Ethical Issues in Human Services? ? Discussion Topic: ? After reading chapter 4, please discuss the following with your peers: What values and beliefs do you hold that could make i
Ethical Issues in Human Services
Discussion Topic:
After reading chapter 4, please discuss the following with your peers:
- What values and beliefs do you hold that could make it difficult for you to work with clients who have a different worldview?
- How do you relate to the idea of cultural competence being a process that continues throughout your career rather than a goal that can be achieved within a short time frame?
At least 275 words, APA Format
Course Materials: Becoming a Helper, Corey G and Corey S, 8th edition, Cengage Learning ISBN-10: 0357366301 Mindtap
Chapter 4: Understanding Diversity
Chapter 4: Understanding Diversity
Lecture Notes
Chapter 4
Understanding Diversity
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
• Multiculturalism recognizes and values diversity in helping relationships and calls on helpers to develop strategies that are culturally appropriate.
• A multicultural perspective considers specific values, beliefs, and actions related to race, ethnicity, gender, age, ability, religion, language, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, political views, and geographic region. Multicultural counseling, broadly conceptualized, considers the personality dynamics and cultural backgrounds of both helper and client in establishing a context in which they can interact meaningfully.
• To function effectively with clients of various cultures, helpers need to know and respect specific cultural differences and realize how cultural values operate in the helping process.
• Be aware of any tendencies toward cultural tunnel vision. If you have limited cultural experiences, you may have difficulties relating to clients who have a different view of the world. You are likely to misinterpret many patterns of behavior displayed by these clients.
• Broaching the topic of race and ethnicity is one way to actively include a multicultural element in counseling; it can strengthen the therapeutic alliance and promote better therapeutic outcomes.
• Many diverse clients have come to distrust helpers associated with the establishment or with social service agencies because of a history of unequal treatment.
• It is important to pay attention to ways in which you can express unintentional racism through your attitudes and behaviors. One way to change this form of racism is by making your assumptions explicit.
• Microaggressions related to a person’s gender, sexual orientation, or disability can be as powerful and potentially destructive as are racial microaggressions.
• Helpers must be committed to continually monitoring their political countertransference so their biases and assumptions do not contaminate the therapeutic process.
• In working with people from other cultures, avoid stereotyping and critically evaluate your assumptions about the use of self-disclosure, nonverbal behavior, trusting relationships, self-actualization, and directness and assertiveness.
• Helpers must demonstrate a willingness to examine their own attitudes when working with people who have any kind of disability.
• Many individuals with disabilities are able to achieve a high degree of success; keep your focus on clients’ potential rather than their perceived limitations.
• Effective multicultural helpers have been identified in terms of the specific knowledge, beliefs and attitudes, and skills they possess.
• Social justice, the fifth force in the helping professions, addresses issues of oppression, privilege, and social inequities. Helping professionals need to take an active stance in addressing social justice issues that are manifested in society by acquiring social justice competencies.
• Acquiring and refining multicultural and social justice competencies should be thought of as a lifelong developmental process that requires ongoing self-reflection, training, and education.
• Helpers who view differences as positive attributes will be most likely to meet and resolve the challenges that arise in multicultural helping situations.
KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS
Broaching behavior refers to having an ongoing and consistent attitude of openness with a genuine commitment by the counselor to continually invite the client to explore issues of diversity.
Cultural pluralism recognizes the complexity of cultures and values the diversity of beliefs and values.
Cultural tunnel vision is a perception of reality that is based on a severely limited set of cultural experiences.
Culturally encapsulated counselors tend to define reality according to one set of cultural assumptions and show insensitivity to cultural variations among individuals.
Culturally skilled helpers have acquired competence pertaining to multicultural practice based on awareness of their own values and beliefs, understanding the client’s worldview, and acquiring culturally appropriate intervention strategies and techniques.
Culture can be broadly interpreted to include differences in gender, age, religion, economic status, nationality, physical capacity or disability, and affectional or sexual orientation.
Diversity refers to individual differences such as age, gender, sexual orientation, religion or spiritual identification, social and economic class background, and physical ability or disability.
Fifth force refers to social justice work. It entails a paradigm shift beyond the individual and represents a proactive concern with advocacy and social change.
Modern racism is any pattern of behavior that, solely because of race or culture, denies access to opportunities or privileges to members of one racial or cultural group while perpetuating access to opportunities and privileges to members of another racial or cultural group. Modern racism is often subtle, indirect, and unintentional, which allows people to remain oblivious to its existence.
Multicultural is a term that often refers to five major cultural groups in the United States and its territories: African/Black, Asian, European/White, Hispanic/Latino, and Native American.
Multicultural competence refers to the ability of practitioners to effectively address diversity concerns in their work.
Multicultural counseling is the working alliance between counselor and client that takes the personal dynamics of the counselor and client into consideration alongside the dynamics of the cultures of both of these individuals.
Multicultural counseling competencies refer to knowledge and skill sets that are essential for being a culturally skilled practitioner that have been endorsed by various professional organizations.
Multicultural helping refers to a helping role and process that uses approaches and defines goals consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of clients.
Multiculturalism is a generic term that indicates any relationship between and within two or more diverse groups. Cross-cultural, transcultural, and intercultural are terms with similar meanings. Multiculturalism puts the focus on ethnicity, race, and culture.
Political countertransference describes a helper’s personal reaction to the political context in which he or she works with clients.
Racial microaggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults.
Social justice in counseling represents a multifaceted approach in which counselors strive to simultaneously promote human development and the common good through addressing challenges related to both individual and distributive justice. This approach includes empowerment of individuals and groups as well as active confrontation of injustice and inequality in society, both as they impact clientele and in their systemic contexts.
Social justice perspective is based on the premise that oppression, privilege, and social inequities do exist and have a negative impact on the lives of many persons from diverse cultural groups.
Stereotyping pertains to oversimplified and uncritical generalizations about individuals who are identified as belonging to a specific group.
Copyright © 2019 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2019 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
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