University of Utah physiology problem Macronutrients compounds
QUESTION: You just chugged a 44 ounce dirty soda (maybe the Dirty SOP) at Swig. Your objectives: 1. Break down this “food” to the point that it can be absorbed at the intestine. 2. Absorb the major macronutrient (only choose the most abundant macronutrient) at the small intestine into the bloodstream. 3. Transport the MAJOR macronutrient from the ECF into the ICF of a neuron. 4. Catabolize that nutrient in the neuron to generate ATP. 5. Store the excess nutrients. 6. Restore homeostatic blood plasma levels of the major nutrient in question. In your answer, you’ll need to discuss ○ How you break it down – with relevant locations and enzymes ○ How you transport it into the body (absorption): Specific absorption mechanism for the macronutrient into and out of cells lining the intestine prior to the nutrient moving into the bloodstream (circulation follows, but you do not need to discuss that process) ○ How you transport that macroutrient into the cell that needs it (neuron): Transport mechanism from the ECF to the ICF of a neuron prior to catabolism ○ How you use the macronutrient after it enters the cell: Process of catabolism of the macronutrient (for generation of ATP) ○ What you do with the excess macronutrient: Storage of excess nutrients (with sites of storage and relevant terminology) ○ How you control blood plasma nutrient levels for the major macronutrient: Restoration of homeostatic blood glucose levels (with a discussion of type of homeostatic regulation). Include the specific hormone(s) involved and relate to reflex arcs and metabolic state. Want grading to be fast? Organize your answer similar to the question and place relevant terms in BOLD. Take-home Question Grading Rubric (Worth 30 Points) – Human Physiology Criteria Excellent Good Fair Poor Unacceptable Breakdown of nutrient (2 points) (1.5 points) (1point) (.5 point) (0 points) Provides clear, Provides a clear detailed description description of the of breakdown mechanism with mechanism including minor issues or enzymes omissions. Absorption mechanism @ intestine Transport into neuron + ATP generation Storage (7 points) (5-6 points) Some details are missing or describes mechanism with some confusion or lack of clarity in terminology. (3-4 points) Description No descriptions or unclear or extremely unclear confusing, making descriptions. it difficult to understand; missing important details. (1-2 points) (0 points) Accurately identifies Accurately identifies Identifies some Identifies few Fails to identify ALL details, transport most details, details, transport details, transport details, transport proteins, and transport proteins, proteins, and proteins, and proteins, and mechanisms and and mechanism and mechanism and mechanism and mechanism and describes logic of logic, with minor logic, with notable logic, and there are logic. transport errors or omissions. errors or omissions. significant errors mechanisms or omissions. (8 points) (6-7 points) Provides thorough, Provides a accurate description description of of transport (with transport (with mechanisms and mechanisms and transport proteins) transport proteins) into cell and steps into cell and steps involved in ATP involved in ATP generation in the level generation with of detail taught. minor inaccuracies or omissions. (6 points) (5 points) (4-5 points) Describes some steps of transport into cell and steps involved in ATP generation with notable errors or omissions in description. (3-4 points) Provides clear, Provides a clear Some details are detailed description description of missing or of methods and sites methods and sites of describes of storage of storage of nutrients mechanism with nutrients, with correct with minor issues or some confusion or terminology. omissions. lack of clarity in terminology. (1-3 points) (0 points) Describes only a Fails to describe the few steps of transport and ATP transport into cell generation process. and steps involved in ATP generation, or leaves out most detail. (1-2 points) (0 points) Description No descriptions or unclear or extremely unclear confusing, making descriptions. it difficult to understand; missing important details. Glucose regulation (7 points) (5-6 points) (3-4 points) (1-2 points) (0 points) Accurately identifies Accurately identifies Identifies some Identifies few Fails to identify ALL details, most details, details, hormones, details, hormones, details, hormones, hormones, reflex arc, hormones, reflex arc, reflex arc, metabolic reflex arc, reflex arc, metabolic metabolic state, and metabolic state, and state, and metabolic state, state, and terminology terminology with terminology with and terminology, terminology associated with minor errors or notable errors or and there are glucose regulation at omissions. omissions significant errors the level taught. or omissions.
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