For this speech, you will be asked to negate the position you argued for your affirmative speech. Now that you are arguing the negative position, you will offer reaso

Deepfake Technology Abrahim Ibrahim

Cal State Los Angeles Comm1200 Dr.Grau 3/21/23

I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Abhijit Naskar, one of the most prominent neuroscientists and

an unwavering advocate of global peace and harmony, in his book "The Gospel of Technology," mentioned, "In an attempt to ruin my reputation in society, if some extremist group makes a deep fake video of me forcefully trying to have sex with a woman and posts it on the internet, you literally have no way of not believing that it's me." (Naskar, 2020). Thus, deepfake technology poses a serious threat to our privacy and security, and we must address this issue before it is too late.

B. Thesis:While deep fake technology has many beneficial applications, the danger of malicious use and manipulation will likely allow its unregulated use. As a result, we must control the use of deepfake technology to prevent abuse and adverse consequences.

C. Preview: First, I will explain the Affirmative argument for the advantages of deepfake technology. Then I will explain why I disagree with the affirmative and argue that the risks of deepfake technology outweigh any benefits. Finally, I will present a counter-plan to regulate deepfake technology to prevent its harmful use.

Transition: First, let us begin by considering the Affirmative argument favoring deepfake technology.

II. Body A. The Affirmative noted that deepfake technology has a lot of potential to benefit

society. For example, it can be used to create realistic simulations for training purposes, create virtual influencers for marketing, and generate more realistic special effects in films.

1. The affirmative argued that deepfake technology can be very helpful to the entertainment industry by: improving the quality of special effects and opening up new avenues for storytelling, bringing back deceased actors to star in new films, or creating virtual versions of historical figures to educate and engage audiences.

2. Deepfake technology, according to the affirmative, can also be used in education and training by creating realistic simulations for training purposes, such as medical simulations or military training exercises. These

simulations can provide a safe and controlled environment for people to practice and improve their skills without endangering themselves or others.

Review evidence:While deepfake technology has numerous advantages, it also has major drawbacks that must be considered.

Transition: I disagree with the affirmative and believe that the risk of abuse and malicious use of deepfake technology outweighs the benefits.

B. The argument advanced by the Affirmative ignores the potential for malicious use of deepfake technology, such as political manipulation, fraud, and cyberbullying.

1. Deepfake technology can be used to generate fake news or deceptive videos that spread misinformation.

a. According to a Pew Research Center poll conducted in 2019, 64% of American adults believe that fake news and information make it difficult to know what to believe, and 54% believe that it undermines trust in government institutions (Perrin, 2019).

b. In 2018, filmmaker Jordan Peele collaborated with Buzzfeed to create a deepfake video of former US President Barack Obama, raising awareness about the potential for deepfake technology to be used for malicious purposes. Peele imitated Obama's voice and used artificial intelligence technology to create a convincing fake video of Obama speaking in the video. The video was created to appear as a public service warning about deepfake technology's dangers (Pantserev, 2020).

2. Deepfake technology can be used to generate fake videos or images, which can harm a person's reputation or credibility. In a 2020 survey conducted by Ipsos, 31% of Americans reported that they or someone they know had been the victim of image or video-based abuse, with deepfake technology being used in 63% of these incidents (Ipsos, 2020).

3. Deepfake technology can be used to create fake videos or images for cyberbullying. According to a 2020 study conducted by the Cyberbullying Research Center, 36% of American teens have experienced cyberbullying, and 25% have witnessed someone cyberbullied using deepfake technology (Hinduja & Patchin, 2020).

4. Deepfake technology can generate fake videos or images that can influence public opinion during elections, thus influencing democracy. In a 2021 Edelman poll, 71% of Americans expressed concern about using deepfake technology in political campaigns.

Transition:While the potential for deepfake technology abuse and malicious use is significant, there is still hope for regulation to prevent its harmful effects.

C. The Affirmative proposed solution of banning deepfake technology altogether is not practical, as it has positive applications that align with the ever-changing world. A better solution would be to regulate the use of deepfake technology to prevent harmful applications while still allowing for positive applications.

1. Deepfake technology is expected to have a positive economic impact in the coming years, with the potential to generate up to $5.2 billion in revenue by 2026, according to a World Economic Forum report (World Economic Forum, 2021).

2. Banning deepfake technology altogether may not be practical or effective in preventing its harmful use, as the technology can be developed and distributed in countries with looser regulations. Instead, regulating deepfake technology can help prevent its misuse while allowing for its positive applications (Mahmud & Sharmin, 2021).

3. According to a Pew Research Center poll conducted in 2019, most Americans (56%) believe that technology companies, not the government, should take the lead in regulating the use of deepfake technology (Perrin, 2019). This suggests that a collaborative approach between technology companies and government regulation may be more effective in mitigating the risks of deepfake technology.

4. Westerlund (2019) also suggested that ethical guidelines and regulations for using deepfake technology in the entertainment industry be developed.

Transition: Regulating deepfake technology can help mitigate its negative effects while allowing for its positive applications in education and entertainment.

III. Conclusion A. Review: The Affirmative argues that deepfake technology has benefits, but the

potential for malicious use and manipulation outweighs any benefits. Deepfake technology must be regulated in order to avoid abuse and negative consequences.

B. New Thesis:While deepfake technology can potentially transform industries such as entertainment and education, it also poses a serious threat to individual privacy, national security, and democratic processes. As a result, policymakers must act swiftly to regulate the development and use of deepfakes to avoid their negative effects.

C. Closing Thought/Clincher:While the potential benefits of deepfake technology are significant, the risks are equally severe. To protect our democracy, privacy, and security, policymakers and individuals must recognize the risks and take steps to ensure that deepfake technology is developed and used responsibly.

References Edelman. (2021). Edelman Trust Barometer 2021.

https://www.edelman.com/trust/2021-trust-barometer Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2020). State of cyberbullying in the US: Research and

resources. Cyberbullying Research Center. https://cyberbullying.org/state-of-cyberbullying-in-the-us-research-and-resources

Ipsos. (2020). The reality of deepfakes. https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/news-polls/reality-deepfakes

Mahmud, B. U., & Sharmin, A. (2021). Deep insights of deepfake technology: A review. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.00192.

Naskar, A. (2020). The Gospel of Technology. Neuro Cookies. Pantserev, K. A. (2020). The malicious use of AI-based deepfake technology as the new

threat to psychological security and political stability. Cyber defence in the age of AI, smart societies and augmented humanity, 37-55.

Perrin, A. (2019). Americans' attitudes about misinformation and fake news. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/06/05/americans-attitudes-about-misinfo rmation-and-fake-news/

Westerlund, Mika. "The emergence of deepfake technology: A review." Technology innovation management review 9.11 (2019).