How is an ethical decision made by a Saudi employee?
a topic and questions already finalized in (attachment 1). based on the topic and the draft questions, various aspects related to the topic should be explored. Explore and reference at least 15 research articles (at least 5 articles must be published in last 5 years) related to the topic and research questions. Prepare the Literature review as per the sample format provided in attachment 2. The topic must be supported by quality literature. Similarly, the individual questions (objectives), which will be converted to hypotheses, must derive support from latest and relevant literature. you can use references in attachment 1 as part of your answer.
no plagiarism please. font (times new roman) double spaced.
references in APA style
Requirements: as needed.
Topic:
The Impact of privatisation on Employee ethical decision making in the public Sector in Saudi Arabia
Business is a powerful force that shapes our society in many ways. It influences our policies, organizational values, culture, and structure, as well as the meaning and value of work.
In Saudi society, business is no different. The Vision 2030 project is a major transformation effort that will have a significant impact on the business sector. One of the key aspects of this transformation is the privatization of the public sector. This will require a high level of cooperation and collaboration from all stakeholders, including businesses, government, and the public.
One of the big issues that will need to be addressed during this transformation is ethics. According to Bottorff (1997), “Ethics is a set of principles or standards of human conduct that govern the behaviour of individuals and groups.” It is important for businesses to act ethically, not only because it is the right thing to do, but also because it is essential for their long-term success.
There are a few ways that businesses can promote ethics in the workplace. My objective in this study is to explore three questions related to promoting ethical behaviour in public institutions:
Q1: What are the ethical factors in private sector that influence public employees.
Sub Q1: How is an ethical decision made by a Saudi employee?
Sub Q2: How will a Saudi employee act when facing an ethical dilemma?
Sub Q3: How well ethical behaviour has been governed in public institutions?
The Rationale of the Research Questions
Q1: What are the ethical factors in private sector that influence public employee?
Public employees have a responsibility to serve the public interest and to uphold the highest ethical standards. However, they are also often subject to pressures from the private sector, such as job offers. These pressures can create ethical dilemmas for public employees, as they may be asked to make decisions that benefit private interests at the expense of the public good. By understanding the ethical factors that can influence public employees, we can develop better policies and procedures to protect the public interest. That is why it is an important question because it explores the complex relationship between the public and private sectors, and the potential for ethical conflicts when public employees interact with private sector actors.
In order
Sub Q1- How is an ethical decision made by an individual?
according to Trevino and Nelson (2011), ethical behaviour in business can be defined as “behaviour that is consistent with the principles, norms, and standards of business practice that have been agreed upon by society.” There are a number of steps that can be followed in making an ethical decision:
Gather the facts. This involves clarifying any ambiguities and identifying the key facts of the situation, then define the ethical issues. This involves understanding the root of the problem and identifying the ethical issues involved. After that, Identify the stakeholders. This involves identifying all the people who will be affected by the decision. Then, Identify the consequences. This involves considering the positive and negative consequences of each option. Additionally, Consider your obligations. This involves considering your legal, moral, and professional obligations. Afterwards, Consider your character and integrity. This involves thinking about how a person of character and integrity would make the decision. Don’t forget to be creative. This involves thinking outside the box and considering alternative solutions. Finally, Check your gut. This involves trusting your intuition and making the decision that feels right to you. The reason of this research question is to explore how well the Saudi employees apply the above methods in real life situations.
Q2: How should a person act when facing an ethical dilemma?
An ethical dilemma is a situation in which there is no clear right or wrong answer. In these situations, it is important to follow the steps outlined above to make the best possible decision. However, The above process can lead you to different decisions. The reason why because not everyone value each option the same way. It is best to identify what type of person you are when making a decision in order to better understand your approach. The most famous are individuals who are consequential and looking only for the consequences of their decision. In which some are looking to benefit the greater amount of stakeholders involved (utilitarian). While the rights of minorities are not necessary. While others are Deontological. By focusing on moral and obligations the individual has a visionary redline in which he/she will not cross no matter what the consequences of that decision will be. Last but not least, the individuals who focus on integrity. By judging each decision on the bases of how it will make him/her be viewed by others and basing that on choosing the best decision to actor rather than the act itself. In this research question we are trying to determine to which type the Saudi employees are driven by in order to better understand their motives behind their actions.
Q3- How can ethical behaviour be governed in public institutions?
“The transition from the no specific model of corporate governance tailored to the Saudi Arabian context to the adoption of an Anglo-American model of corporate governance that is in tune with Saudi Arabia’s business environment was an attempt to introduce corporate governance mechanisms and principles to align managers’ interests with those of Saudi firms.” (Al-Faryan 2020).
Public institutions can promote ethical behaviour by Creating a code of ethics. This document should outline the ethical standards that employees are expected to uphold, Providing training on ethics. This training should help employees understand the code of ethics and how to apply it in their work and Establishing a system for reporting unethical behaviour. This system should make it easy for employees to report unethical behaviour without fear of retaliation. This research question is designed to answer if public institutions in Saudi Arabia are making the required effort to teach their employees about ethical behaviours and to uphold to the government policies and practices.
References:
1- Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (n.d.). Business research methods (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
2- Trevino, L. K. (2011). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley.
3- Holzer, M., & Schwester, R. W. (2011). Public administration: An introduction. M.E. Sharpe.
4- Nazaha. (n.d.). https://www.nazaha.gov.sa/PageDetails/?q=jC1GK1E8G177v///ptw2Lw==
5- Al-Faryan, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Sale (2020) : Corporate governance in Saudi Arabia: An overview of its evolution and recent trends, Risk Governance & Control:
Financial Markets & Institutions, ISSN 2077-429X, Virtus Interpress, Sumy, Vol. 10, Iss. 1, pp.
23-36,
https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv10i1p2
Sample Answers
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
This is a sample. Replace with your own.
In this assignment, all the literature available on the different approaches to the concept of your research is explicitly reviewed. Here you can write the outline or plan of your review like in how many sections and what you are discussing in each section.
Sample Main Heading 1 (as per your topic)
This is a sample. Replace with your own.
Social entrepreneurship in common parlance refers to entrepreneurial activity with an embedded social purpose. Although, entrepreneurial activities with a social concern can be traced back in the history but the social entrepreneurship as an innovative model for social problem solving has recently emerged (Robinson et al., 2009; Mair & Marti, 2006; Peredo & McLean, 2006; Dees et al., 2002; Chell, 2007). Thus, social entrepreneurship mainly stands for endeavors which primarily focus over social value creation and thus social mission remains central to every social entrepreneurship activity.
The social entrepreneurship has become a global phenomenon, impacting societies by catalyzing social transformations for societal wellbeing. The phenomenon mainly addresses the basic needs of human society which were neglected in the race for mainstream development. As such, the phenomenon can occur in any society and often such local social entrepreneurship initiatives have the potential for scale up and replication at the global level. E-g: Microfinance of Bangladesh.
Sample Main Heading 2(as per your topic)
This is a sample. Replace with your own.
As described above, the idea of social enterprise is certainly not new as businesses with social missions can be traced back in the nineteenth century. Thus, the practice of social enterprise may well be ahead of the theory as in other areas of social action (Sarah et al., 2002).
Sample Main Heading 3(as per your topic)
This is a sample. Replace with your own.
As described above, the idea of social enterprise is certainly not new as businesses with social missions can be traced back in the nineteenth century. Thus, the practice of social enterprise may well be ahead of the theory as in other areas of social action (Sarah et al., 2002).
References (in APA format)
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