Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Reply to Armine Karayan.
Generalized anxiety disorder,” or GAD, is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry and anxiety about many life aspects, often without a clear explanation. Healthcare providers must understand GAD’s causes and triggers to choose the right drugs, dosage, and delivery to treat anxiety. Genetics are critical to GAD development. Studies show that people from families with GAD are more prone to get GAD. This genetic link suggests that GAD risk genes may affect an individual’s risk of getting the illness (DeMartiniet al., 2019). Medical providers should consider a patient’s family medical history when creating a treatment plan. When doctors understand the origins and triggers of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), they may better tailor medicine selection, dosage, and administration to treat anxiety. To treat biological anxiety, persons with a strong inherited susceptibility may need to take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for a long time. Acute stress sufferers may benefit from shorter-term treatments like benzodiazepines. In addition, personality traits connected to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) like perfectionism or negative thinking may influence the use of CBT in combination with medication to address these disorders. By considering the underlying causes and specific circumstances of each patient, healthcare providers may maximize therapy choices to improve anxiety management.
Environment also has a major role in the development and progression of GAD. Chronic stress, traumatic events, or major life events like job loss, divorce, or family death may accelerate or worsen generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms (Sapra et al., 2020). Understanding these pressures is crucial to customizing medication. Patients with chronic stress may benefit from short-term and long-term stress reduction medicines. GAD susceptibility may also be impacted by personality traits. Negativity, neuroticism, and perfectionism have been associated to anxiety. When choosing a treatment for a patient, doctors should analyse their personality and cognitive patterns. CBT, often known as talk therapy, may be used with medication to treat disordered mental processes and coping techniques.
McKenzie Rosendale
Select an anxiety disorder and discuss what are potential causes and triggers of anxiety. How can healthcare providers use this information to inform medication selection, dosing, and administration for effective anxiety management?
An anxiety disorder that I have chosen is panic disorder. Panic disorder can be classified as “recurrent, intensely uncomfortable episodes” (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, pg. 244). In addition to these recurrent episodes, four or more additional symptoms must be present. The symptoms include palpitations, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, derealization, fear of losing control, or feel or dying (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, pg. 244). A panic attack can lasts a few minutes to 30 minutes. The cause of panic attacks is unknown; however, it is from a malfunction of the brain alarm. The malfunction of the brain alarm may be from “abnormalities of noradrenergic systems, serotonergic systems, or benzodiazepine receptors” (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, pg. 244). A panic attack can also come from different triggers that vary from one person to another. Some triggers could be are long period of exercise or physical changes. Healthcare professionals can help identify the trigger of the panic attack to help determine what the best treatment option is for the patient. The most common treatment is drug therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy. Drug therapy focuses on limiting the number of panic attacks. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps with a person being more comfortable with the trigger. For drug therapy, the two most common drugs that are used is an antidepressant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The SSRI is the first line of defense because it can decrease the panic attack and the frequency/intensity of the panic attack (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021, pg. 245). However, if the patient has a diagnosis of depression and panic attacks, then the antidepressant would be a better fit because it can treat both conditions simultaneously.
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