In this module, you will explore the concept of personality disorders. Often, figures in the public eye are deemed by non-experts to be narcissistic. How woul
In this module, you will explore the concept of personality disorders.
Often, figures in the public eye are deemed by non-experts to be narcissistic. How would you explain to a friend the difference between high self-esteem, narcissism, and narcissistic personality disorder?
For your initial post, review The Three Subtypes of Narcissistic Personality Disorder and The Psychology of Narcissism. (UPLOADED BELOW) Then choose a non-living historical figure or a fictional character from TV or a movie to answer the following questions:
- In what way does this person exhibit grandiosity and self-importance?
- Based on the article, which of the narcissism types most accurately reflects the character of this person?
- What are the various cognitive, emotional, and environmental causes of narcissistic personality disorders?
- Why do the diagnostic features of narcissistic personality disorder fall on a spectrum?
- How does the concept of personality disorders apply to any of the following programmatic themes? You may want to review the Programmatic Themes PDF document.
- Self-care
- Social justice
- Emotional intelligence
- Career connections
- Ethics
COMPLETE MODULE SIX TEMPLATE UPLOADED BELOW
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PSY 215 Module Six Activity Template
For this journal activity, you will focus on the influence of language on shaping perceptions of human behavior. Specifically, consider how the words we use can have a dramatic positive or negative influence on how we view the personality characteristics of others. Respond to each of the following prompts with a minimum of 3 to 5 sentences. Address the rubric criteria listed in the Module Six Activity Guidelines and Rubric and support your answers with a credible source when necessary.
Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information.
We often consciously or unconsciously promote stereotypes about personality disorders during casual conversations. Consider the language used within your own culture (e.g., family members, friends, colleagues) when discussing personality disorders and imagine engaging in conversation about Jamal. Describe the language that might be used, as well as the thoughts and feelings that you might experience during such a conversation.
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Describe how the words we use to discuss personality disorders (e.g., “narcissistic,” “borderline,” “antisocial”) shape our perception of what is considered normal or abnormal. Provide an example with your response.
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Describe ways that you could enhance compassion, empathy, and acceptance for Jamal, and all people who struggle with psychological disorders. Include specific language that could be used in conversations to respond in a prosocial manner.
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PSY Programmatic Themes
Psychology is more than just one course you are taking in college. Psychology is everywhere! It’s a tool that can help you live a better life, make a bigger impact on the world, and build stronger relationships. As you complete coursework throughout your degree program, you’ll discover and rediscover five key themes. Each one illustrates a way to apply psychology in your life both personally and professionally. By the end of your program, you’ll have the tools to understand yourself more fully, improve your personal and professional connections, and effect positive change in the world.
Self-care: When you hear the term self-care, you may think of things like bubble baths and dark chocolate. But self-care is about more than just pampering yourself. Engaging in self-care means taking time for personal reflection and developing skills to improve your well-being. You can also take care of yourself by increasing your resilience and self-regulation.
Social justice: Everyone deserves the same rights and access to opportunities. When you apply psychology ethically and empathetically, you’re supporting social justice. As you work through this program, you’ll see that psychology can do more than just improve your own life—it can help you enhance the lives of others and promote social justice for society as a whole.
Emotional intelligence (EI): Emotional intelligence is defined as the practice of self-control and the ability to accurately perceive the emotions of self and others, appropriately adapt emotions and actions in daily interactions, and consistently understand and express interest in the well- being of self and others. In short, it’s how you understand and respond to emotions in yourself and the people around you. Emotional intelligence is not just an abstract concept. It’s a set of skills, including self-awareness, self-regulation, ethical judgment, empathy, social awareness, and conflict resolution.
Career connections: Even if you don’t become a psychologist, studying psychology can help advance your career. Psychology helps explain why people behave in certain ways and how you can work with them more effectively. Whether you major in psychology or use this course as a stepping-stone to other opportunities, the study of psychology can improve your daily life and job prospects.
Ethics: Modern psychology is guided by ethical principles. While formal ethics are set by governing bodies such as the American Psychological Association, you also have your own set of values and morals that influence your personal ethics. Throughout your coursework, you will apply ethics by citing your sources.
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- PSY Programmatic Themes
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Way before the first selfie,
the ancient Greeks and Romans had a myth
about someone a little too obsessed with his own image.
In one telling,
Narcissus was a handsome guy wandering the world in search of someone to love.
After rejecting a nymph named Echo,
he caught a glimpse of his own reflection in a river,
and fell in love with it.
Unable to tear himself away,
Narcissus drowned.
A flower marked the spot of where he died, and we call that flower the Narcissus.
00:37
The myth captures the basic idea of narcissism,
elevated and sometimes detrimental self-involvement.
But it's not just a personality type that shows up in advice columns.
It's actually a set of traits classified and studied by psychologists.
The psychological definition of narcissism is an inflated, grandiose self-image.
To varying degrees, narcissists think they're better looking,
smarter,
and more important than other people,
and that they deserve special treatment.
Psychologists recognize two forms of narcissism as a personality trait:
grandiose and vulnerable narcissism.
There's also narcissistic personality disorder,
a more extreme form, which we'll return to shortly.
01:22
Grandiose narcissism is the most familiar kind,
characterized by extroversion,
dominance,
and attention seeking.
Grandiose narcissists pursue attention and power,
sometimes as politicians,
celebrities,
or cultural leaders.
Of course, not everyone who pursues these positions of power is narcissistic.
Many do it for very positive reasons,
like reaching their full potential,
or helping make people's lives better.
But narcissistic individuals seek power
for the status and attention that goes with it.
01:53
Meanwhile, vulnerable narcissists can be quiet and reserved.
They have a strong sense of entitlement,
but are easily threatened or slighted.
02:02
In either case, the dark side of narcissism shows up over the long term.
Narcissists tend to act selfishly,
so narcissistic leaders may make risky or unethical decisions,
and narcissistic partners may be dishonest or unfaithful.
When their rosy view of themselves is challenged,
they can become resentful and aggressive.
It's like a disease where the sufferers feel pretty good,
but the people around them suffer.
02:29
Taken to the extreme,
this behavior is classified as a psychological disorder
called narcissistic personality disorder.
It affects one to two percent of the population,
more commonly men.
It is also a diagnosis reserved for adults.
Young people, especially children, can be very self-centered,
but this might just be a normal part of development.
The fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
describes several traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder.
They include a grandiose view of oneself,
problems with empathy,
a sense of entitlement,
and a need for admiration or attention.
What makes these trait a true personality disorder
is that they take over people's lives and cause significant problems.
Imagine that instead of caring for your spouse or children,
you used them as a source of attention or admiration.
Or imagine that instead of seeking
constructive feedback about your performance,
you instead told everyone who tried to help you
that they were wrong.
03:32
So what causes narcissism?
Twin studies show a strong genetic component,
although we don't know which genes are involved.
But environment matters, too.
Parents who put their child on a pedestal
can foster grandiose narcissism.
And cold, controlling parents can contribute to vulnerable narcissism.
03:53
Narcissism also seems to be higher
in cultures that value individuality and self-promotion.
In the United States, for example,
narcissism as a personality trait has been rising since the 1970s,
when the communal focus of the 60s
gave way to the self-esteem movement
and a rise in materialism.
More recently, social media has multiplied the possibilities for self-promotion,
though it's worth noting
that there's no clear evidence that social media causes narcissism.
Rather, it provides narcissists a means to seek social status and attention.
04:27
So can narcissists improve on those negative traits?
Yes!
Anything that promotes honest reflection on their own behavior
and caring for others,
like psychotherapy or practicing compassion towards others, can be helpful.
The difficulty is it can be challenging
for people with narcissistic personality disorder
to keep working at self-betterment.
For a narcissist, self-reflection is hard from an unflattering angle.
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