Understanding Disengagement and Role Theories in Aging

Disengagement Theory: Aging involves a natural withdrawal from social roles and relationships, which can benefit both the individual and society by easing role transitions.

Role Theory: Aging individuals try to maintain social roles as long as possible; continued engagement in roles (family, work, community) supports identity and life satisfaction

PICK ONE scenario from below and answer the questions:

Scenario A – Disengagement Theory:
Mr. Johnson, 78, recently retired and has started reducing his social engagements. He prefers quiet evenings at home and limited contact with friends. The family is concerned he may feel isolated.

Scenario B – Role Theory:
Ms. Ramirez, 72, continues volunteering at her local library and leads her book club. She finds purpose in maintaining these roles and feels connected to her community.

Tasks for Groups:

Identify which theory each scenario represents and explain why.

Can disengagement sometimes be beneficial? When?

How does maintaining roles contribute to identity and life satisfaction?

Are there cultural or personal factors that influence which theory better applies to different individuals?

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