilities, and transportation networks.
Impact of the Flood: The flood has caused widespread devastation throughout Tall Oaks. The torrential waters have submerged residential areas, leading to the displacement of many residents. The floodwaters have also damaged critical infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and utility systems, exacerbating the challenges faced by the city.
Response and Recovery Efforts: In the wake of this disaster, local authorities, emergency management agencies, and community organizations have come together to initiate response and recovery efforts. The primary focus is on ensuring the safety and well-being of the affected residents and restoring essential services.
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Evacuation and Shelter: Immediate evacuation measures were implemented to ensure the safety of residents in flood-prone areas. Temporary shelters have been set up to provide refuge for those displaced by the flood.
Search and Rescue: Emergency response teams, including local firefighters and volunteers, have been conducting search and rescue operations to locate and assist individuals stranded by the floodwaters.
Infrastructure Assessment: Teams of engineers and experts are assessing the extent of damage to the city's infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and utility systems. This assessment will inform the prioritization of repair and restoration efforts.
Relief Distribution: Relief efforts are underway to provide affected residents with essential supplies, including food, water, and medical assistance. Community organizations and volunteers are actively involved in these distribution efforts.
Long-Term Recovery Planning: City officials, in collaboration with state and federal agencies, are developing a comprehensive long-term recovery plan. This plan will outline strategies for rebuilding infrastructure, supporting affected businesses, and addressing the needs of the community in the aftermath of the flood.
Interprofessional Staff Interviews
Dr. Luisa Gonzalez, Hospital Administrator: "The loss of life during that flood was devastating. We need to do better to prevent that from happening again."
Dr. Peter Jenski, Internal Medicine. "Absolutely. We need to have better disaster preparedness plans in place and make sure everyone is trained to handle these situations."
Bill Reiner, Social Worker: "And we need to make sure we're reaching out to the vulnerable populations and providing them with the support they need during these disasters."
Nurse Kaley Grant, ICU: "That's right. We need to have plans in place to evacuate those who are unable to evacuate themselves, and we need to make sure they have access to medical care and other essential services."
Dr. Tom Sowka, Pharmacist: "We also need to make sure we have enough supplies and resources to handle the influx of patients during a disaster. We were completely overwhelmed last time."
Dr. Linh Boswell, Psychiatrist: "And we need to work with other agencies and organizations to coordinate our response. We can't do this alone."
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Nurse Kaley Grant, ICU: "I agree. We need to take a systems approach to disaster resilience, like the one described in that article. We need to consider all aspects of the disaster, from mitigation to adaptation, and work together to build a more resilient community."
Dr. Priya Jenski, Internal Medicine. "And we need to make sure we're prepared for all types of disasters, not just floods. We can learn from the experiences of other communities, like those affected by Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Sandy."
Bill Reiner, Social Worker: "It's clear that we need to do better. We need to be better prepared, better trained, and better equipped to handle disasters. Lives are at stake, and we can't afford to be caught off guard again."
Dr. Luisa Gonzalez, Medical Center Administrator: “I couldn't agree more, Bill. The lessons we learned during this event will undoubtedly shape our approach to future emergencies. It is essential that we continue to prioritize interprofessional collaboration, address healthcare disparities, and strengthen our healthcare system's preparedness and response capabilities.”
Request from Administrator
Dr. Luisa Gonzalez, Red Oaks Medical Center Administrator, has asked you to present a compelling case to community stakeholders for the proposed disaster recovery plan. She requests you use the the Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) framework. The CERC framework provides a structured approach to communicating during emergencies, emphasizing the importance of timely, accurate, and empathetic communication.
Applying the CERC framework to the context of any disaster highlights how health and governmental policies impacted disaster recovery efforts. Health and governmental policies are deeply interconnected in disaster recovery.
Effective health policies rely on strong governmental support and clear communication. Conversely, governmental policies must integrate public health considerations to ensure comprehensive recovery efforts.
The CERC framework underscores the need for coordinated, empathetic, and credible communication to enhance community resilience and recovery. By applying the CERC principles, health and governmental policies can better address the needs of affected communities, promote effective recovery, and build trust and cooperation among all stakeholders.
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one, and possibly other facilities in the organization. To ensure that the disaster recovery plan is effective, you can also involve diverse stakeholders, replace guesswork and hunches with data- driven decisions, and create comprehensive, detailed plans that define the roles and responsibilities of disaster recovery team members and outline the criteria to launch the plan into action.
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