Environmental Toxicology Applications in Public Health Assignment
HSC4507/PHC6304 Environmental Toxicology Applications in Public Health Assignment 3 50 points total Introduction: In the first assignment, you ranked chemicals based on their chemical characteristics. In the second assignment you examined how chemical characteristics influenced the fate of an assigned chemical. In assignment 3 we will focus on concepts that are related to exposure, dose response, and toxicity. Please read the instructions for each question to ensure you understand what is being asked. You will use the lectures, literature, and the data given in the assignment to answer the questions. You may use any non- human source at your disposal to answer the questions. All sources must be cited to receive full credit. This is an individual assignment. Please do not work with any other student on this assignment. The assignment should be turned in via canvas by uploading through this assignment page. 1. If you were going to design a toxicity experiment to test the oral toxicity of the three chemicals that were given last week: a. Name three design elements that you would need to consider before performing the experiment (1 point for each design element) b. Name two assumptions that need to be met in your designed and explain why they are important (1-2 sentences per assumption, 4 points per assumption) Below is a set of hypothetical dose response curves for the three chemicals that were assigned last week. Please examine the curves to determine the LCSO, LOAEL, and NOAEL for EACH chemical, not just the one you were assigned last week (1 point for each value, 9 points total). Acrylamide Dieldrin Benzene 100 90 80 70 >- % 60 g 50 CE 40 30 20 10 U 1 10 100 1000 Concentration (pg/L)
3. Please explain the concept of first pass metabolism and how, depending on the chemical, it may increase or decrease a chemicals toxicity in the body (3-4 sentences, 10 points). 4. Many organophophate pesticides are classified as acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Please provide a detailed explanation of how these chemicals cause toxicity. Which organ system is affected, which biomolecules are involved, and what is the ultimate cause of death? (Minimum 4 sentences, 10 points) 5. Tamoxifen is a potent estrogen receptor antagonist. Please explain what this means and what organ system or systems would it effect? (Minimum 4 sentences, 10 points)
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