Come up with an example where you are a project manager and are responsible for the overall project. In this project you need to explain the process framework and in each phase exp

Integration Management

Chapter 4

© Copyright 2003 – 2020 by Andy Crowe. Printed and bound in the United States of America. All

rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,

electronic or mechanical, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or

mechanical, without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Although the author and publisher have made every effort to ensure accuracy and completeness of

information entered in this book, we assume no responsibility for errors, inaccuracies, omissions, or

inconsistencies included herein. Any slights of people, places, or organizations are completely

unintentional.

“PMI,” “PMP,” and “PMBOK” are certi�cation marks in the United States and other nations, registered

to the Project Management Institute, Inc.

All inquiries should be addressed to (e-mail): [email protected]

First Edition, May, 2003; Second Edition, June, 2004; ird Edition, October, 2005; Fourth Edition,

April, 2009; Fih Edition, May, 2013; Sixth Edition, 2018,

Sixth Edition Plus Agile,

First Printing April, 2020;

Second Printing December, 2020;

ird Printing March, 2021

International Standard Book No. ISBN-13: 978-1-7320557-1-1

ATTENTION CORPORATIONS, UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES, AND PROFESSIONAL

ORGANIZATIONS. Quantity discounts are available on bulk purchases of this book. For

information, please contact [email protected]

To Bill Yates, Louis Alderman, and Adriana Greene. Your patience, expertise,

and talent brought order to chaos and helped make this book what it is.

Also by Andy Crowe

THE PMI-ACP EXAM

How to Pass On Your First Try

e most trusted book on the PMI-ACP exam with everything you need to

prepare and pass conveniently organized in a single reference.

ALPHA PROJECT MANAGERS

What the Top 2% Know at Everyone Else Does Not

Imagine having access to the top project managers from organizations and

industries around the world and having the chance to uncover what they do,

how they approach their challenges and what they know. is book gets you

inside the minds of these top managers and shares their practices, their

attitudes and their secrets.

Available on Amazon.com

Contents

Forward

About the Author

About Velociteach

Introduction

Conventions Used in this book

01 THE EXAM

What the Exam Tests

A Passing Grade

e Exam Material

Getting to the Test (Application)

Requirements to Apply with a College Diploma

Requirements to Apply without a College Diploma

Ongoing Education

e Testing Environment

e Time Limit

Question Formats

02 FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Essential Terms

Project Roles

Project Context

Common Inputs, Tools, Techniques, and Outputs

Understanding Agile

Methodologies

Traditional Waterfall Projects

e Agile Way

Predictive, Agile, and Hybrid Approaches

e Manifesto for Agile Soware Development

Agile Principles

Team and Roles

Planning with Agile

Product Vision Statement

Personas and Extreme Personas

Wireframes

Agile emes

User Stories and Story Cards

Story Maps

Features

Minimally Marketable Feature

Task

Value Streaming Mapping

Rolling Wave Planning

Test-First Development

De�nition of “Done”

Agile Estimating

Wideband Delphi Estimating

Planning Poker

Affinity Estimating

Idea Time

Iteration and Release Planning

Agile Modeling

Timeboxing

Continuous Integration

Working with Agile

Ground Rules

Servant Leadership

Which Approach is Best?

Summary

Foundational Terms and Concepts Questions and Answers

03 PROCESS FRAMEWORK

Importance

Preparation

Essential Terms

Organization

Process Group 1 – Initiating

Process Group 2 – Planning

Process Group 3 – Executing

Process Group 4 – Monitoring & Controlling

Process Group 5 – Closing

Processes of Project Management

04 INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Develop Project Charter

Develop Project Management Plan

Direct and Manage Project Work

Manage Project Knowledge

Monitor and Control Project Work

Perform Integrated Change Control

Close Project or Phase

Agile Perspective

Integration Management Questions & Answers

05 SCOPE MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Plan Scope Management

Collect Requirements

Define Scope

Create WBS

Validate Scope

Control Scope

Agile Perspective

Scope Management Questions & Answers

06 SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Plan Schedule Management

Define Activities

Sequence Activities

Estimate Activity Durations

Develop Schedule

Control Schedule

Agile Perspective

Special Focus: Critical Path Method

Summary of Key Terms

Exercises & Answers

Schedule Management Questions & Answers

07 COST MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Important Concepts

Plan Cost Management

Estimate Costs

Determine Budget

Control Costs

Agile Perspective

Special Focus: Earned Value

Exercises & Answers

Cost Management Questions & Answers

08 QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

De�nition of Quality

Processes

Quality Terms and Philosophies

Plan Quality Management

Manage Quality

Control Quality

Agile Perspective

Quality Management Questions & Answers

09 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Plan Resource Management

Estimate Activity Resources

Acquire Resources

Develop Team

Manage Team

Control Resources

Agile Perspective

Resource Management Questions & Answers

10 COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Project Manager’s Role in Communications

Plan Communications Management

Manage Communications

Monitor Communications

Agile Perspective

Exercises & Answers

Communications Management Questions & Answers

11 RISK MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Plan Risk Management

Identify Risks

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

Plan Risk Responses

Implement Risk Responses

Monitor Risks

Agile Perspective

Risk Management Questions & Answers

12 PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Roles

Contracts

Plan Procurement Management

Conduct Procurements

Control Procurements

Agile Perspective

Procurement Management Questions & Answers

13 STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT

Philosophy

Importance

Preparation

Processes

Identify Stakeholders

Plan Stakeholder Engagement

Manage Stakeholder Engagement

Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Agile Perspective

Stakeholder Management Questions & Answers

14 HOW TO PASS THE PMP EXAM

e PMP Exam

Reading the Questions

A Guessing Strategy

Spotting Tricks and Traps

Don’t Get Stuck

Exam Time Management

Scratch Paper

Budgeting Your Time

Managing Your Review

General Advice

Managing Anxiety

Professional Conduct

15 FINAL EXAM

Final Exam Questions

Final Exam Answers

Glossary of Terms

Foreword

is edition of the PMP Exam: How To Pass On Your First Try is an

expansive update for the January 2021 exam change. is book has helped

people all over the world to pass the infamous PMP exam.

In order to pass the PMP exam, you have to demonstrate your knowledge

and your ability to apply that knowledge in difficult situations. In the most

frustrating scenarios, there is no answer that is clearly correct, or if there is,

it is not represented in the choices. Studying for PMP certi�cation takes a

signi�cant amount of commitment and effort, but knowing what to study

should be effortless. at’s where this book comes in.

Agile concepts were �rst introduced in the PMP exam in early 2018, but

with the January 2021 exam update, they represented a full 50% of the exam.

is is an acknowledgement of the growth of agile and hybrid models that

blend agile and traditional approaches, and these approaches can frequently

be at odds with the traditionally predictive, “waterfall” approach.

Understanding how to read and decode these questions is one of the most

important skills you can develop.

is edition also has accompanying video segments. People learn through a

variety of styles, and video is used to reinforce key points.

Several resources exist for PMP exam preparation, so why should this be the

one volume you use? Because it is designed from page one to be better. It is

clearly organized and presents the material in an easily understandable

format without insulting the reader’s intelligence. Every process, input, tool

and technique, and output is clearly explained, and the reasons underlying

each are addressed. Agile and hybrid concepts are clearly explained with a

focus on the exam. ere is also a glossary of terms in the back that is an

excellent reference by itself.

is book works well as a stand-alone resource, but there are other resources

available that will enhance and complement it. ere is a laminated quick

reference guide that organizes key concepts. ere are audio resources

where exam content is discussed. ere is also an app that delivers

�ashcards. Combined with the online companion website,

insite.velociteach.com, you’ll �nd more than enough to help you prepare to

pass the PMP exam. I believe you will �nd this end result to be the most

complete, concise, and up-to date study resource.

Here’s to your success!

ANDY CROWE, PMP, PgMP, PMI-ACP

About the Author

About the Author

Andy Crowe, PMP, PgMP, PMI-ACP speaks, writes, and researches

proli�cally on project management. In addition to this book, he has

authored Alpha Project Managers: What e Top 2% Know that Everyone

Else Does Not and e PMI-ACP Exam: How To Pass On Your First Try.

Crowe is founder and CEO of Velociteach, a company passionate about the

sharing the best practices in project management, headquartered in

Kennesaw, GA. He spends much of his time writing in the Blue Ridge

Mountains.

About Velociteach

About Velociteach

Velociteach, a Kennesaw, GA company, has been named e Project

Management Institute’s Continuing Professional Education Provider of

the Year and one of the US Chamber of Commerce’s top 100 small

businesses. Velociteach offers training around the world, teaching

certi�cation and advanced project management theory and practice. Full

details on this and other course offerings are available online at

www.velociteach.com.

Stay Current

Get updates from Velociteach at twitter.com/velociteach.

Ask exam-related questions, participate in discussions, and stay on top

of trends and best practices in project management by communicating

with Andy and the Velociteach team via their project management blog

at savvypm.velociteach.com.

Get exam tips, free content, and special offers by liking this book at

facebook.com/PMPExam

“Manage is, the Podcast by Project Managers for Project Managers”, is

an easy and free way for you to earn your PDUs while listening to

thought leaders in the project management industry. Start earning free

PDUs today! https://www.velociteach.com/category/podcast/

Introduction

e best part of my job has to be hearing from people who bought this

book, took an online class, or attended one of our project management

boot camps. Practically every day I get email from someone who passed

the PMP exam, and it always brightens my day. I read them all, and I try

to respond to each of them. Being on the receiving end of hundreds of

“thank you” letters each year is incredibly rewarding and also quite

humbling.

I wrote the �rst edition of this book in 2002, and I have worked on it

constantly to keep it accurate and relevant. It is a labor of love.

is edition is packed with new content, new questions and more

diagrams. e most signi�cant update is the introduction of more agile

content. Each question was carefully craed to be compatible with the

January 2021 exam change. ose who are familiar with earlier editions

will �nd this edition to be an upgrade in virtually every way.

ere is an old saying, “If it were easy, everyone would do it.” Among the

many certi�cations available today, the PMP stands out as the most

prestigious, in part because it is considered highly difficult to attain.

is book will cut down on the difficulty factors and demystify the

material. In the following chapters, you will �nd exactly what you need

to study for the test, how to learn it, how to apply it, and why it is

important. e PMP Exam: How to Pass on Your First Try is a complete

resource to help you prepare fully for the PMP certi�cation exam.

In order to get the most from your efforts, you should read the material

in this book, practice the examples, and then take and re-take the sample

exam, reading the explanations that accompany each question.

Additionally, Chapter 14 was written to help you know when you are

ready to take the exam.

All in all, you should �nd your preparation for PMP certi�cation a

highly rewarding experience. Aside from the �nancial and career

bene�ts that accompany it, PMP certi�cation is a very worthy goal. e

PMP is one of the most recognizable certi�cations you can earn,

recognized by nearly every industry and in over 120 countries around

the world.

Conventions Used

Conventions Used in this Book

e 6th edition of e PMP Exam: How to Pass on Your First Try is

structured differently than other exam preparation materials. Some of the

key features that will help you get the most from this book are listed below:

In order to create a comprehensive reference, every process, input, tool

and technique, and output is included, but to help you prioritize your

study, key information for the exam is designated by a symbol next to

topics of particular importance.

ere is a structure and priority to the material. e book will guide

you, and by the time you have read a chapter or two and taken a couple

of the quizzes, you will start to understand. By studying the right

information with the proper emphasis, you can be con�dent of passing.

You will also �nd many topics not even mentioned in the PMBOK®

Guide expanded on quite heavily in this book. ese come from

recognized sources and volumes on which the exam relies.

e philosophy behind each knowledge area and many of the sub-

topics is explained. Because several questions on the PMP Exam

require you to apply the information instead of simply regurgitating it,

you must understand “why” the information is structured the way it is,

instead of merely memorizing it.

A large portion of the PMP Exam relies on understanding key terms

related to project management. Many test-takers go awry by relying on

their own experiences to interpret terminology instead of

understanding PMI’s de�nitions. PMI’s use of a term or concept may be

very different than that of someone who has not had exposure to PMI’s

philosophy. Key terms are given special attention where necessary to

help readers become acquainted with PMI’s usage of project

management terms and concepts.

With the January 2, 2021 exam, half the questions are dedicated to agile

or hybrid topics. In the Glossary, key agile terms are designated by a

symbol for easy identi�cation.

1 e Exam

is chapter will explore the PMP certi�cation exam, what it is like, and the

material it covers. It will clarify exactly what the test is, how it is structured,

and an overview of the contents. Speci�c strategies on how to pass the exam

will be discussed in Chapter 14 – How to Pass the PMP on Your First Try.

WHAT THE EXAM TESTS:

Before we discuss what the PMP certi�cation exam does test, let’s clear up a

few misconceptions about the exam.

e PMP certi�cation exam does not test:

Your project management experience or competence

Your common sense

Your knowledge of industry practices

Your knowledge of how to use soware tools

What you learned in management school

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