Powerpoint Question
Scope: Applicable Codes: NFPA101 NFPA 80 Arkansas fire protection code Fire Stopper or Barrier: A firestop, also known as a fire-stopping system, is a passive fire protection measure designed to seal openings and penetrations in fire-resistance-rated walls, floors, and assemblies. These openings and penetrations are typically created when services such as pipes, cables, ducts, or conduits pass through fire-rated barriers. Firestops are installed to prevent the spread of fire, smoke, and toxic gases through these penetrations, thereby maintaining the integrity of the firerated assembly and allowing occupants more time to evacuate in the event of a fire. Firestop systems typically consist of fire-resistant materials, such as intumescent sealants, fire-resistant mortars, fire-rated putties, wraps, or pillows, which are installed around the penetrations to fill gaps and form a barrier against fire. 1. Material Selection: Utilize UL-listed fire-resistant materials for firestop systems, including intumescent sealants, fire-resistant mortars, fire-rated putties, wraps, or pillows, ensuring compliance with UL standards for fire resistance and performance. Utilizing UL-listed fireresistant materials ensures compliance with standards such as UL 1479 (Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems) and UL 2079 (Tests for Fire Resistance of Building Joint Systems). 4. Penetration Types: UL standards address various types of penetrations, such as UL 1479 for through-penetration firestop systems and UL 2079 for joint systems, providing specific requirements for each application. 7. Accessibility: Ensure accessibility for inspection and maintenance of firestop systems by providing removable access panels or other means to facilitate periodic inspections and repairs as needed, in accordance with UL requirements. UL requirements for accessibility align with standards such as UL 1479 and UL 2079, which may specify the need for access panels or other means to facilitate inspection and maintenance of firestop systems. 8. Labeling and Documentation: Label all installed firestop systems with UL-listed labels or markings indicating compliance with UL standards and providing essential information, such as manufacturer, product name, installation date, and fire rating. UL standards require proper labeling and documentation of installed firestop systems, as outlined in standards like UL 1479 and UL 2079, ensuring compliance verification and essential information for maintenance. 0|Page Figure 3: Fire Stopper Fire Rated Doors: In commercial buildings, fire walls are a mandatory safety feature. According to the standards set by NFPA 80 (National Fire Protection Association), all openings within these fire walls must be equipped with fire-rated doors. Fire-rated doors are designed to withstand fire for a specified period, helping to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between different sections of a building, thereby ensuring a safer evacuation route and allowing more time for emergency response teams to manage the situation. These doors play a crucial role in the overall fire protection. Fire doors in horizontal exits must be self-closing or automatically close when activated by a smoke detector. Additionally, doors that are locked in a close corridor condition should also automatically close upon activation of a smoke detector. This requirement ensures that in the event of a fire, the doors will close automatically to prevent the spread of smoke and flames, thereby enhancing the safety of occupants and facilitating orderly evacuation procedures. [Ref: Ch-10, Section-1026.3, Arkansas Fire Protection Code-2021]. Door Hardware: Fire-resistant-rated door hardware should be self-closing self-latching. (716.2.6.1) Also it shall be labeled in accordance with (716.2.9.1) Figure 1: Fire Door Fire Rated Walls: As per Arkansas Fire Protection Code, the fire rate required in the corridor and exterior walls [Ref: Ch-10, Section-1020.2, Arkansas Fire Protection Code-2021]. 1-hour fire-resistance-rated walls (706.4) Labeled as “1-hour Fire-Resistant Wall” (UL 263) 2. Construction: Walls shall be constructed with a minimum of two layers of 1-inch thick, 4-foot wide, and 8-foot long gypsum board installed vertically on each side of the wall framing, with all joints staggered and fastened with 1-1/2 inch long screws (Arkansas 714.4.1) (UL 263) 3. Joints and Seams: Joints should have a fire resistance of not less than the fire wall and shall comply with section 715 (715.3). 4. Penetrations: Penetrations shall be protected with a fire-resistant rating equal to the wall rating and shall comply with section 714 (Arkansas 706.9). Also penetration shall be protected by firestop system (UL1479) in accordance (714.4.1.2) 6. The fire-rated walls shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 221. 7. Fire-resistance-rated walls shall be labeled as “1-hour Fire-Resistant Wall” and shall meet the requirements of UL 263. Figure 2:Fire Rated Wall Separation between Rooms: separation between rooms in required in accordance with 420.2 and fire partition shall be constructed with section 708. The fire partition should have a 1-hour rating (708.3) Design number: (UL 419) 1.Walls: Fire-resistance rating 1 hour (1020.2) Construction 2 layers of 1-inch thick, 4-foot wide, and 8-foot long gypsum board installed vertically on each side of the wall framing, with all joints staggered and fastened with 1-1/2 inch long screws 2.Fire door: it shall be protected by fire door not less than ¾ hour self-closing and labeled (716.1(2))( (NFPA101:8.3.3.2.2)) Fire doors and other opening protectives shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 80.(705.2) Exit Stairwell: 1. Walls in exit stairwell shall be constructed as fire barrier achieving not less than 1hour fireresistance-rated have a fire resistance of 1 hour (1023.7) design number: (GAWP3371) 2. Doors: 1 hour fire-resistance-rated doors (NFPA101:8.3.3.2.2)) Self-closing and selflatching Hardware Fire-resistant-rated door hardware in accordance with (NFPA 80) 3. Frames: 1hour fire-resistance-rated frames (716.4.2) Electrical Rooms: A. Walls should be constructed as fire barrier and should achieve not less than 2 hours. (903.3.1.1.1)(3) design number: MPF2H B. Fire-Rated Doors: it shall be protected with 1 ½ hours fire door. (NFPA101:8.3.3.2.2) C. Penetration Seals: Penetrations in fire-rated barriers, such as walls and floors, should be sealed with firestop materials to prevent the passage of fire, smoke, and gases. NFPA 101, the Life Safety Code, and NFPA 221 contain requirements for the sealing of penetrations in electrical rooms to maintain their fire resistance. D. Cable Penetration Seals: Cable penetrations through fire-rated barriers should be sealed with fire-rated cable penetration seals to prevent the spread of fire and smoke along cable pathways. NFPA 70 and NFPA 72, the National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, contain requirements for fire-rated cable penetration seals in electrical rooms. Figure 4: Cable Penetration E. Duct Penetration Seals: Duct penetrations through fire-rated barriers, such as walls and floors, should be sealed with fire-rated duct penetration seals to prevent the spread of fire and smoke through ductwork. NFPA 90A, the Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, may contain requirements for fire-rated duct penetration seals in electrical rooms. F. Fireproofing of Structural Elements: Structural elements within the electrical room, such as beams and columns, should be protected with fireproofing materials to maintain their structural integrity during a fire. NFPA 5000, the Building Construction and Safety Code, may contain requirements for fireproofing of structural elements in electrical rooms. G. Fire Rated Cables: Electrical Fire rated cables which can be used in the electrical panels or boards where two types are available mineral insulated cables and polymeric cables and both types of cables can meet UL 2196 fire exposure standard. H. . Fire-Resistant Cable Tray Systems: Use fire-resistant cable tray systems to support and organize electrical cables within the room, minimizing the risk of cable ignition and fire propagation. NFPA 70 provides guidelines for the selection and installation of cable tray systems, including requirements for fire resistance ratings. I. Thermal Insulation: Apply thermal insulation to exposed surfaces within the electrical room to reduce the transmission of heat and mitigate the risk of fire spread. NFPA 90A may contain requirements for the use of thermal insulation in HVAC systems and ductwork to enhance fire safety. J. Electrical Equipment Separation: Separate electrical equipment, such as transformers or switchgear, from combustible materials within the electrical room to minimize fire hazards. NFPA 70E, the Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, provides guidelines for the safe installation and operation of electrical equipment to prevent electrical fires and accidents.
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