Discussion replies #1 and #2
Submission Instructions:
You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts.
All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.
Discussion#1
- A variety of models for making decisions are available. Three of these models are paternalistic, informative, and shared decision making.
- Discuss the pros and cons of each of these models and the problems that are best suited for the various methods.
Paternalistic, informative, and shared decision-making models show distinct approaches to healthcare decision-making. Each of them has their own set of pros and cons. These models show the dynamics between healthcare professionals and patients, acknowledging the importance of autonomy, information, and collaboration in the decision-making process.
A paternalistic leader fosters a friendly work atmosphere, where employees see their coworkers as family. The paternalistic leadership style lays huge importance on the needs of employees and the organization. Paternalistic decision-making is efficient as it brings forth quick decision-making. This is important for emergencies and real trivial times. A clear command from medical professionals can reassure patients, particularly in situations that are complex or stressful. Paternalistic decision making relies on the professional experience and wisdom of the healthcare professionals, making sure the decisions are based on medical expertise (Zhijie et al., 2022). The cons of paternalistic decision-making includes the limitation of autonomy, and ineffective communication. Patients have limited autonomy, which can lead to dissatisfaction or strained patient-doctor relationships. The patient may not share the same values or preferences as the healthcare provider. The decisions are usually made without the patient being involved. Ineffective communication can pose a risk and the lack of shared understanding between the healthcare provider and patient can become a problem. The best circumstances for paternalistic decision-making are those that call for quick action and may not entail much patient input or preference. It is frequently used in emergency medical conditions or other circumstances requiring quick decision-making.
Informative decision-making respects the patient’s autonomy by giving them comprehensive information. This allows the patients to actively participate in their care. Patients are more empowered to make decisions when they receive a thorough understanding of their condition, treatments, and outcomes. This decision making creates a sense of control and involvement, which increases patient satisfaction. Although this creates a sense of autonomy, the patient may feel overwhelmed when too much information is being thrown their way. This can be especially overwhelming when the patient has low health literacy level. It can take time to gather and convey information, which makes it impractical in emergency or urgent situations. Certain patients could require a more directive approach, as they may find it difficult to make decisions in the absence of explicit direction. When there is time for comprehensive discussion, such as during regular healthcare decisions or elective operations, informative decision-making works well. When patients can comprehend and actively engage in the decision-making process, it works well.
Shared decision-making includes patients in the decision-making process, embracing collaboration between the patients and providers. Shared decision-leads to treatment plans that align with individual patient values, preferences, and lifestyle, enhancing treatment adherence (Sandman & Munthe, 2010). This promotes patient satisfaction because it promotes shared responsibility. Some cons include time consumption, and conflict regarding the treatment. Reaching an agreement may be difficult if patients and healthcare practitioners have different viewpoints. When there are several viable treatment options and patient preferences are important, shared decision-making is desirable. It is frequently used in circumstances where decisions are not time-sensitive, including chronic diseases, elective surgeries, and circumstances where a full conversation and evaluation of patient values can take place.
Determine which method has the strongest possibility of resulting in permanent change.
- Depending on the situation, shared, informational, and paternalistic decision-making models are successful in bringing about long-lasting change. However, by including people in the decision-making process and encouraging a sense of ownership and commitment to the selected course of action, shared decision-making tends to support long-lasting change.
Discussion #2
Decision Making
One of the most fundamental parts of the human experience is decision-making, and the approaches we choose can have significant consequences. There are three models of decision-making: paternalistic, informational, and shared. Paternalistic involves the healthcare provider making decisions for the patient (Driever et al., 2022). Informational involves the healthcare provider providing the patient with all the necessary information to make an informed decision (Shapiro et al., 2021). Shared involves the healthcare provider and the patient working together to make the decision (Shapiro et al., 2021). Shared decision-making is often preferred as it allows the patient to actively participate in their healthcare decisions. To gain a better understanding of their complexities, strengths, weaknesses, and appropriate uses, let’s examine them more closely.
Paternalistic Model:
It’s normal for parents, doctors, or leaders to make decisions for someone’s health, thinking it’s for their own good. But usually, they don’t explain why they made that decision or ask for any other input. In times of crisis, prompt and decisive action is necessary. This can help ensure the safety of those unable to make rational decisions (Driever et al., 2022). Folks who are overwhelmed by complicated choices by simplifying them. Drawbacks: It is completely unacceptable to ignore an individual’s freedom and decision-making abilities. This behavior can lead to resentment and a breakdown of trust. Furthermore, without support and agreement, the outcome of any decision may be negative in the long run. Emergency situations, immediate threats to safety, and instances where a person is deemed mentally incompetent are the only appropriate scenarios where this approach may be necessary.
Informative Model:
Although the authority provides detailed information on potential risks, benefits, and alternatives, the final decision rests with the individual. Benefit: It shows respect for the autonomy and freedom of individuals to determine their own actions. Consumers can make informed decisions, leading to increased satisfaction and adherence to the chosen course of action (Shapiro et al., 2021). Drawbacks: It’s completely understandable that people may feel overwhelmed when they receive an excessive amount of information. It can be challenging to analyze complex facts, especially when we’re not experts in the field. The decision-making process can be slow and uncertain, but individuals with strong decision-making skills who have clear options and easy-to-access information are ideal candidates (Zhao et al., 2022).
Shared Decision-Making Model:
This approach involves working together with the authority to consider different options, considering what you like, what matters to you, and the info available so that either can agree on a decision (Zhao et al., 2022). Here are some benefits of this approach: You get to make decisions on your own, but you also receive guidance and knowledge along the way. This approach makes you feel like you own the decision-making process and that your contribution matters. This leads to better trust and communication between you and those who are in charge. Plus, it’s more likely that the decisions made will work out in the long run. There can be downsides to any situation that requires investing time, effort, and strong communication skills. When there are competing desires or a lack of knowledge, these can present challenges that need to be resolved. It’s also important to recognize that the conditions may not always be favorable or feasible in every circumstance (Zhao et al., 2022).
Shared decision-making can make a big difference in the long run, even though there are different models to choose from. When people work together to make a decision, they tend to care more about what they choose. This makes them more motivated and committed to making it happen. A personalized approach: when making decisions together, we consider what you like, what’s important to you, and what obstacles you face (Shapiro et al., 2021). This way, we can come up with solutions that fit nicely into your life. When we work together, we get a better understanding of why we make certain choices and what can happen as a result. This helps us stick to our plans and avoid slipping up.
Shared decision-making builds trust and communication for long-term social change. Having said that, it’s important to understand that there is no single model that can be considered as the best fit for everyone. Each situation requires a careful evaluation of the person’s needs, available resources, and the level of urgency (Zhao et al., 2022). Additionally, success can be achieved by incorporating elements from multiple models.
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