In response to your peers, provide a pro or con to your peer’s response, supported by research. Discuss how policies could enable proper ethical responses or how ethics could help
In response to your peers, provide a pro or con to your peer's response, supported by research. Discuss how policies could enable proper ethical responses or how ethics could help define proper policies. Finally, illustrate how you would have handled this situation.
To answer the questions, I have selected Scenario 1 from the options above; please refer to that for information about the scenario.
The challenges in the scenario all stem from a data integrity standpoint and a conflict of interest standpoint. First, let's dive into the battle of interest portion; this comes from the other physician's suggestion to hire you for the said research project. If this project receives time during work hours, they will use the overarching organization's money to fund the individual's research. If it were ever brought up to the finance department, they would see a rather significant issue with this. One step to address this would be to talk with the other physician and tell him that you would love to help, but it will be outside work hours. The second area where there are challenges is data integrity and ethics surrounding the missing data from the database. This information is vital to conclude whether the research study is viable as an option for future development. This also means they risk putting all this work in for no reward because of falsified/omitted data. To provide some corrective action, I would take a ten-minute meeting to talk to him about the importance of including all data in these sets. If nothing changes and patients continue to be removed from the database, I would ask to be removed from the project and seise help with the data mining. There are severe consequences for falsifying data, and you can be subject to a $10,000 to $50,000 fine. This range is for significant offenses but includes " …instances in which the person acted in deliberate ignorance or reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information." (USHHS, 2021) In this case, it seems like a deliberate response to data that impacts the physician's results in the study.
I think the American Journal of Public Health has an excellent grasp of how the relationship between ethics and policy is intertwined. It is best put with this quote from C. Petrini speaking on health policy affecting ethics; "Ethics is more concerned with theoretical reflections, whereas health policies direct concrete courses of action; yet, ethics loses its purpose if it does not guide specific, practical policies." (Petrini, 2010) This quote shows that ethics are lost without the practical guiding policy to enable and align healthcare networks on courses of action for how to operate. Although, in some instances, ethics do not line up with policy, this is where problems arise because then it is left up to the individual to make the ethical decision in which the care is correct for the patient. This is where you could see some individual ethics affect the care provided to the individual. Also, suppose someone is in the hospital for an extended period and sees multiple doctors. In that case, they could receive varying opinions on what to do in said scenario. Like in this scenario, if the doctor said to keep removing extraneously insufficient data and then turned the research over to another doctor, that change could skew the perfect data they were seeing because the new doctor includes all data in the set. They both fall under organizational policy. Still, the individual's ethics involved in the research would destroy the results and make the study, not a worthwhile endeavor for the hospital to receive grants.
References:
USHHS. (2021, October 5). Fraud & abuse laws. Office of Inspector General | Government Oversight | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved September 26, 2022, from https://oig.hhs.gov/compliance/physician-education/fraud-abuse-laws/
Petrini C. (2010). Ethics-based public health policy? American journal of public health, 100(2), 197–198. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.181511
Christina Discussion:
I choose to discuss the implications and challenges following Scenario 2.
In this scenario, the challenges present are a lost laptop with sensitive information, putting sensitive information in jeopardy if exposed, and the possibility of losing my job due to the misplaced laptop. Some steps to address these challenges are to track the device if there is a tracking function and to report the stolen device to the company. In a situation like this, a health care organization must be able to quickly perform a risk assessment that will review a potential breach, identify whether it is reportable, and, if it is reportable, provide notice of the breach to all individuals whose PHI was subject to the breach and remediate the problem by offering credit monitoring to individuals whose PHI was subject to the breach(West K. (2014).
The relationship between ethics and policy is that ethics appears more concerned with theoretical reflections, whereas health policies direct concrete courses of action. Ethics is only significant if it guides specific policies. Their entwinement with the three critical domains of evidence-based policy processes, contents, and outcomes. An ethically sound health policy is likely to be a practical, effective health policy (Petrini C., 2010).
If individual ethics do not align with organizational policy, it may result in possible disciplinary action. Working for an ethical organization results in a better work environment and the professional development of ethical behavior (Brodhead, M. T., Quigley, S. P., & Cox, D. J. 2018). Ethics is the umbrella under which clients receive the most effective treatment under the most capable behavior-analytic service delivery system available (Bailey & Burch, 2016).
References
West K. (2014). Patient medical information at risk from stolen computers. Missouri medicine, 111(1), 10–12.
Petrini C. (2010). Ethics-based public health policy?. American journal of public health, 100(2), 197–198. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.181511
Brodhead, M. T., Quigley, S. P., & Cox, D. J. (2018). How to Identify Ethical Practices in Organizations Prior to Employment. Behavior analysis in practice, 11(2), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-018-0235-y
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