Reply to at those two discussion attached below , separately , ?with a reflection of their response.??Please make sure to provide citations and references (in APA, 7th ed. forma

Discuss 1 (yama fonseca)

Gordon's functional health pattern is a framework that helps healthcare providers assess and analyze the individual’s well-being and overall health across various categories (Karaca, 2016). In this paper, I will compare and contrast the growth and development of a one-year-old toddler and a three-year-old toddler using this framework.

Regarding health and perception, both one-year-old and three-year-old toddlers still depend on caregivers to manage their health. They still rely on adults to provide them with a safe and healthy environment, medical needs, and healthy food.

Regarding nutrition and metabolism, there are subtle differences. According to Silver Butcher & Jones (2021), this component examines the toddler's feeding habits, dietary intake, and any other nutritional patterns. Thus, the one-year-old is transitioning from breast/formula milk to eating solids food exclusively and may have certain feeding requirements and preferences for foods with specific tastes and textures. The three-year-olds have more diverse choices of food. They also demonstrate independent eating habits and a better understanding of nutrition.

Regarding the elimination pattern, the one-year-old is still learning about bladder/bowel control; thus, diapers are used. However, the three-year-olds, in this group can control their bowel and bladder movements better, and thus many can use the toilet.

The activity/exercise pattern deals with an individual's physical activity levels, development of motor skills, play patterns, and other recreation and exercise opportunities (Turen & Enc, 2022). In both age groups, the toddlers are actively exploring their environment; however, the one-year-old crawls and walks while the three-year-old can run, climb and jump.

Sleep and rest- both age groups require adequate sleep. However, a year-old may need at least 12-14 hours of sleep every day, including daytime naps, whereas three-year-olds may need only 10-12 hours of night sleep without the necessity for daytime naps.

Regarding cognitive and perceptual patterns, at one year old, toddler is developing cognitive abilities and exploring their senses. The three-year-olds, however, have significantly improved their cognitive abilities and language skills and have a greater understanding of the environment around them.

Self-perception-self-concept pattern- toddlers usually develop a basic sense of oneself around one year old. They can recognize themselves in the mirror and also display preferences. By age three, however, the toddler's self-concept becomes widely developed, and they can display emotions, communicate better and also assert some form of independence.

Regarding patterns of roles and relationships, the one-year-old will start developing a relationship with the caregiver and the family member. The three-year-old, however, will start developing relationships with peers and developing friendships with other individuals.

Coping –stress and pattern of tolerance also happens gradually. Toddlers seek guidance and support from their caregivers. However, they start demonstrating an increased level of independence and problem-solving as they get older.

The pattern of values and beliefs. The immediate world around toddlers shapes their values and beliefs. Family values and cultural/religious beliefs influence toddlers' behavior and understanding of their world. 

Thus Gordon's functional patterns are a crucial framework when comparing the growth patterns of toddlers. Based on this framework, there are remarkable differences between a one-year-old and three year old.

References

Karaca, T. (2016). Functional Health Patterns Model – A Case Study.  Case Studies Journal.1-9.  https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3415861

Silva Butcher, R.D., & Jones, D.A. (2021). An integrative review of comprehensive nursing assessment tools developed based on Gordon's Eleven Functional Health Patterns.  International Journal of Nursing Knowledge , 32(2). http://doi.org/ 10.1111/2047-3095.12321

Türen, S. Enç, N. (2020). A comparison of Gordon's functional health patterns model and standard nursing care in symptomatic heart failure patients: A randomized controlled trial.  Applied Nursing Research,  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151247 .

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Discuss 2

Children of different ages have different milestones as they grow older. Therefore, new observable changes always guarantee the parents and guardians that the development process is on the right track. Thus, this essay will compare and contrast the growth and development patterns of 18- and 3yrs toddlers using Gordon’s functional health patterns.

The health perception and health management pattern in 18 months toddlers is that they solely depend on their parents and healthcare professionals to be healthy; in most cases, when they are sick, they cannot express it (Laud, 2021). Still, they are likely to cry as this is their way of expressing discomfort and fear, as depicted in Gordon’s functional health pattern of coping and stress tolerance. Whereas in these two categories, a three-year-old toddlers will be able to point out where they are feeling sick, and they can express themselves when they feel stressed (Stanborough, 2019). Additionally, when they are under stress, they can be easily distracted by engaging in activities they like, such as playing. 

Looking into the nutritional and metabolic pattern of the younger toddler, this child can drink well from a cup and feed using a spoon with the help of their parents. However, at this stage, the child can experience problems in their digestive system as they are still being introduced to more solid foods (Laud, 2021). Therefore, this functional health pattern is closely related to the pattern and elimination functional health, as poor nutritional metabolism will result in bad bowel movements. While a three-year-old toddler feeds well, problems in their digestion system can show through food allergies(Stanborough, 2019).

An 18 months toddler’s pattern of activity and exercise is likely to be depicted through their running, walking, and engaging in other fun activities such as playing. This also relates directly to their sleeping patterns and rest, as they are likely to sleep 12 hours daily due to their engagement in more body movements than before. Moreover, a three-year-old toddler is expected to engage in more rigorous physical activities but will have a sleep range of eight to twelve hours daily. 

Moreover, the cognitive functional health pattern of an 18 months toddler is depicted when the child identifies objects and their function. In contrast, a three-year-old toddler is likely to start asking questions about things surrounding them, and they speak fluently with a good memory. Considering the pattern of self-perception, self-concept, and sexual reproductive functions, the 18 months toddler can respond to their names but is unaware of the various genders that exist. In contrast, a three-year-old toddler can respond to their name and need to belong to a social setting such as a playgroup and know the genders around them (Laud, 2021).

 The pattern of values and beliefs in an 18-month-old toddler differs from the three-year-old, as the older one is aware of the good and bad deeds taught by their parents. In contrast, the younger toddler cannot differentiate between good and bad. Therefore, they fully depend on their guardians to guide them. In conclusion, all these functions assist in assessing a child's physical, cognitive, language, social, and emotional development 

References

Laud, Catherine chingboo’. (2021, August 19). Sample Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern: Intestinal Obstruction PowerPoint Presentation. General Santos. 

Stanborough, R. J. (2019, December 9).  Understanding the stages of child development. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/childrens-health/stages-of-child-development

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