Developmental topic
Explain how the information helps you better understand the related developmental topic. What did you learn? How does it connect to what you already know? Do you have any critiques of the information?
Attachment in all aspects, physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually and psychologically has an effect and impact in the infant development or even in some stages to every human being. The value of early newborn connection cannot be emphasized. It is crucial to proper child development and builds the groundwork for personal relationships with others, including spouses and children. It has an impact on parents’ skills to nurture and respond to their children.
Attachment theory is the theory that people are born with a need to form a close emotional bond with their caregiver, and that such bond develops during the first six months of life when the caregiver responds appropriately. A central theme of attachment theory is that primary caregivers who are responsive to an infant’s needs provide a sense of security to the infant. Infants learn that caregivers can be trusted, creating a safe foundation for children to explore the world. (Bretherton & Munholland) Behavioral Theory of attachment suggests that infants bond with caregivers who provide food. In contrast, Harlow’s explanation is that attachment develops as a result of mothers providing “tactile comfort”, and infants have the ability to touch and hold something for emotional comfort. It suggests that there is an innate (biological) need to touch and cling to something for emotional comfort. (Harry Harlow)
Described by zoologist Konrad Lorenz in the 1930s, imprinting occurs when animals hatch and bond with the first thing they see. Lorenz found that newly hatched geese chase the first moving object they see. He found that geese chase the first moving object they see. This process is known as imprinting, suggesting that attachment is innate and genetically programmed. Lorenz believed that once a mark was made, it could not be undone, nor could a goose make another mark.
Bowlby believed that five attachment behaviors, sucking, clinging, following, crying and smiling evolved in humans through natural selection. These behaviors form an attachment behavior system that protects immature offspring and increases the child’s chances of survival. Bowlby identified four stages of attachment development between infants and caregivers: 0-3 months, 3-6 months, 6 months to 3 years, and 3 years to the end of infancy. “Infants and children need to form secure attachments with a few adults who are special to them.” (Bowlby’s Stages)
In conclusion, these social and emotional attachment and development does not change over the lifespan, it only improved but everything they learned, adapted and practiced will remain from cradle to death. The experiences will be instilled in the heart, mind and soul of every individual. That is how powerful, meaningful and realistic the personal, emotional, social and intellectual attachment.
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