Guidance regarding Week 4 Assignment – READ

The assignment instructions note that Husserl and Heidegger are two prominent phenomenological philosophers. The instructions also indicate that you are to identify and discuss two phenomenological research methods that have emerged from each of those philosophers’ theories.  Phenomenological Research Methods Assignment Paper

Philosophy is largely theoretical, while research methods are applied. Be sure as you approach this assignment you are focusing on the research methods and the psychologists/theorists who developed them, not the philosophers.

In other words, you will want to identify psychologists and theorists such as Moustakas, Giorgi, Smith, Van Kaam, van Manen, etc., and discuss their research methods and how they relate to the original philosophies of Husserl and Heidegger.

Also, be sure you understand the primary difference between the two philosophies of phenomenology since that will drive your understanding of what research methods emerged from each. The attached article from Finlay should help, in addition to other research you will conduct on the methods.

Attached Files: Debating_Phenomenological_Research_Methods – Finlay.pdf

Phenomenological Research Methods Assignment Paper

Assignment:

Phenomenological   Research Methods

The quest to understand the lived experience and the philosophical structures of experience and consciousness is the focus of a movement that began in the early years of the 20th Century. The movement is called phenomenology because the movement explores the lived experience of phenomena. Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger were two of the prominent philosophers who developed this method of inquiry though each took a significantly different philosophical approach to understanding human experience. In this assignment, you will discuss the psychology research methods that emerged from the philosophies of Husserl and Heidegger and the researchers who developed those methods.   Phenomenological Research Methods Assignment Paper

General Requirements:

· This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

· Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center.

· This assignment requires that at least two scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.

Directions:

Write a paper (1,250-1,500 words) in which you discuss both the phenomenological research methods in psychology that emerged from the philosophies of Husserl and Heidegger and the theorists/psychologists who developed those methods. Include the following in your paper:

1. A discussion of at least two phenomenological research methods that emerged from the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl. What were the central tenets of each method? What is known about the theorists/psychologists who developed each method?   Phenomenological Research Methods Assignment Paper

2. A discussion of at least two phenomenological research methods that emerged from the phenomenological philosophy of Heidegger. What were the central tenets of each method? What is known about the theorists/psychologists who developed each method?

3. A contrast of the primary differences among the phenomenological research methods identified above. How does each method address approaches to data gathering, data analysis, and the role of the researcher?

4. A research-based statement of and rationale for the method you believe allows the best understanding of human experience. Phenomenological r

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Phenomenological Research Methods

Introduction

Phenomenology is a method of studying the human mind and human experience that was developed in France during the 19th century. The aim of phenomenological research is to understand how people inherently experience the world around them, as well as the ways in which they interact with their surroundings. This can be done through participant observation and interviews, for example. Phenomenological researchers look at lived experiences and try to capture them in order to study them further.

Phenomenological Research in Psychology

Phenomenology is a mode of inquiry that provides a descriptive, phenomenological description of human experience. It is not just a method, but also an approach to understanding human experience.

Phenomenology has its roots in the philosophy of Edmund Husserl, who developed his version of phenomenological research methods while studying under Brentano at the University of Vienna (1862 – 1878). He believed that we can understand ourselves only through our own consciousness and its relation to other objects in our environment; thus he called this type of investigation “praxis” (action). This approach was later developed by thinkers like Maurice Merleau-Ponty who refined it into formalized methods for studying consciousness directly instead of using introspection alone as evidence for knowledge about oneself or others

Uses and Purposes of Phenomenological Research

Phenomenological research methods can be used to study the subjective experience of a phenomenon. This is a useful tool for understanding how people experience something, such as the meaning behind their experiences or what they think about them. The second purpose of using phenomenological methods is to develop an inner understanding about what people are experiencing in their lives. The third purpose is describing the experience itself, which includes both verbal and nonverbal descriptions of what people do or feel when they encounter something new or unusual.

Phenomenology has been used by many thinkers throughout history; however, its originator was Edmund Husserl (1859-1938). He created this theory after studying several philosophers including Descartes who focused on objects rather than persons as well as Immanuel Kant who focused on consciousness rather than being conscious at all times throughout our lives (Husserl 1990).

Phenomenology and the Empirical Sciences

Phenomenology and the Empirical Sciences

Phenomenological research methods are used in the study of individuals and small groups. They’re also often used to understand the meaning that people attach to their experiences. These methods can be applied in any field, from psychology to sociology and beyond; however, they are best suited for understanding subjective experiences because they emphasize how individuals perceive themselves and others within a given situation. As such, phenomenological researchers seek out what is unique about an individual or group’s lived experience through careful observation instead of asking them questions about it directly (for example: “How did you feel when I asked if your cat was dead?”).

Key Features of Phenomenological Research

Phenomenological research is qualitative, interpretive, introspective, descriptive and holistic.

It is a method that has been used for more than 100 years to study the human experience of reality through the use of direct experience with individuals or groups as they describe their own experiences. In other words, phenomenologists study how people actually live their lives rather than trying to come up with theories about what these lives should be like based on their observations of others.

Phenomenological researchers are interested in understanding human consciousness from within so they can better understand ourselves as individuals and as members of society at large—to help us see ourselves clearly enough (and honestly enough) so we can make better decisions about our lives together as well as individually

The Purpose of Phenomenological Research

Phenomenological research methods are used to understand the meaning and essence of a phenomenon. The researcher aims to understand how the experience of an individual is constructed in their mind, body, and context. The aim is not just to know what something looks like but also why it feels like this way for me.

In Phenomenology, there are four basic steps:

• Formulation – This step involves identifying what type of data would best represent your phenomenon (elements that make up your experience). You must consider both internal (elements within yourself) as well as external elements (those around you). For example: if you’re studying memory then you might look at things like memory lapses or forgetting names during conversations with friends because these are examples where we have lost our ability to recall certain things due us losing focus on them while talking/listening etc… They may seem simple but they help us gain insight into how our minds work when experiencing certain events!

Descriptive vs. Interpretive Approaches to Phenomenology

The descriptive approach is more scientific, whereas the interpretive approach is more philosophical. The descriptive approach focuses on how an individual experiences something and how it is interpreted by them. The interpretive approach, on the other hand, asks you to consider what meaning you give to your experience and why (this can be done through introspection).

Common Questions about Phenomenological Research

When it comes to the difference between a descriptive and interpretive approach to phenomenology, you might hear the terms “descriptive” and “interpretive” used interchangeably. These two approaches can be differentiated by their focus on particular phenomena (or “objects”) in a given setting or situation. A descriptive approach would take an empirical approach while an interpretive one would involve creating meaning through personal experience, rather than collecting data from other sources.

A third distinction between these two approaches is that with descriptive research you’re looking at what’s going on right now in your environment while with interpretive ones you’re examining how people see things differently based on their unique experiences and perspectives. So if someone were conducting a study about why people don’t like broccoli then they’d use this method since there was no real need for them too look deeper into why some people like broccoli but others don’t!

Takeaway:

In this article, you’ve learned about phenomenological research methods. You should now be aware of what they are and how they can be used to study different aspects of the world around us.

These methods are based on the lived experience of people who have experienced certain events or situations in their lives. By studying these experiences through a researcher’s eyes, it is possible for them to gain insight into why things happen in certain ways or how people respond to certain types of events and situations. This type of research provides an understanding not only as an individual but also as part of a community or culture at large.

Conclusion

Phenomenological research is an approach to the study of human experience that has been used in psychology and other fields. It is a form of inquiry that focuses on the lived-body, or “here-and-now” perspective, which allows for a deeper understanding of oneself and others. Phenomenology helps researchers to understand people’s subjective experiences by using their own words, feelings and thoughts as evidence.