Hands On Lab 2: Cells and Membrane Transport

Introduction: Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Your entire body is composed of cells and the substances produced by them. Each type of cell you possess has a unique structure based on its overall function, but they all share a set of common organelles that fulfill the basic needs every cell has. We will look at each of these organelles, identify them, and define their functions. One of the universal activities within the body is the movement of substances into and out of cells. Gases, nutrients, wastes, chemicals, and water must all be transported in a controlled manner for cells to maintain homeostasis. For example, if a cell contains too much or too little salt, then it will die. The plasma membrane is the major regulator of cellular transport. In this lab you will demonstrate the two simplest transport mechanisms used by the plasma membrane, diffusion and osmosis. Watch This: This video on tonicity is particularly helpful and clear on explaining this concept that many find a bit tricky. It will be quite helpful when working on activity 3 in this lab. Khan Academy Tonicity (opens in new window: 6min:30sec)

Activity 1: Cellular Structure Complete the table by identifying each part of the cell (diagram on next page) and give the function of each. Both columns must be correct for credit.

Structure Function

1. Goigi Apparatus

2.Cilia

2.

3. Peroxisome

4. Nucleus

5. Nucleolus

6. Nuclear Envelope

7. Ribosome

8. Smooth ER

9. Centrrioles

10. Lysosome

11. Plasma Membrane

12. Mitochondrion

13. Microvilli

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