Impact of cell phone
impact of cell phone Assignment 2: Preparation for Generating a Policy Proposal Although some states and cities have passed laws to ban texting and using handheld phones while driving, there is no current law to ban all cell phone use while driving. However, according to the National Safety Council (2009), 28 percent of all crashes?1.6 million per year?are caused by cell phone use and texting by drivers. The mission of a new national nonprofit organization called FocusDriven, patterned after Mothers Against Drunk Driving, is to make phone use while driving as illegal and socially unacceptable as drunk driving. US Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood supports FocusDriven and its efforts. According to the?Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, LaHood said that this movement would become ?an army of people traveling the countryside? to push for bans on cell-phone use and tough enforcement (Schmitz, 2010). As a political advocate interested in this issue, you will be writing a policy proposal that utilizes the current research to propose a solution to the issue and submitting it in?Module 5. Annotated Bibliography: Effect of Cell Phone Use Before you can write this proposal research, you will need to conduct initial research on the science behind this initiative. For this assignment, use the Argosy University online library resources to locate research reports from peer-reviewed journals that discuss the effects of cell phone use on vision, attention, perception, or memory. In selecting at least five research reports from peer-reviewed journals relevant to the topic, make sure they address one or more of the following issues: How do texting, handheld phones, and hands-free phones compare with each other in their effects on driving? How do other, traditional distractions compare to cell phone use in their effects on driving (such as eating, attending to children, talking to passengers, listening to music/news, etc.)? Can cell phone use while driving be compared with drunk driving? Why or why not? What other variables (such as age) can affect driving while using a cell phone? Based on your reading of the five articles, create an annotated bibliography for each of the five sources. Each annotation should consist of the APA reference entry followed by a paragraph-long summary of the articles. In your summary, provide answers for the questions below. For the last question, think about how the research results could be generalized to fit other environments or not be generalized. Summarize the main ideas in the reference. What were they investigating? How were the studies conducted? What was the sample size? Is it appropriate? Were the studies conducted in the real world or was a simulated environment used? How might these methodological considerations affect the research findings and the conclusions drawn from them? How does this article fit in with your paper? How did it influence your own ideas about your paper? Your?annotated bibliography?should be at 3?4 pages in length.?Go to the Doc Sharing?area for sample-annotated bibliography. This document will help you complete your paper more successfully. Be sure to include a title page and reference page listing your articles. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M4_A2.doc. By?Wednesday, July 9, 2014, deliverthe assignment to the?M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox. Assignment 2 Grading Criteria Maximum Points Identified five, relevant research reports that discussed the effects of cell phone use on vision, attention, perception, or memory. 20 Summarized each article and explained the relevance of each article to the questions asked in an annotated bibliography. 60 Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. 20 Total: 100 Schmitz, J. (2010, January 13). Cell phone ban for drivers is focus of new group.?Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved from http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10013/1027757-147.stm National Research Council. (2010).?National Safety Council estimates that at least 1.6 million crashes each year involve drivers using cell phones and texting. Retrieved from http://www.nsc.org/pages/ nscestimates16millioncrashescausedbydriversusingcellphonesandtexting.aspx ? ? The research investigated the impact of cell phone conversations on simulated driving. It was conducted on a simulated environment. The findings of the research were that the cell phone conversations impaired the visual scanning of drivers on the road. They investigated how visual impairment is attributed to withdrawal of attention which resulted to inattention blindness. The other findings of the research indicated that cell phone conversations impair the cognitive abilities to be able to see visual targets on the roads. The researchers used driving high-fidelity simulators while controlling driving difficult and time on task. The article fits in the policy proposal about use of cell phones and driving since it shows the impacts use of cell phones has on driving. It influenced the conclusion that use of cell phones leads to road crashes on the roads due to visual impairment and in attention. APA 1053 words
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