Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected po

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Health Promotion Program Proposal: Part 1

Anyeli Ciriaco

Prof. Nora Hernandez-Pupo

Florida National University

July 25, 2025

Health Promotion Program Proposal: Part 1

The burden of health disparities remains an engaging issue in the field of care, highly impacting vulnerable groups. Among the most acute health issues that these populations have to deal with are chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. To give only one example, in the U.S., an obesity prevalence of 49.6 percent is present in non-Hispanic Black adults, which is significantly higher as compared to non-Hispanic White adults (Lipshutz et al., 2022). Also, racial minorities, especially Black women, are more prone to death because of breast cancer than White ones (Lipshutz et al., 2022). These differences are worsened by the economic and social conditions among the individuals, such as lack of access to healthcare and education and even capacity to manage health. Considering these, the proposed health promotion program is devised to solve the problem of the rising prevalence of chronic illnesses among the minority groups in Miami, trying to prevent diabetes and manage high blood pressure.

Vulnerable Population

Miami, Florida the Hispanic population is the population that this health promotion program will target. This population group has many risk factors that increase its susceptibility. Among these risk factors, the socioeconomic disadvantages, lack of access to the healthcare services, and language problems, which fail to provide effective acquaintance with the resources offered by the healthcare, should be mentioned. Moreover, this group has a greater prevalence of such chronic conditions as diabetes and hypertension than non-Hispanic Whites in the region (Srour, 2021). These risk factors predispose the Hispanic population to the diseases that are potentially avoidable, therefore resulting in an unequal burden of disease as well as quality of life. To overcome such disparities, a specialized health promotion program should be created, including cultural sensitivity factors and widely available healthcare interventions.

Literature Review of Evidence-Based Interventions

The first article of the review is an article that dwells on the possibility of resolving the health disparity issues with the help of strategic health communication. In his article, Kreps (2023) emphasizes the role of strategic health communication in encouraging the use of health behaviors, especially by vulnerable groups of the population. The research concludes that communication strategies that are accessible and culturally acceptable are required because such strategies are established to enhance health outcomes. The capability to cover a wide range of audiences is one of the strengths of this approach, even to the audiences who might be opposed to health recommendations. Nevertheless, a drawback of this model is that it involves large amounts of resources and time-consistent effort to modify health behaviors (Kreps, 2023).

The second paper by Quilling et al. (2020) is the discussion of the approaches to target the vulnerable population using municipal health promotion. As this study shows, such intervention on vulnerable groups needs to be community-based and needs to interact with the persons on the local level. Such interventions as community health education or provision of screening services and cooperation with local organizations were found to enhance health outcomes within such communities. The positive side of these interventions is that they allow building trust and capturing attention in the community. Nonetheless, another issue that can be outlined by the research is the problem of maintaining the long-term involvement and finances related to such programs (Hogeling et al., 2022).

Evaluation of Literature

The interventions provided in the reviewed articles have their strong and weak sides. Communication strategies described by Kreps (2023) can be considered a comprehensive way of thinking about health promotion, and thus, they can be easily adjusted to many settings. They are, however, effective with efforts and resources extended over time and may be limiting to the underfunded communities. Quilling et al. (2020), on the other hand, place an emphasis on community-based interventions, which, in their turn, have the benefit of support of local ownership and trust. These programs are sometimes, however, hampered with issues relating to long-term sustainability, hence compromising any success they might have in establishing a lasting change in the health state. The two sources emphasize that when attempting to promote health among populations, it is important to take into account the specifics of the vulnerable populations in the context of their needs and resources.

Health Promotion Framework

The activities of the planned health promotion interaction will be directed with the help of the Social Ecological Model (SEM). This model comes in specific to the all-encompassing and multi-interventional factors leading to health disparities among the vulnerable populations. Ho et al. (2022) argue that the SEM focuses on the interaction among the factors related to individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal dimensions, which indeed makes this model possible to advocate health in various populations. SEM helps in forming interventions that can be carried out at various levels of influence, which include the change of behavior of an individual to the change of policies. One of the major advantages of this model is that it is comprehensive and therefore aims not only to target individual behavior change but also to ensure that the treatment is also based on the social determinants of health. A drawback in applying this model, though, is the fact that teamwork in terms of reaching numerous sectors is required, which is not easy to organize.

Conclusion

Such health issues of the Hispanic population in Miami as the health disparities, in special connection with chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, demand specific health promotion strategies. Said disparities can be mitigated and health outcomes can be improved through intervention-based strategies: strategic health communication and community-based health promotion are the evidence-based interventions. This program will include all the components that lead to a healthy lifestyle by using the Social Ecological Model to deal with all subject matters that affect health and offer a long-term solution to the health of the vulnerable populations.

References

Ho, Y. C. L., Mahirah, D., Ho, C. Z. H., & Thumboo, J. (2022). The role of the family in health promotion: a scoping review of models and mechanisms. Health Promotion International, 37(6), daac119. https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article-abstract/37/6/daac119/6833053

Hogeling, L., Lammers, C., Vaandrager, L., & Koelen, M. (2022). What works for vulnerable families? Interpretations of effective health promotion. Health Promotion International, 37(1), daab108. https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article-abstract/37/1/daab108/6321598

Kreps, G. L. (2023). Addressing resistance to adopting relevant health promotion recommendations with strategic health communication. Information Services and Use, 43(2), 131-142. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3233/ISU-230187

Lipshutz, J. A., Hall, J. E., Penman-Aguilar, A., Skillen, E., Naoom, S., & Irune, I. (2022). Leveraging social and structural determinants of health at the centers for disease control and prevention: a systems-level opportunity to improve public health.  Journal of Public Health Management and Practice,  28(2), E380-E389. https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2022/03000/Leveraging_Social_and_Structural_Determinants_of.27.aspx

Quilling, E., Kuchler, M., Leimann, J., Dieterich, S., & Plantz, C. (2020). Strategies for reaching vulnerable groups in municipal health promotion. European Journal of Public Health, 30(Supplement_5), ckaa165-1355. https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1355/33820055/ckaa165.1355.pdf

Srour, M. L. (2021). Child health promotion for refugees and other vulnerable populations. In Child Refugee and Migrant Health: A Manual for Health Professionals (pp. 171-183). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-74906-4_14

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