Before a child can begin speech/language therapy, an evaluation must be conducted. Formal and informal assessments are both very valuable when determining

Activity

Examiner

Student

Analyses

Instrumental: Language used to satisfy material needs, manipulate, and control the environment.

Coloring on a blank sheet of paper.

1. Okay, I have some paper here and I have some crayons here.

2. And you told me that you like to color, right?

1. Student Initiations?

2. Complete sentences (Noun & verb)?

3. Completes pragmatic activity (e.g., asks for paper/crayons, offers information)?

1. Yeah.

1. No

2. No

3. No

3. What do you need to do ?

2. Color.

1. No

2. No

3. No

4. Well, I have the paper and the crayons here (Examiner draws some on the paper).

5. What do you need to do?

3. Color the paper.

1. No

2. Yes

3. No

6. Well, okay, but I have the papers here and I have the crayons.

7. And you told me that you want to do some coloring.

8. Oh, look at all these colors, green and orange, and red, brown, black, purple, blue, and yellow.

9. Do you want the crayons?

10. What do you do to get the crayons?

4. Pick 'em.

1. No

2. Yes

3. No

11. Do you just pick them?

12. They're right here on by my side.

13. Oh, I think I'm going to get one out.

14. I think I'm going to get red out.

15. And I'm going to do some coloring.

16. But look I have two sheets of paper, one for you and for me.

17. And I have some crayons for both of us.

18. Okay, I'm going to start coloring.

19. I'm going to make a man. (Examiner is trying to provoke interest on J.'s part so that he will ask for the crayons and paper.)

20. What do you want, what do you need to do?

5. Make a cat.

1. No

2. Yes

3. No

21. Well no, I'm making a man.

22. See, he's got hair.

23. He's got a smile.

(Pause of approximately 13 seconds.)

24. Do you want to color?

6. Uh-huh.

1. No

2. No

3. No

25. What do you do if someone has crayons and you want to get them?

7. I don't know.

1. No

2. Yes

3. No

26. You don't know?

Pause six seconds

27. Don't you want to ask me for the crayons and paper ?

8. Can I use the crayons please?

1. Yes

2. Yes

3. Yes (Heuristic, Regulatory)

28. Okay, here's a crayon (Examiner only gives the crayon and not the paper).

9. And can I have the paper please?

1. Yes

2. Yes

3. Yes (Heuristic, Regulatory)

29. Okay, here you go.

30. That's what you need to do.

31. You need to ask.

10. Okay. (Indicating that he was finished.)

1. No

2. No

3. No

32. You're finished, you don't want to color anymore?

33. Oh, I thought you liked coloring.

34. Why don't you color some more ?

35. Draw something else, maybe you want to fill that in.

(Pause of approximately 30 seconds.)

36. Tell me what you drew.

37. What are you drawing?

11. A bear.

1. No

2. No

3. Yes (Informative)

38. What?

12. A bear.

1. No

2. No

3. Yes (Informative)

39. A bear?

40. Is that the only thing you have on your page? (There is more than one drawing on the page.)

No response

41. What do you have on your page?

42. It looks like you have two animals.

43. Tell me what they are.

13. A cat and a bear.

1. No

2. No

3. Yes (Informative)

44. What color is the bear going to be?

(Pause six seconds.)

45. Oh, it looks like you're going to make him blue.

46. Are you drawing him blue?

14. No, brown.

1. No

2. No

3. Yes (Informative)

(Pause of 13 seconds.)

47. A blue cat !

48. Have you ever seen a blue cat before?

15. No.

1. No

2. No

3. No

49. Is it a pretend cat?

50. Do you know what pretend means ?

51. Not a real cat but in your mind.

52. You done?

Nods yes.

Regulatory: Language used to control behavior, control actions, elicit responses, and control other's behaviors.

Okay, I want you to do one more thing with the crayons. I want you to tell me how to draw the cat. Okay ? What do I need to do? I've never drawn a cat before.

16. Circle.

1. No

2. No

3. Yes (Informative)

53. Have you drawn a cat before?

54. No, that's why I need you to tell me how to draw it.

55. I drew a circle, now what?

17 Two circles.

1. No

2. No

3. No

56. Two circles, okay, there's two circles. (Examiner draws two circles that are not connected together as in J.'s drawing).

18. Circle that head.

1. Yes

2. Yes

3. Yes (Informative)

57. What?

58. Circle that head.

59. Tell me, don't point to me.

60. I want you to tell me.

19. The head needs to be circled.

1. No

2. Yes

3. Yes (Informative)

61. Tengo un circulo aquí (Examiner switches to Spanish to elicit some Spanish productions- I have a circle here.)

62. Que pasa? (What's wrong?)

63. Que pasa aquí que no es lo mismo de que lo que tienes aquí? (What's wrong here that’s not the same as what you have?)

20. Make circle like a snowman and you put the tail and the eyes.

1. No

2. Yes

3. Yes (Informative)