The Spiral Jetty is an earthwork located in Great Salt Lake, Utah created In 1970.
1. Good Morning Class,
The Spiral Jetty is an earthwork located in Great Salt Lake, Utah created In 1970. The Spiral Jetty is a 1,500 ft long and 15 ft wide coil, surrounded by red colored water caused by the algae and created by Robert Smithson. Smithson used a variety of resources to accomplish this, he gathered sand from the lake and over 6,000 tons of black basalt rocks to form this counterclockwise coil starting at the lake shore. This earthwork was created at a time where the Utah water levels were significantly low, therefore, it was so easy to see the spiral. The Spiral jetty went underwater for almost 30 years, this due to rain and high water. Smithson’s idea for the Spiral Jetty was the condition of the universe turning into chaos, while the humans evolve backwards. This sculpture is totally different from what we see on a museum. On a museum, we see paints, historic artifacts and objects that are a part of our history. The Spiral Jetty is the vision of a man who planned and had a perspective on humanity and the universe, and this is something we will not find in a museum.
The Serpent Mound, as the name suggests, looks like a giant serpent, with a tail at the end of the west end and a head on the east. The Serpent Mound is 400 meters long, has a 3.9 to 4.9 ft heigh in some areas and a 19.7 to 24.9 ft in width. This sculpture is located in Adams, Ohio, this site was impacted by an ancient meteor 300 million years ago. According to History, the Serpent Mount was created by Native American cultures: The Early Woodland Adena culture (500 B.C. to 200 A.D.) or Late Prehistoric Fort Ancient culture (1000 to 1650 A.D.) It is believed for this site to have spiritual purpose, due to those native cultures revered snakes. It is also believed the creator or creators of this sculpture had the intention of creating a burial ground to guide spirits, although no remains have been recovered, even through various excavations. Another purpose for this site could be a compass to identify the true north due to the head of the serpent matching the summer solstice and the tail matching the winter solstice. The Serpent Mound is different from gallery sculpture. This sculpture was created with spiritual intentions, believes and guidance purposes. This tells us that art, no matter size or form, will always have a message, even after millions of years.
The Reconstructed Icicles as the name suggests, are icicles made by man, on this occasion, this man was Andy Goldsworthy. in 1987, Goldsworthy used his hands and saliva to delicately create these icicles, ensuring they had firmly glued one another. To avoid any sunlight, heat, or damage, he waited until the dark and early hours of the morning to work on them. This sculpture shows dedication and patience, touching ice with bare hands for a various a long period of time is painful. The artist’s message on this sculpture is to prove that human Hands are as capable as machines and that we are capable of many things if we put dedication and effort towards what we want to accomplish. The difference from this sculpture and gallery sculptures is that the artist went above and beyond to show the capabilities of humanity, machines are indeed helpful and resourceful, but the human mind can go beyond imagination, through pain and sacrifices.
Joshua
2. Hello, class
The Pantheon is a massive monument that was built in ancient Rome in 125 A.D. for the Roman Empire during the time of Emperor Hadrian. Although there is confusion around the original architect of The Pantheon was, it is believed to be Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, who was the son-in-law of Emperor Augustus during the beginning of the Roman Empire around 25 B.C. According to historians at history.com, the building originally gets its name from the Greek words pan, meaning “all”, and theos, meaning “gods”. This lends to the idea that the original Pantheon was constructed as a temple for Roman gods. However, in 609 A.D. the structure was converted to a Christian church by Pope Boniface IV with permission from Byzantine emperor Phocas. Much of the architecture is made from bricks and concrete; however, the interior walls and floor have marble and gilt to lend to its artistic appeal. One of the more prominent characteristics of The Pantheon is the use of post and lintel construction of multiple pillars holding the front roof, which can be seen immediately at the front of the structure. Another noticeable technique used is a dome ceiling over the top of the structure which measures 142 feet in diameter. Curiously, the top of the dome has a 27-foot-wide oculus with no covering which allows light and rain into the Pantheon. The Pantheon was the first of its kind of architecture paving the way for similarly structured buildings like it in the future and in other civilizations.
The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889 by Gustave Eiffel as part of a celebration of the 100th year anniversary of the French Revolution. The tower was built in Paris, France and, according to the official Eiffel Tower website, was built to study the possibility of erecting an iron tower on the Champ-de-Mars with a square base 125 meters across and 300 meters tall. Its construction consists of primarily iron with approximately 2.5 million rivets helping keep the structure together. The architect of the Eiffel Tower, Gustave Eiffel, was the one selected out of 107 different projects for the World’s Fair of 1889. The structure uses cast iron beams which begin wide and separated at the base and then come together 300 meters above at the top. The structure is also designed to have efficient wind resistance due to the direction of the beams and arched base. Originally, the Eiffel Tower’s importance was known from its dedication to the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. Today, however, the structure now serves as the largest piece of symbolism for the country of France, which sees 7 million visitors each year on average.
Fallingwater is a weekend residence house which was built in 1937 and designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. According to Alicja Zelazko from Britannica, Wright originally constructed the house for Edgar and Liliane Kaufmann for them to use on land that they had owned southeast of Pittsburgh. After the Kaufmann’s stated that they wanted the house to be facing the nearby waterfall, Wright had instead planned to situate the house above the waterfall. According to Wright, he did not want to limit the waterfall to only being a view from a window that may be easily forgotten. He instead wanted the ambiance of flowing water to be always present with the people in the house and for anyone living there to be reminded of the presence of nature. Fallingwater itself was constructed using primarily earthworks; what Wright themed as “organic architecture”. The construction uses stone and wood in its composition that have, however, deteriorated over time. Fallingwater would have to be repaired by adding steel cables to the structure decades after construction. Unlike most architects, Wright did not want to focus the attention on the construction itself, but rather on the natural environment that surrounded the structure and wanted to create the example that humans and nature can live together without sacrificing one for the other.
Mike
3. opic 1:
Gallery sculpture is different than other sculpture because it was created to fill a space in a place such as a museum and sold to “whoever can afford it”. Gallery sculpture is typically created and/or bought to fit a certain aesthetic of a place. I think gallery sculptures main difference from other sculpture would be the meaning of it. Most art is created by someone and they put emotion, precision, and thought into it. Gallery sculpture, in my opinion, is more-so to fill a space. Yes, people admire it and they will all interpret it differently, it is still art, but it seems like the price of it is more important than the meaning itself. The artist still took the time, energy, and thought into creating it, but it was sold to fit in with a vibe rather than be admired individually. The main difference is the individualism of the art. When in a room full of sculptures, it is hard to appreciate and really admire just one. I have not been to a sculpture garden, but it seems as though many of them have permanent sculptures that are built specifically for the presentation of the art at that particular location.
Spiral Jetty was created by Robert Smithson in 1970. The sculpture is located and was created in the peninsula of Rozel Point in Utah. Spiral Jetty was created by Smithson using dump trucks, a tractor, and a front loader. These machines were used to move over six thousand tons of black basalt rocks as well as earth taken directly from the location it was created. These materials came together to form a 1,500 foot long, 15 foot wide sculpture that winds counterclockwise. It goes off of the shore and into the water. In 1999, the sculpture was donated to Dia Art Foundation, which greatly appreciates the sculpture. What is so unique about the sculpture is the fact that Smithson created it because he knew it would be in a “constant state of transformation”. Smithson claimed to have liked the fact that the art was never going to be in an exact fixed position, that it would begin to “decay” the moment it was created. Smithson chose the area of the sculpture based on the lake’s unusual economic and geographic properties. The lake has a reddish color to the water, which was different, and the material used was hardened lava from volcanoes that no longer existed in the area. Smithson said “‘I like landscapes that suggest prehistory'”. This sculpture certainly does. The massive, spiraling mound of earth is not only inspiring, but it is also impressive. I look at it and see a piece of art created from the Earth we live on itself, and it reminds me that there is beauty and life in everything.
Serpent Mound is considered to be a National Historic Landmark built by ancient American Indian cultures of Ohio. It is called an “effigy” mound which means it is in the shape of an animal. It is the world’s largest surviving effigy from prehistoric eras. The mound is a snake with a curled tail, and is 1,348 feet long with a height between 3.9-4.9 feet and width between 19.7 to 24.9 feet. What is so special about this work of art is the fact that we do not know for sure who created it or why. Many people think it has a spiritual or religious meaning, because serpents typically do. According to my research, there are three burial grounds nearby the Serpent Mound. Two of the burials were said to be created by the Adena culture, dated 800 B.C.-A.D. 100. One of the burials was said to be created by the Ancient culture, dated A.D. 100-1650. These were the two predominant Native American Cultures: The Early Woodland Adena and The Late Prehistoric Fort Ancient. There is no definite answer to which created this mound, but Adena was said to be the most likely to have created it. This was based on other Adena artworks and the similarity between them, yet there are suspicions that the Fort Ancient cultures renovated/modified it. Radiocarbon dating put an age of 900 years on this specific mound. The Serpent Mound is now said to be up and coming as one of the World’s Wonders, which makes people more encouraged to invest in the preservation of it. This work of art has much history and meaning to it, and it is a shame that we have no facts of what the meaning was for creating it. We do have assumptions based on surrounding work, and we do have clues based on the mound itself and the detail, but there are no hard facts as to who created this and why. When I look at this piece I, again, see something created from the Earth itself. There is definitely something that triggers a spiritual feeling when looking at it. I would say that this was built for religious/spiritual purpose because of the serpent shape, the fact that it was made from the earth, and because of the surrounding mounds being burial grounds.
Andy Goldsworthy’s Reconstructed Icicles was created in 2010. Goldsworthy’s work resembles that of Smithson, the artist I wrote about earlier in this post who created Spiral Jetty. They both create sculptures out of nature and enjoy the fact that it will not remain the same precise, geometric form it was initially created in. Goldsworthy, who is still alive, enjoys the precision and elegance of what the art was when it first was created, but loves that nature would take a toll and cause it to decay and/or change. Documents such as photographs, drawings, and more are the only way to preserve the art. That seems to be what makes it so special. Goldsworthy is known for creating things using materials from nature such as grass, stones, snow, twigs, clay, etc. Goldsworthy tends to make sure there is no clear line between nature, sculpture, and architecture in his work. In Reconstructed Icicles, Goldsworthy uses a very geometric style that icicles usually would not form in, combining both nature and architecture in one. Some of the icicles almost resemble a chandelier or some kind of decoration you would hang from your ceiling, yet the aspect of nature itself is still there. These pieces truly help you see the beauty in nature, as well as what it could become if we used it more in architecture.
Sean
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