Molecules compound
General Chemistry Chapter 3 Practice: I. Empirical and Molecular Formula Practice Find the empirical formula for the following molecular compositions: 1. 88.8% copper; 11.2% oxygen 2. 40% carbon; 6.7% hydrogen; 53.3% oxygen 3. 92.3% carbon; 7.7% hydrogen 4. 70.0% iron; 30.0% oxygen 5. 5.88% hydrogen; 94.12% oxygen 6. 38.7% chlorine; 61.3% fluorine 7. 7.19% phosphorus; 92.81% bromine 8. 30.4% nitrogen; 69.6% oxygen Find the molecular formula for the following: 1. If the compound in question 7 has a molar mass of 431g/mol, what is the molecular formula? 2. If the compound in question 8 has a molar mass of 92g/mol, what is the molecular formula? 3. Naphthalene is a carbon and hydrogen containing compound often used in moth balls. The empirical formula is C5H4 and its molar mass is 128.16g/mol. Find the molecular formula. 4. A compound with the following composition has a molar mass of 60.10g/mol: 39.97% carbon; 13.41% hydrogen; 46.62% nitrogen. Find the molecular formula. Calculate the following: 1. A compound is found to contain 63.52 % iron and 36.48% sulfur. Find its empirical formula. 2. A compound is found to contain 26.56% potassium, 35.41% chromium, and the remainder oxygen. Find its empirical formula. 3. A 60.00 g sample of tetraethyllead, a gasoline additive, is found to contain 38.43 g lead, 17.83 g carbon, and 3.74 g hydrogen. Find its empirical formula. 4. A 170.00 g sample of an unidentified compound contains 29.84 g sodium, 67.49 g chromium, and 72.67 g oxygen. Find the empirical formula. 5. Determine the molecular formula of the compound with an empirical formula of CH and a formula mass of 78.110 u. 6. Determine the molecular formula of a compound with an empirical formula of NH2 and a formula mass of 32.06 u. 7. A sample of a compound with a formula mass of 34.00 u is found to consist of 0.44 g H and 6.92 g O. Find its molecular formula. 8. Combustion analysis of a hydrocarbon produced 33.01g CO 2 and 13.51g H2O. Calculate the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon. 9. Combustion analysis of naphthalene, a hydrocarbon used in mothballs, produced 8.35g CO2 and 1.67g H2O. Calculate the empirical formula for naphthalene. II. Composition of Compounds: Determine the answer for the following: 1. What is the percent composition by mass for each element in sodium phosphate, Na3PO4? 2. What is the percent composition by mass for each element in hydrogen peroxide, H2O2? 3. What is the percent composition by mass for each element in carbon dioxide, CO2? 4. What is the percent composition by mass for each element in carbon monoxide, CO? 5. Most fertilizers consist of nitrogen-containing compounds such as NH3, CO(NH2)2, NH4NO3, and (NH4)2SO4. The nitrogen content in these compounds is used for protein synthesis by plants. Calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen in each of the fertilizers named. Which fertilizer has the highest nitrogen content? Calculate the mass (in grams) of sodium in 8.5g of each sodium containing food additive. a. NaCl (table salt) b. Na3PO4 c. NaC7H5O2 (sodium benzoate) d. Na2C6H6O7 (sodium hydrogen citrate) III. Formula Mass and Mole Concept: Determine the number of moles (of molecules or formula units) in each sample. a. 26.5 g NO2 b. 1.36 kg CO2 c. 36.4 g KNO3 d. 123.4 kg Na2SO4 Determine the number of moles (of molecules or formula units) in each sample. a. 35.8 g CF2Cl2 b. 21.36 kg Fe(NO3)2 c. 0.3534 g C8H18 d. 187 kg CaO How many molecules (or formula units) are in each sample? a. 57.48 g CCl4 b. 93.42 kg NaHCO3 c. 231.2 g C4H10 d. 4.21 * 105 g Na3PO4 How many molecules (or formula units) are in each sample? a. 7.48 g H2O b. 3.42 kg Fe(NO2)2 c. 31.2 g CBr4 d. 5.21 g O2 IV. Naming Compounds: 1. NH4Cl___________________________________ CCl4__________________________________ 2. Fe(NO3)3_______________________________ CO___________________________________ 3. TiBr3___________________________________ P2O5_________________________________ 4. Cu3P____________________________________ SF6___________________________________ 5. SnSe2___________________________________ C5H12_________________________________ 6. GaAs___________________________________ N2O3__________________________________ 7. Pb(SO4)2_______________________________ P4O10_________________________________ 8. Be(HCO3)2_____________________________ C3H6__________________________________ 9. Mn2(SO3)3_____________________________ C2H4 _________________________________ 10. Al(CN)3________________________________ SO3___________________________________ 11. HCl_____________________________________ HC2H3O2_____________________________ 12. HF______________________________________ HNO3_________________________________ 13. H2SO4__________________________________ H2CrO4_______________________________ 14. H3PO4__________________________________ H3PO3________________________________ 15. HBr____________________________________ H2CO3________________________________ 16. HI______________________________________ H2SO3________________________________ 17. CoCl2 • 6 H2O_________________________ CaSO4 • 2 H2O_______________________ 18. BaCl2 • 10 H2O________________________ CuSO4 • 5 H2O_______________________ 19. ZnSO4 • 7 H2O_________________________ MgCl2 • 8 H2O_______________________ 20. Na2CO3 • 9 H2O________________________ FeSO4 • 2 H2O_______________________ 1 Write the formula for the following: 1. chromium (VI) phosphate _____________________________________ 2. vanadium (IV) carbonate _____________________________________ 3. tin (II) nitrite _____________________________________ 4. cobalt (III) oxide _____________________________________ 5. titanium (II) acetate _____________________________________ 6. vanadium (V) sulfide _____________________________________ 7. chromium (III) hydroxide _____________________________________ 8. lithium iodide_____________________________________ 9. lead (II) nitride _____________________________________ 10. silver bromide _____________________________________ 11. lithium acetate __________________________________ 12. iron (II) phosphate __________________________________ 13. titanium (II) selenide __________________________________ 14. calcium bromide __________________________________ 15. gallium chloride __________________________________ 16. sodium hydride __________________________________ 17. beryllium hydroxide __________________________________ 18. zinc carbonate __________________________________ 19. manganese (VII) arsenide __________________________________ 20. copper (II) chlorate __________________________________ 21. cobalt (III) chromate __________________________________ 22. ammonium oxide __________________________________ 23. potassium hydroxide __________________________________ 24. lead (IV) sulfate __________________________________ 25. silver cyanide __________________________________ 26. vanadium (V) nitride __________________________________ 27. strontium acetate __________________________________ 28. molybdenum sulfate __________________________________ 29. platinum (II) sulfide __________________________________ 30. ammonium sulfate __________________________________
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