Define a topic–narrow in scope and with enough published science to support a brief review of the literature–in one of the following: broader topical areas: 1) food environment and health outcomes, 2) food policy and health or environmental outcomes, 3) food and ethics, 4) food technology, entrepreneurship, and/or solutions, or 5) food systems sustainability.
Assignment: Define a topic–narrow in scope and with enough published science to support a brief review of the literature–in one of the following:
broader topical areas: 1) food environment and health outcomes, 2) food policy and
health or environmental outcomes, 3) food and ethics, 4) food technology,
entrepreneurship, and/or solutions, or 5) food systems sustainability. (You are free to
contact me with your ideas if you are not sure whether they fit in one of these areas, or you
would like to propose another area you are interested in.)
Identify a research question within one of these umbrella issues, the exploration of which
illuminates a problem or debate within the food system. You should explore the topic from a
social, economic, ecological, or nutritional perspective, but you are welcome to address the
topic from multiple perspectives or add perspectives of your own. You will primarily use
class readings and other academic literature to research the topic, but some other sources
can be used as well, specifically those from authoritative organizations (e.g., the Academy of
Nutrition and Dietetics or the US Department of Agriculture). You should be able to provide
enough legitimate evidence to accomplish two outcomes: 1) offer some conclusion that
responds to your research question, and 2) support recommendations for areas of future
research OR provide ways in which the general public could apply the lessons from the
literature in their own lives. Try to find a topic about which there is a question that could
benefit from a literature review along both of these lines.
Expectations: This will be an evidence-based paper. As such, you are to structure and
compose this paper like a research paper you would submit to a journal. I do not expect you
to provide opinions of your own; rather, your conclusions will be derived from, and
supported by, assessments of literature you review in the paper. At a minimum, your final
paper should include a short and concise introductory section describing the
question/controversy/debate. It should then contain a body (headed in a logical way) that
is likely to be the bulk of the paper, covering various arguments related to your main topic
and supported by a sound (but of course, brief and necessarily non-systematic) literature
review. Finally, the paper should conclude with a conclusions section offering areas of
future research OR recommendations for the general public/practitioners. The paper
should include citations throughout and a reference list at the end formatted using this
course’s identified citation style (see Helpful Resources in Module 0).
Result: The resulting product should be a minimum of 1500 words in length and should
include all references (and perhaps more) that you covered in your annotated bibliography.
Formatting should be 1-inch margins all around, 12-point font, and 1.5 spacing between
lines. Include a title page with your name and a title of the paper.
Requirements: evidence-based paper
Bob Jones University, Foods and Nutrition Updated 22 August 2013 A Guide to Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Citation for Nutrition Introduction This guide explains how to use the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics style of citation for academic works. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics dictates the rules one needs to follow when writing an academic paper within the discipline of nutrition. Referencing not only applies to research papers but also applies to editorials, commentaries, discussions, lab reports, and any other type of paper in which one uses, or refers to, another author’s ideas and research. One must also remember to reference any type of definition, fact, statistic, or figure used in a paper, regardless of how well-known it may be. Referencing is necessary because it allows the reader of the academic work access to the literature that the author used to write his paper. Thus, if the reader so desires, he has the materials available to investigate the topic of the paper in more detail. Another reason why referencing is important is that it provides a foundation on which the author can make certain assertions. Knowing that an author’s ideas, arguments, and claims are based on previous research and scientific evidence makes the paper valid. JAND Citation Style: In-Text Citation JAND format makes use of in-text citation as opposed to footnotes or endnotes to cite the source of content information. Such in-text citation is indicated by placing a number corresponding to the source’s reference list number as a superscript at the end of the cited information. The first time a source is referenced in a paper, it is given the number one (1). The second source is, subsequently, given the number two (2). This numerical numbering is continued for each new source that is cited. Each time a single source is referenced in the work, its original reference number is cited throughout the entire paper. Thus, sources are numbered consecutively as they appear in the paper, not alphabetically, and each source maintains the same citation numeral throughout the entire paper. Example 1: In 2010, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Informatics Committee redefined nutrition informatics as “the effective retrieval, organization, storage and optimum use of information, data and knowledge for food and nutrition related problem solving and decision making.”1 Additionally, at this time, Dr. Nancy Collins defined nutrition informatics in simplistic terms as “the intersection of information, nutrition, and technology.”2 Example 2: Children with high intakes of fiber consumed more fruit, vegetables, bread and grains; whereas, children with low intakes of fiber consumed more high-fat foods.3 Note that the superscript reference number goes outside of the sentence’s closing punctuation. Additionally, in-text citation should use close-up reference citations “1,2” not “1, 2”. If two references are cited, separate them by a comma, not a hyphen. A hyphen is used only for a range of 3 or more references. Correct: 1,2 or 1-3. Incorrect: 1, 2 or 1-2.
JAND Citation Style Page 2 of 3 Bob Jones University, Foods and Nutrition Updated 22 August 2013 JAND Referencing Style: Reference List All referenced materials, such as journals and books, cited within the body of the academic work are listed at the document’s end under the title “REFERENCES.” References should be listed in consecutive numerical order, that is, in the order that they appear in the academic work. References should be single-spaced within each listing and double-spaced between each listing. JAND follows the American Medical Association (AMA) style (AMA Manual of Style, 10th ed) for formatting references. For works that contain more than six authors, list the first three authors’ names followed by et al. Moreover, always list the authors’ names in the order that they appear in the published article. Do not list them alphabetically. The order of the names is significant because it is determined by the authors’ roles in conducting the research. Thus, the first name listed would be the lead researcher. When listing the author’s name, the last name is written first and then the initial of the first name and middle name (if applicable). There should not be a comma after the last name, just a space; do not include a space or a period between the first and middle initials. Forenames and credentials are never written out. Examples of References These examples of references illustrate how to cite most sources in the reference list. Books 1. Whitney E, Rolfes SR. Understanding Nutrition. 13th ed. Belmont, CA: Cengage; 2013. When listing the author’s name, the last name is written first and then the initial of the first and middle name (if applicable). There should not be a comma after the last name, just a space; do not include a space or a period between the first and middle initials. Forenames and credentials are never written out. The title of the book should be capitalized and either italicized or underlined. There is always a colon after the publication site, and there is always a semicolon after the publisher. When specific page numbers are referenced, a colon follows the publication date, with the page numbers following, no space between the colon and the page number. Complete page numbers are always listed, such as “526-527”, not “526-27.” There is only one space between elements. Scholarly Journal Articles 1. Seagle HM, Strain GW, Makris A, et al. Position of the American Dietetic Association: weight management. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(2):330-346. When listing the author’s name, the last name is written first and then the initial of the first and middle name (if applicable). There should not be a comma after the last name, just a space; do not include a space or a period between the first and middle initials. Forenames and credentials are never written out.
Bob Jones University, Foods and Nutrition Updated 22 August 2013 With the exception of the first word and proper nouns, the title of the article should be in all lowercase letters. Abbreviate periodical titles according to the US National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) abbreviations, which can be found using the NCBI database search found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/journals. If a title does not appear using this search, provide the complete title. One-word journal titles are written in full. Examples: Pediatrics, Cancer, Diabetes. Periodical and book titles should be italicized. Note that there is no space between the year (1996), the volume (150), or the page numbers (257-259). Complete page numbers are always listed, such as “257-259”, not “257-59.” If the reference material is a supplement, cite as such: 1996;(suppl):S257-S259. There is only one space between elements. Scholarly Article Published Electronically Ahead of Print 1. Gupta RS, Springston EE, Smith B, et al. Geographic variability of childhood food allergy in the United States [published online ahead of print May 17 2012]. Clin Pediatr. 2012. http://cpj.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/05/14/0009922812448526.long. Accessed July 17, 2012. Government Publications 1. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. 7th Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010. Internet Sites 1. DeNoon DJ. FDA Panel Opposes New Type of Diabetes Drug. WebMD Web site. http://diabetes.webmd.com/news/20110719/fda-panel-9-6-no-vote-on-new-type-diabetes-drug. Published July 19, 2011. Accessed August 19, 2011. Always include the entire URL (address), followed by a period, and the access date. Web site material that is only online (i.e. not an online version of a journal or other print publication) should include author or organization, the title of the page, the URL, and the access date. The title should not be italicized. Published and updated dates, if available, and access dates for Internet sites cited must be included. For example: Smith J. Risk Factors for Cancer. Cancer Risk Factors Web site. http://www.cancerriskfactors.gov . Published December 1, 2000. Updated January 15, 2008. Accessed February 1, 2008. Additional Examples of References The following website provides examples of citations for other common types of references. http://www4.samford.edu/schools/pharmacy/dic/amaquickref07.pdf
Final Paper: Critical examination of food systems issues Assignment: For the final in this class, define a topic – narrow in scope and with enough published science to support a brief review of the literature – in one of the following broader topical areas: 1) food environment and health outcomes, 2) food policy and health or environmental outcomes, 3) food and ethics, 4) food technology, entrepreneurship, and/or solutions, or 5) food systems sustainability. (You are free to contact me with your ideas if you are not sure whether they fit in one of these areas, or you would like to propose another area you are interested in.) Identify a research question within one of these umbrella issues, the exploration of which illuminates a problem or debate within the food system. You should explore the topic from a social, economic, ecological, or nutritional perspective, but you are welcome to address the topic from multiple perspectives or add perspectives of your own. You will primarily use class readings and other academic literature to research the topic, but some other sources can be used as well, specifically those from authoritative organizations (e.g., the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics or the US Department of Agriculture). You should be able to provide enough legitimate evidence to accomplish two outcomes: 1) offer some conclusion that responds to your research question, and 2) support recommendations for areas of future research OR provide ways in which the general public could apply the lessons from the literature in their own lives. Try to find a topic about which there is a question that could benefit from a literature review along both of these lines. Expectations: This will be an evidence-based paper. As such, you are to structure and compose this paper like a research paper you would submit to a journal. I do not expect you to provide opinions of your own; rather, your conclusions will be derived from, and supported by, assessments of literature you review in the paper. At a minimum, your final paper should include a short and concise introductory section describing the question/controversy/debate. It should then contain a body (headed in a logical way) that is likely to be the bulk of the paper, covering various arguments related to your main topic and supported by a sound (but of course, brief and necessarily non-systematic) literature review. Finally, the paper should conclude with a conclusions section offering areas of future research OR recommendations for the general public/practitioners. The paper should include citations throughout and a reference list at the end formatted using this course’s identified citation style (see Helpful Resources in Module 0). Result: The resulting product should be a minimum of 1500 words in length and should include all references (and perhaps more) that you covered in your annotated bibliography. Formatting should be 1-inch margins all around, 12-point font, and 1.5 spacing between lines. Include a title page with your name and a title of the paper.
Style Sheet: NTR 353
The big stuff
Make sure to think clearly about the structure of your papers
Your intro paragraph should set the stage, identifying the problem or issue to be discussed, and posing your hypothesis or thesis statement. Make sure to be precise in these details.
Your paper should contain a small number of themes, each of which will be supported by a certain number of arguments. Those arguments will be supported with data from the literature (and sometimes your own informed opinions). Themes, therefore, are the sections of your paper, arguments comprise your paragraphs (or sets of paragraphs on occasion), and data from the literature along with your opinions will make up the sentences of your paragraphs. Focus on providing more hard data rather than posing hypotheticals.
For smaller papers like these, you might have only three or four paragraphs that make up the arguments of a theme.
Your paragraphs should have their own structure. Start each one with a strong topic sentence that summarizes all that follows in that paragraph (it should relate pretty directly to your thesis statement). Subsequent sentences will substantiate the point made in your topic sentence with data, opinion, and other information. The last sentence in the paragraph should either wrap up that argument or provide segue to the next paragraph’s content (or both).
The smaller, but no less important, stuff
Attempt to write with active voice versus passive voice (almost) all the time. This is significantly harder in academic writing, but still worth the effort. Some passive voice does not necessarily detract from the quality of your writing overall as it contributes to variation in sentence structure. But if it dominates, your writing will not be compelling.
Do not use slang, vernacular, casual, or ‘loose’ language (and avoid contractions). Instead, try to use clearer and more precise language. And, avoid referring to the general ‘you.’
Make sure the claims you make are either substantiated with evidence from the literature, or are pointed opinions (avoid blanket statements and try to limit your opinion to a very specific issue…it’s much easier to argue something specific than grandiose claims).
If you make a statement that sounds like a fact, you need to have a reference. However, if you offer an opinion based on previously noted facts, then you need no reference.
Also, when you provide an opinion, flesh it out. If you believe that changing the school nutrition environment is an important thing to do from a social responsibility perspective, tell the reader why.
Make sure you read through your paper and have others read through it as well (visit the Writing Center also). The biggest issues across the class include misspellings, spacing issues, some sentence fragments, and sentences that tended towards run-ons. Fix those, and your papers will read quite a bit better.
Avoid rhetorical questions.
Watch misuse of words: their/there, affect/effect, its/it’s, who/that, less/fewer, etc.
Avoid the abuse of the poor semicolon.
Use ‘which’ after a comma; otherwise, use ‘that’
Collepals.com Plagiarism Free Papers
Are you looking for custom essay writing service or even dissertation writing services? Just request for our write my paper service, and we'll match you with the best essay writer in your subject! With an exceptional team of professional academic experts in a wide range of subjects, we can guarantee you an unrivaled quality of custom-written papers.
Get ZERO PLAGIARISM, HUMAN WRITTEN ESSAYS
Why Hire Collepals.com writers to do your paper?
Quality- We are experienced and have access to ample research materials.
We write plagiarism Free Content
Confidential- We never share or sell your personal information to third parties.
Support-Chat with us today! We are always waiting to answer all your questions.