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Nine Ways to Help Children Learn to Read and Write through Play

1. Read to your child daily.

· Choose a comfortable spot – vary where you read. A comfortable chair, the bed, the car, outdoors. Bring a stuffed animal or doll to reading time! Point to the words as you read to show the relationship between print and spoken word. Invite your child to read with you.

· Talk with your child and ask questions before, during, and after reading. Good questions include: What do you think this story is about? What do you think will happen next? What's happening in this picture? Did you like the story?

· Talk about the emotions of the story. Connect your child to reading by talking about the emotions within the story. What was funny to you? What made you sad? What surprises you? Did the story turn out like you hoped?

· Read to your child's attention span. If your child wants to stop, it's okay to stop. Choose another book and another time. Read frequently!

2. Listen to your child read.

· If your child is currently reading text and gets stuck on a word, suggest looking at context to help the word make sense. Ask questions to give some clues: What sound does it start with? What word might make sense? Do the pictures give you a clue?

· If things aren't making sense for your child, the book may be too difficult or may not capture the child's interest.

· Don't overreact to mistakes. If your child is a pre-reader, encourage him or her to tell the story in their own words using the pictures. If they are a new reader, encourage and give assistance when asked but allow them to make mistakes without correcting every one. We want children to focus on the content of what they are reading and not become overly sensitive to how they sound in these early stages.

· Suggest that your child read or tell stories into a tape recorder, or to younger siblings.

3. Place reading materials in your child's play areas.

· What does your child play often? Find, or have your child make reading and writing materials to enrich this play. If your child plays "restaurant," make menus and provide pads and pencils for taking orders; if they play often with blocks and cars, make street signs, maps, or billboards.

4. Leave notes and pictures for your child.

· Leave notes in your child's lunchbox or school bag; leave them on the kitchen table, on the refrigerator, on the nightstand, or even in a shoe!

· Leave notes that pre-readers can learn to read: Thank you! I love you! Have a good day!

· Leave more elaborate notes that can be read together which can be something special about you, a plan for an activity later in the day, a list of simple jobs.

5. Provide a place for writing and art activities.

· Suggest making character-props for retelling stories. Felt cutouts, popsicle stick puppets, sock puppets, or paper cutouts work well.

· Encourage writing notes or letters to relatives and friends and mail them. Encourage them to write to their own friends. Who doesn't love to get mail?

· When your child is experimenting with art materials, encourage them to write about what they have created.

· Collect old magazines, catalogs, and advertisements. Make your own books with these pictures, either as a visual dictionary or as a story.

· Help your child collect familiar words from magazines, catalogs, or food packages. Children can often read street signs and logos from familiar foods and toys, and will enjoy showing their knowledge.

6. Cook and bake with your child.

· Look at cookbooks and choose recipes to make together. Provide your child with their own cookbook. Talk about the ingredients needed and what information food packages provide.

· When you need a grocery list, make one together.

· Create recipes of your own and write them down or make your own personal cookbook. Here are two to play with:

Yogurt Smoothies – Combine yogurt, juice, fruit, and crushed ice. Top with a choice of cinnamon, brown sugar, honey or candy sprinkles.

Trail Mix – Mix together any combination of pretzels, nuts, cereal, animal crackers, raisins, chewable candies, dried fruit, marshmallows, granola, caramel corn, miniature crackers, and miniature cookies.

7. Point out and discuss the print all around you.

· Read traffic, street and business signs.

· Read place mats, menus, and junk mail.

· Read pamphlets and posters at the store, in the doctor's office.

· Read cereal boxes, toy packages, and game instructions.

· Browse through catalogs, magazines, and newspapers.

· Point out and teach letters and sounds through the print in the environment.

· Collect words your child can read in a notebook or on 3 by 5 inch note cards.

8. Share stories.

· Listen with intention when your child tells you stories. Ask questions to encourage elaboration.

· Help your child retell stories from books.

· Encourage your child to draw a picture to help tell a story.

· Talk about stories having a beginning, middle, and an end. Discuss what happens in the middle which is usually a problem to be solved and the end gives a solution and conclusion.

9. Play word games.

· Recite nursery rhymes together.

· Make up your own rhymes and sayings. You can use the alphabet for alliteration or just make up silly lines that can be built upon such as: Annie likes astronauts; Ben likes bugs. A more sophisticated form: Annie's ant eats apples; Ben's bear eats berries.

· Turn your sayings into a book by writing them down and having your child illustrate.

· Play, "I spy…by asking your child to find," something that begins with the ch sound; something that starts like popcorn; something that rhymes with moon.

Adapted from Owocki, G. (1999). Literacy through play. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Retrieved 12/16/16 from http://ezproxy.rasmussen.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=3797105&site=eds-live.

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