Entrepreneurship Question

Ph.D. Business Administration & Ph.D. Organization & Management Liberty University School of Business PhD Dissertation Guide V2.0 1971 University Boulevard Lynchburg, VA 24515-2269 [email protected] 434-582-3000 June 08, 2022 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Table of Contents Overview …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4 The Dissertation Chair ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5 The Committee Member ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 5 Concept Alignment in the Dissertation ……………………………………………………………………. 5 Where to Study & Sample Size ……………………………………………………………………………… 6 References & Citations …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6 Future vs. Past Tense ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Submissions and Revisions ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Templates ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Suggested Research Resources ………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Task Structure and Submissions …………………………………………………………………………….. 9 BUSI 987, Dissertation I ………………………………………………………………………………………………….11 Task 1: Bullet Point Outline & CITI Certificate……………………………………………………… 11 Task 1: Bullet Point Outline – Admin Review ………………………………………………………… 14 Task 2: The Problem …………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 Task 3: The Nature of the Study …………………………………………………………………………… 17 Task 4: The Conceptual / Theoretical Framework ………………………………………………….. 19 Task 5: Review of the Professional and Academic Literature Outline ……………………….. 22 Task 6: Supporting Material ………………………………………………………………………………… 24 Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study ……………………………………………………………. 26 Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study – Committee Review……………………………… 28 BUSI 988, Dissertation II ………………………………………………………………………………………………..29 Task 1: Bullet Point Outline ………………………………………………………………………………… 29 Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review ……………………………… 30 Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review – Admin Review…….. 31 Task 8: The Research …………………………………………………………………………………………. 32 Task 9: Participants, Population, and Sampling ……………………………………………………… 34 Task 10: Data Collection and Analysis………………………………………………………………….. 37 Task 11: Section 2, The Project ……………………………………………………………………………. 41 Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Committee Review ……………………………………………… 43 Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Admin Review …………………………………………………… 44 Task 12: The Research Proposal, Proposal Defense, & IRB Submission …………………… 45 BUSI 989, Dissertation III ……………………………………………………………………………………………….48 Task 1: Bullet Point Outline ………………………………………………………………………………… 48 Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval ………………………………………………….. 49 Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval – Admin Review …………………………. 50 Task 13: Presentation of the Findings……………………………………………………………………. 52 Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Committee Review …………………………………….. 56 Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Admin Review …………………………………………… 57 Task 14: Supporting Material ………………………………………………………………………………. 58 Task 15: Section 3, Application to Professional Practice …………………………………………. 60 Task 16: Draft Dissertation & Updates ………………………………………………………………….. 62 BUSI 990, Dissertation IV ……………………………………………………………………………………………….65 June 08, 2022 Page 2 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 17: Final Dissertation – Defense……………………………………………………………………. 65 Task 17: Final Dissertation – Admin Review …………………………………………………………. 69 Task 17: Final Dissertation – Editing …………………………………………………………………….. 71 Task 17: Final Dissertation – Publication……………………………………………………………….. 72 Document Contents …………………………………………………………………………………………………………74 Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 74 Dedication …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 74 Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………………………………. 74 Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 74 Section 1: Foundation of the Study ……………………………………………………………………….. 74 Background of the Problem …………………………………………………………………………………. 74 Problem Statement ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 75 Research Questions …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 75 Hypotheses ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76 Purpose Statement………………………………………………………………………………………………. 77 Research Paradigms ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 77 Design and Method …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 78 Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81 Assumptions, Limitations, Delimitations ………………………………………………………………. 81 Assumptions……………………………………………………………………………………………. 81 Limitations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 81 Delimitations …………………………………………………………………………………………… 82 Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………………………………….. 82 Reduction of Gaps in the Literature ……………………………………………………………. 82 Implications for Biblical Integration …………………………………………………………… 82 Benefit to Business Practice and Relationship to Field of Study…………………….. 82 Summary of Significance of the Study ……………………………………………………….. 82 A Review of the Professional and Academic Literature …………………………………………… 82 Transition and Summary ……………………………………………………………………………………… 84 References ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..84 Dissertation Chair Responsibilities ……………………………………………………………………………………85 General ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 85 Weekly Progress Reports …………………………………………………………………………………….. 86 Grading Tasks ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 86 Posting Final Grades …………………………………………………………………………………………… 86 Enrolling in BUSI 990 ………………………………………………………………………………………… 87 The Field Study ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 87 Committee Member Reviews ………………………………………………………………………………. 87 Administrative Reviews ………………………………………………………………………………………. 88 Presentations ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 89 Signatures………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 89 Committee Member Responsibilities…………………………………………………………………………………91 General ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 91 Task Reviews …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 91 Proposal Defense ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 92 Dissertation Defense …………………………………………………………………………………………… 92 June 08, 2022 Page 3 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Overview The Dissertation is the final research project for the Ph.D. in Business Administration or Organization & Management (PHD) program and is made up of five chapters. These are Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Data Analysis and Results, and Conclusions. These five chapters are developed in BUSI 987, 988, and 989 respectively. The first three chapters together make up the research proposal and are approved by the Dissertation Chair, your Committee Member, and PhD Administration prior to beginning the field study. Once the field study is completed, chapters four and five are developed, Chapters one through three are updated, and then all five chapters are combined to form the Dissertation. The research is defended, and the final document is submitted to the Jerry Falwell Library (JFL) for publication in BUSI 990. The research is intended to be original and replication studies will not be allowed. While secondary data can be used for triangulation, the data acquisition plan for the study will focus on primary data. You are no longer a student – You have now completed the transition from student to doctoral candidate. This is a significant milestone that shifts the burden from a professor in a course teaching you things you do not know to you applying what you have already learned! Your dissertation chair is here to evaluate your work and point out areas for improvement, not teach you how to accomplish each task. You are responsible for reviewing the guidelines provided and submitting work that is compliant with them. When you hit a roadblock or do not understand a particular aspect of your research project you need to be able to work your way through the issue by studying the problem, conducting further research, and determining the best solution. The broad outline of the dissertation process is listed below:          Chapter 1, Introduction Chapter 2, Literature Review Chapter 3, Methodology Research Proposal Defense Field Study Chapter 4, Data Analysis and Results Chapter 5, Conclusions Dissertation Defense Publication BUSI 987 BUSI 988 BUSI 988 BUSI 988 BUSI 989 BUSI 989 BUSI 989 BUSI 990 BUSI 990 Key Research Characteristics of the Dissertation:  Focus – Business problem related to the candidate’s degree plan (Business Administration or Organization & Management) and optionally the candidate’s Cognate, supported by current literature (within 5 years) June 08, 2022 Page 4 of 92 Liberty University School of Business       Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Scope – Results must be relatable (flexible designs) or generalizable (fixed designs) to the overall population Research Design – Fixed, Flexible, and Mixed Methods Designs Proposal Defense & IRB Approval Dissertation Defense & Publication Dissertation Chair – Primary reviewer, primary point of contact, and mentor Committee Member – Second reviewer The Dissertation Chair As you begin BUSI 987, you will be paired with a Dissertation Chair. This is an expert educator with a terminal degree who will be your primary reviewer, a primary point of contact, and a mentor during your entire research project. You will contact your chair via email whenever you submit a task for review to include tasks you submit for committee review or administrative review. Your chair will be your first stop for any questions you have regarding your Dissertation and will be responsible for approving the content of all your submissions. Your chair will notify your Committee Member or PhD Administration when you have a task ready for review. The Committee Member You will also be paired with a committee member (reader) in BUSI 987. This is another expert educator with a terminal degree who will be your second review for certain steps in the development of your dissertation. In the event of conflicting views between the dissertation chair and the committee member, the dissertation chair will have priority. Concept Alignment in the Dissertation The reader must be able to visualize a straight line connecting the problem statement, the purpose statement, the research questions, and the nature of the study: Problem Statement – Clearly articulated business problem related to the field of study in the candidate’s degree plan (Business Administration or Organization and Management). The problem can optionally be related to the candidate’s cognate. The existence of the problem must be supported by current literature (less than five years). Purpose Statement – To study and give insight into the problem. In a flexible design, the goal is generally to explore or to understand. In a fixed design, the goal is generally to measure, compare, or relate. Research Questions – The broad questions that need to be answered to provide meaningful insight into the problem statement. These are not interview questions, they are questions that guide the overall study. In a flexible design, these questions will seek to explain or understand and will typically include words such as how, why, and what. In a fixed design, these questions will generally seek to describe, measure, compare or relate variables. June 08, 2022 Page 5 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Nature of the Study – The nature of the study describes the researcher’s paradigm, the research design, and the research method. The researcher will need to be able to describe why the chosen design and method are the best choice for the research being conducted. Alignment exists when:     The problem statement is a business problem related to the candidate’s field of study The purpose statement describes a research goal that addresses the problem statement The research questions address the problem statement and its possible consequences The nature of the study identifies a design and method that is consistent with the action word choices in the purpose statement and the word choices in the research questions Where to Study & Sample Size Selecting where to conduct your research study and how many participants will be guided by several factors: Fixed Design Dissertations – to provide for statistically significant results that can be generalized to the overall population, you will need to use a sample size calculator (not gPower which is a great post hoc test) to determine the right number. For large populations (over 5000) this is going to be around 380 for each group within the sample based upon a Confidence Level (CL) of 95% and a Confidence Interval (CI) of 5%. How you define the population determines what you would like to be able to generalize your results to, which in turn determines the sample size. Flexible Design Dissertations – to provide results that can be related to the overall population, you will need to interview until you reach saturation, which is the point at which you are no longer gaining new information from participants. While various authors will provide varying ranges for this, the common ground is that saturation will be reached within 25 to 30 interviews for a group. References & Citations You should provide multiple primary sources to substantiate each section of the Dissertation and limit the use of secondary sources. Be sure to provide a citation for each factual assertion in the Dissertation. Factual assertions without a proper citation and scholarly reference are opinion and not fact. The goal is to use the most current references outside of seminal works, with 75% of the references used for the literature review must be within the last 5 years. The rule is that every citation must be linked to a reference and every reference must be used as a citation. Finally, be sure to remove the permalinks in the reference section for ease of reading. June 08, 2022 Page 6 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Future vs. Past Tense When writing Chapters 1, 2, and 3 prior to the Field Study (BUSI 987 & 988), all writing will be in the future tense. You will use phrases like “the researcher will”, “I will”, and “the study will include”. You will not use past tense prior to the Field Study because an action has not been taken yet and therefore might change. Chapters 1, 2, and 3 up to that point are your Research Proposal. Once you have completed your Field Study in BUSI 989, you will change the document to the past tense. Submissions and Revisions Each submission made will be reviewed by your Dissertation Chair, your Committee Member, or PhD Administration. Once you have submitted a document for review and emailed your chair that the document is ready, your chair will respond with feedback within six days. For committee reviews, your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for review once you notify him/her via email. You will receive feedback on your submission within six days of the receipt of the email from the chair. For administrative reviews, your chair will notify PhD Administration that your document is ready for review once you notify him/her via email. You will receive feedback on your submission within six days of the receipt of the email from the chair. If you are asked to make changes, you will prepare a Change Matrix to document the comment made by the reviewer, a description of the changes you have made to address the comment, and the location of the changes within the document. Revisions submitted without a Change Matrix will not be reviewed. Templates There are four templates provided for you. You will use the appropriate research proposal template for BUSI 987 & 988. Once you have completed your field study, you will start using the appropriate dissertation template. Flexible Research Proposal Template Fixed Research Proposal Template Flexible Dissertation Template Fixed Dissertation Template BUSI 987 & 988 BUSI 987 & 988 BUSI 989 & 990 BUSI 989 & 990 Suggested Research Resources Creswell, J. & Poth, C. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design (4th). Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications Inc. Leech, N., Barrett, K., & Morgan, G. (2015) IBM SPSS for Intermediate Statistics (5th). New York, NY. Routledge. June 08, 2022 Page 7 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Morgan, G., Leech, N., Gloeckner, G., & Barrett, K. (2013) IBM SPSS for Introductory Statistics (6th). New York, NY. Routledge. Robson, C. & McCartan, K. (2016). Real World Research (4th). West Sussex, UK. John Wiley & Sons. Yin, R. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications (6th). Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications Inc. June 08, 2022 Page 8 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task Structure and Submissions The Dissertation is broken up into tasks to help you move through the process efficiently. The narrative below provides guidance on each task regarding what must be included and how to submit the document for review. Please review each task carefully before submitting it to avoid needless submit/review/revision cycles. Your progress through the four Dissertation courses is determined by the completion of milestone tasks. Keep in mind that it is common for doctoral candidates to require more than one semester to complete a section of the dissertation. This is not a reflection on you or your abilities, rather it reflects the challenge posed by doctoral level research. To receive a passing grade, the Doctoral Candidate must successfully complete:     BUSI 987 – Through Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study (Chapter 1 and the outline for Chapter 2) BUSI 988 – Through Task 12: The Research Proposal & Defense (Chapters 1, 2, and 3) BUSI 989 – Through Task 16: Draft Dissertation & Updates (Chapters 1 through 5) BUSI 990 – Through Task 17: Final Dissertation – Publication What are the deadlines for submitting work? Specific submission deadlines are not set for each task or element of the research project, but they must be submitted in order with each one being approved before moving to the next one. While you can work ahead, you should do so with the understanding that any required edits on a task might require you to update a later task. If you do decide to work ahead, do not post future tasks until the current task is approved. Each week you will be required to submit a Weekly Progress Report describing your progress during the preceding week, any roadblocks you are facing, and your plan for the coming week. What if I finish early? If you are able to successfully complete all tasks required to receive a passing grade in a course before the end of the semester, you can continue to work starting on the tasks for the next course by posting your work in the Optional Tasks folder. When you begin the next semester, you will simply submit the baseline tasks and your most recent approved task and continue from that point. What if I am repeating a course? If you are repeating a course, you will post the baseline tasks and your most recently approved task from the previous semester and notify your Dissertation Chair. You can then proceed to the next task. Your Dissertation Chair will review each individual task and provide you with feedback so you can make appropriate revisions. You will continue to revise each task and resubmit it for review along with a Change Matrix until your Dissertation Chair approves the submission. Tasks in the Dissertation:     Task 1: Bullet Point Outline Task 2: The Problem Task 3: The Nature of the Study Task 4: The Research Framework June 08, 2022 Page 9 of 92 Liberty University School of Business                  Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 5: Review of the Professional and Academic Literature Outline Task 6: Supporting Material Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study (Chapter 1 and outline of Chapter 2) Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review (Chapters 1 & 2) Task 8: The Research Task 9: Participants, Population, and Sampling Task 10: Data Collection and Analysis Task 11: Section 2, The Project Task 12: The Research Proposal & Defense (Chapters1, 2, & 3) Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval (Chapters1, 2, & 3) Task 13: Presentation of the Findings Task 14: Supporting Material Task 15: Section 3, Application to Professional Practice (Chapters 4 & 5) Task 16: Draft Dissertation & Updates (Chapters 1 through 5) Task 17: Final Dissertation – Defense Task 17: Final Dissertation – Editing Task 17: Final Dissertation – Publication In addition to the reviews provided by your Dissertation Chair, three tasks require a committee review and approval before proceeding. Your chair will be responsible for informing the committee member that the task is ready for review. You will continue to revise each task and resubmit it for review along with a Change Matrix until the committee member and your dissertation chair approve the submission.    BUSI 987 – Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study – Committee Review BUSI 988 – Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Committee Review BUSI 989 – Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Committee Review Finally, six tasks require administrative approval before proceeding. Your chair will be responsible for informing the PhD Administration that the task is ready for review. You will continue to revise each task and resubmit it for review along with a Change Matrix until the PhD Administrative team approves the submission.       BUSI 987 – Task 1: Bullet Point Outline – Admin Review BUSI 988 – Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review – Admin Review BUSI 988 – Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Admin Review BUSI 989 – Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval – Admin Review BUSI 989 – Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Admin Review BUSI 990 – Task 17: Final Dissertation – Admin Review As you can see, the structure of these courses provides a pathway for the successful development of the Dissertation while providing an effective review and approval process. June 08, 2022 Page 10 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide BUSI 987, Dissertation I Task 1: Bullet Point Outline & CITI Certificate Bullet Point Outline: Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:       The Problem o Problem Frame  The problem to be addressed is (complete this sentence)  Supporting Sentences with Current Citations (< 5 years) o Importance of Understanding the Problem  Descriptive Sentences with Current Citations (< 5 years) Relationship to Degree (and optionally Cognate). This is not part of the actual problem statement. How the study of this problem in this context adds to the body of knowledge by extending into a new area or filling in a missing area. This is not part of the actual problem statement. Research Questions o 3 to 4 Questions that will guide the study – label as RQ1, RQ2, RQ2a, etc. Nature of the Study o The Researcher’s Paradigm (i.e. Positivist, Post-Positivist, etc.) – Describe your research paradigm and why it is your paradigm and how your paradigm might influence the research study. o Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods) – Describe why your chosen design is appropriate for your proposed study. o Research Method – Describe why your chosen method(s) is appropriate for your proposed study. Conceptual / Theoretical Framework – Use sub-points as appropriate o Concepts – The concepts (i.e. higher productivity is related to higher job satisfaction) that are related to your research study and are found in the literature. Use a separate sub-point for each concept. Lead with a descriptor (short name for the concept), and then one to two sentences that describe how the concept is related to the specific problem. More appropriate for flexible design studies. June 08, 2022 Page 11 of 92 Liberty University School of Business  Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o Theories – The formal theories (i.e. Maslow’s Motivational Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory, etc.) that are related to your research study and are found in the literature. Use a separate sub-point for each theory. Lead with the formal name of the theory and then one to two sentences that describe how the theory is related to the specific problem. More appropriate for fixed design studies. o Actors – The people groups (i.e. leaders, followers, accountants, etc.) or organizations that are related to your research study. Lead with a descriptor and then one to two sentences that describe how the actor is related to the specific problem. o Constructs & Variables – The constructs and variables found in your research study (i.e. profit, leadership style, intrinsic motivation, etc.). Lead with a descriptor and then one to two sentences that describe how each construct or variable is related to the specific problem. Include the type for each variable (independent, dependent, mitigating). Constructs are more appropriate for flexible design studies while variables are more appropriate for fixed design studies. References – Include a reference section for citations supporting all factual assertions. Use the approved concept paper from BUSI 886 and the white papers on writing problem statements and research questions to help with this assignment. This must be an outline rather than a narrative as the goal of the assignment is to focus your research. The Dissertation Chair should have a solid understanding of what you intend to study and how you intend to study it after reading this document. Completing CITI Training Locate the IRB page in the Liberty University website, follow the instructions titled: To begin taking CITI courses. You will choose the course for Social & Behavioral Researchers. After you have successfully completed the training, download your certificate, and save as a pdf file. Submitting your Documents: Your CITI training certificate will be submitted as a pdf document with the following title format: Lastname_CITI Certificate_DDMMYYY.pdf Your bullet point outline document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Bullet Point Outline_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. June 08, 2022 Page 12 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 13 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 1: Bullet Point Outline – Admin Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Bullet Point Outline_Admin Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Your CITI training certificate will be submitted as a pdf document with the following title format: Lastname_CITI Certificate_DDMMYYY.pdf Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 – Admin Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 – Admin Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 14 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 2: The Problem This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See Document Contents at the end of this guide for additional guidance. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:      Background of the Problem Problem Statement Purpose Statement Research Questions Hypotheses (Required for Fixed Designs, only if used for Flexible Designs) Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_The Problem_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 2 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. June 08, 2022 Page 15 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 2 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 16 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 3: The Nature of the Study This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:       Introductory Paragraph Discussion Research Paradigms – Discuss all primary research paradigms and identify what the Researcher’s Paradigm is and why. Discussion of Design o Discuss Fixed, Flexible, and Mixed Methods Designs and what types of research each are best suited to study. o Discuss the appropriateness of your chosen design for this research project and why the others were not the best choice. Discussion of Method o Discuss all common methods associated with your chosen design and what types of research each is best suited to study. o Discuss the appropriateness of your chosen method for this research project and why the others were not the best choice. Discussion of Triangulation (Flexible Designs Only) o Discuss any qualitative methods that will be used for triangulation. o Discuss any quantitative methods that will be used for triangulation. o All flexible dissertations must specify methods to be used for triangulation. Summary Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_The Nature of the Study_DDMMMYYYY.docx June 08, 2022 Page 17 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 3 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 3 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 18 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 4: The Conceptual / Theoretical Framework This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Your submission will include the following: For Flexible Studies: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include: Conceptual Framework          Introductory paragraph Diagram showing all elements of the framework and flow of action and information. Concepts – The concepts (i.e. higher productivity is related to higher job satisfaction) that are related to your research study. Use sub-points for each concept. Start with a descriptor and then discuss the concept. Theories – The formal theories (i.e. Maslow’s Motivational Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory, etc.) that are related to your research study. Use sub-points for each theory. Start with the name of the theory and then discuss it. Actors – The people groups (i.e. leaders, followers, accountants, etc.) or organizations that are related to your research study. Start with a Descriptor and then discuss the actor. Constructs & Variables (If Used)– The variables found in your research study (i.e. profit, leadership style, intrinsic motivation, etc.). Start with a descriptor and then discuss the construct or variable. Relationship Between Concepts, Theories, Actors, Constructs, and Variables (If used) – Detailed discussion of the interaction and flow of information and action between the elements of the research framework. Summary Reference list June 08, 2022 Page 19 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide For Fixed Studies: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic Theoretical Framework The body of the document will include:         Introductory paragraph Diagram showing all elements of the framework and flow of action and information. Theories – The formal theories (i.e. Maslow’s Motivational Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory, etc.) that are related to your research study. Use sub-points for each theory. Start with the name of the theory and then discuss it. Actors – The people groups (i.e. leaders, followers, accountants, etc.) or organizations that are related to your research study. Start with a Descriptor and then discuss the actor. Variables – The variables found in your research study (i.e. profit, leadership style, etc.). Start with a descriptor and then discuss the variable. Relationship Between Theories, Actors, and Variables – Detailed discussion of the interaction and flow of information and action between the elements of the research framework. Summary Reference list Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_The Research Framework_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 4 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made June 08, 2022 Page 20 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 4 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 21 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 5: Review of the Professional and Academic Literature Outline Your submission will include the top-level outline shown below along with an expanded bullet point list of the content of each section at a minimum. Include appropriate citations and a reference section. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Your submission will include the following: For Flexible Designs: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:          Business Practices The Problem Concepts Theories Constructs & Variables (If Used) Related Studies Anticipated Themes (You will update this to include Developed Themes after the field study) Summary References For Fixed Designs: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:   Business Practices The Problem June 08, 2022 Page 22 of 92 Liberty University School of Business      Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Theories Variables Related Studies Summary References Note: You will be submitting a full literature review when you update Section 1 in BUSI 988, so you are encouraged to continue to work on your literature review going forward. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Literature Review Outline_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 5 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 5 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 23 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 6: Supporting Material This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:    Definition of Terms Assumptions, Limitations, Delimitations o Assumptions o Limitations o Delimitations Significance of the Study o Reduction of Gaps in the Literature o Implications for Biblical Integration o Benefit to Business Practice and Relationship to the Field of Study o Summary Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Supporting Material_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 6 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. June 08, 2022 Page 24 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 6 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 25 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Note: Your submission will only include the full outline of the literature review from Task 5. You will be submitting a full literature review when you update Section 1 in BUSI 988, so you are encouraged to continue to work on your literature review. Your submission will include the following: For Flexible Designs:          Title Page Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction o Background of the Problem o Problem Statement o Purpose Statement o Research Questions o Hypotheses (if used) o Nature of the Study o Conceptual Framework o Definition of Terms o Assumptions, Limitations, Delimitations o Significance of the Study Summary of Chapter 1 and Transition Chapter 2: Literature o Outline only with at least one levels of detail beyond outline provided Appendices References For Fixed Designs:      Title Page Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction o Background of the Problem o Problem Statement o Purpose Statement o Research Questions o Hypotheses June 08, 2022 Page 26 of 92 Liberty University School of Business     Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o Nature of the Study o Theoretical Framework o Definition of Terms o Assumptions, Limitations, Delimitations o Significance of the Study Summary of Chapter 1 and Transition Chapter 2: Literature o Outline only with at least one levels of detail beyond outline provided Appendices References Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 1_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal that you have successfully completed BUSI 987. This assignment will be reviewed for originality. June 08, 2022 Page 27 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study – Committee Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 1_Comm Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 – Committee Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 – Committee Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 987-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document and have been approved. Once approved, the reviewer will indicate in the grading notes that you are approved to move to the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 28 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide BUSI 988, Dissertation II Task 1: Bullet Point Outline To establish your baseline in the Dissertation, you will be submitting your latest approved Bullet Point Outline. Keep in mind that any changes to this foundational document will need to be approved by your Dissertation Chair. This document must represent the current state of your research project. You will submit your approved BUSI 987, Task 1: Bullet Point Outline Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Bullet Point Outline_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is posted and checked. June 08, 2022 Page 29 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. You will submit your approved Task 7: Foundation of the Study from BUSI 987 updated to include an exhaustive review of the literature with a minimum of 40 pages of content. Typical page count to develop and exhaustive review is between 40 and 80 pages. Include a Summary of Chapter 2 and Transition. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 1_with Lit Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 30 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 7: Section 1, Foundation of the Study w/Literature Review – Admin Review This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. See the Document Contents section of this guide for additional guidance. Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 1_with Lit Review_Admin Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 – Admin Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 7 – Admin Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document has been approved. Once approved, the reviewer will indicate in the grading notes that you are approved to move to the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 31 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 8: The Research This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. For Flexible Designs Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include: Chapter 3: Methodology  Introductory Paragraph  Purpose Statement – Copy from Section 1  Role of the Researcher o What actions the researcher will take to conduct the study o Include a discussion of Bracketing to avoid Personal Bias o Summary paragraph  Research Methodology o Introductory Paragraph o The appropriateness of a flexible design for the research study. o The appropriateness of the chosen method for the research study. o The appropriateness of the chosen method(s) for triangulation for the research study. All flexible designs must use some form of triangulation. o Summary paragraph For Fixed Designs Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic June 08, 2022 Page 32 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide The body of the document will include: Chapter 3: Methodology  Introductory Paragraph  Purpose Statement – Copy from Section 1  Role of the Researcher o What actions the researcher will take to conduct the study o Summary paragraph  Research Methodology o Introductory Paragraph o The appropriateness of a fixed design for the research study. o The appropriateness of the chosen method for the research study. o Provide operational definitions for each variable in the study to include the variable type (independent, dependent, or mitigating), the data type (nominal, ordinal, or ratio/scale), and the range. Create a table to accompany the discussion. o For each hypothesis, provide a detailed discussion of what specific tests will be performed and why the test is the correct one based upon the variables. o Summary paragraph Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_The Research_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 8 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 8 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 33 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 9: Participants, Population, and Sampling This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. Your submission will include the following: For Flexible Designs: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:   Participants o Description of the type of individual(s) who is eligible to be included and why. Population and Sampling o Introductory paragraph o Discussion of Population – Describe the characteristics of the eligible population. Why are they appropriate for the research study? What is the size of the eligible population? o Discussion of Sampling  Discussion of sampling method – What is the sampling method and why is it appropriate.  Discussion of sample frame – What is the sample frame and why is it appropriate.  Discussion of desired sample and sample size – What is the sample that will be used and why is it appropriate? What is the sample size and why is it appropriate? How will the sample size help you reach saturation? How will you gain access to the sample? o Summary Note: After field study, update to discuss actual participants. For Fixed Designs: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method June 08, 2022 Page 34 of 92 Liberty University School of Business  Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Topic The body of the document will include:   Participants o Description of the type of individual(s) who is eligible to be included and why. Population and Sampling o Introductory paragraph o Discussion of Population – Describe the characteristics of the eligible population. Why are they appropriate for the research study? What is the size of the eligible population? o Discussion of Sampling  Discussion of sampling method – What is the sampling method and why is it appropriate.  Discussion of sample frame – What is the sample frame and why is it appropriate.  Discussion of desired sample and sample size – What is the sample that will be used and why is it appropriate? What is the sample size and why is it appropriate? How was the sample size determined in order to be generalizable (Must use a sample size calculator, not a power calculator like G-Power)? The standard that must be met for any statistical test is a 95% Confidence Level and a 5% Confidence Interval. For large populations, this generally reaches a plateau at a sample size of 384. How will you gain access to the sample? o Summary Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Participants Population Sampling_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 9 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. June 08, 2022 Page 35 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 9 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 36 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 10: Data Collection and Analysis This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. For Flexible Designs: Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:  Data Collection & Organization Plan o Introductory paragraph o Data Collection Plan – Provide an overview of what data you plan to collect and how you plan to collect the data for your research. Discuss why this is an appropriate plan for the research project.  Member Checking – Follow up interviews to validate the participants’ responses for accuracy.  Follow-up interviews – Any new interview questions that arise from responses to the initial interviews. o Instruments  Interview guides – Provide a discussion of any semi-structured interview guides to be used. Discuss how each question addresses the research questions. Include a copy of the interview guide in an appendix and refer to it.  Surveys – Provide a discussion of any surveys to be used. Must use existing surveys with proven reliability and validity. Discuss how each question addresses the research questions. Include a copy of the survey in an appendix and refer to it. Address the reliability and validity of the survey tool and provide proof of permission to use the tool.  Archive data – Provide a discussion of any archival data to be gathered. Discuss how the data addresses the research questions. o Data Organization Plan  Provide an overview of how you plan to organize the data gathered for your research.  Discuss why this is an appropriate process for the research project.  Use leading research texts for assistance in this section such as Creswell & Poth’s Qualitative Inquiry. o Summary of Data Collection & Organization June 08, 2022 Page 37 of 92 Liberty University School of Business    Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Data Analysis Plan o Introductory paragraph o Emergent Ideas – Discuss the process for reading and memoing emergent ideas. o Coding Themes – Discuss the process for describing and classifying codes into themes. o Interpretations – Discuss the process for developing and assessing interpretations. o Data Representation – Discuss the process for representing and visualizing the data. o Analysis for Triangulation – Provide a detailed discussion of how you plan to conduct analysis for the triangulation of your interview data. Specifically discuss both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. o Use leading research texts for assistance in this section such as Creswell & Poth’s Qualitative Inquiry. Must use Nvivo or equivalent qualitative analysis software package. o Summary of Data Analysis Reliability and Validity Plan o Introductory paragraph o Reliability – Provide a discussion of how you will ensure reliability in your study to include credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. o Validity – Provide a discussion of how you will ensure validity in your study to include such as bracketing, triangulation, and saturation. o Bracketing – Provide a discussion of bracketing techniques you will employ to address bias (such as anticipated themes). Refer to leading authorities regarding the proper use of qualitative research methods. o Summary of Reliability and Validity Ethical Assurances Plan o Provide a discussion of how you will ensure the protection of participants and maintain a high ethical standard in your study. For Fixed Designs: Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:  Data Collection & Organization Plan o Introductory paragraph June 08, 2022 Page 38 of 92 Liberty University School of Business   Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o Data Collection Plan – Provide an overview of what data you plan to collect and how you plan to collect the data for your research. Discuss why this is an appropriate plan for the research project. o Instruments  Surveys – Provide a discussion of any surveys to be used. Must use existing surveys with proven reliability and validity. Discuss how each question addresses the research questions. Include a copy of the survey in an appendix and refer to it. Address the reliability and validity of the survey tool and provide proof of permission to use the tool.  Archive data – Provide a discussion of any archival to be gathered. Discuss how the data addresses the research questions. Provide proof of permission to use the data. o Data Organization Plan – Provide an overview of how you plan to organize the data gathered for your research. Discuss why this is an appropriate process for the research project. o Summary of Data Collection & Organization Data Analysis Plan o Introductory paragraph o The Variables – Discuss the variables and provide a table that includes the variable type (independent, dependent, or mitigating), the data type (nominal, ordinal, or ratio/scale), and the range. o Descriptive Statistics – Discuss descriptive statistics that will be used to evaluate the quality of the data. o Hypotheses Testing  Hypotheses are proposed explanations for relationship, difference, or descriptive questions. Be sure to list all hypotheses and describe the type of question that is being addressed, the variables included, and which research question it relates to.  For each hypothesis, provide a detailed discussion of what specific test(s) will be performed and why the test is the correct one based upon the variables included and the type of question being addressed. Include any pre-tests that need to be satisfied in order to use the selected test as well as any possible post-hoc tests.  For any tests that group data using mitigating variables, discuss how the sample size is appropriate to maintain generalizability. o Hypotheses Testing Alternatives – Discuss what alternative testing you will undertake if the data does not meet the requirements for the chosen test. o Summary of Data Analysis o Use the Morgan and Leech SPSS for Introductory Statistics text and other research texts to help with this section. o Be sure that each hypothesis and variable in the study are included in this section. o Discuss how the hypotheses will individually and collectively address the research questions in the study. o Must use SPSS or equivalent quantitative analysis software package. Reliability and Validity Plan o Introductory paragraph June 08, 2022 Page 39 of 92 Liberty University School of Business  Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o Reliability – Provide a discussion of how you will ensure reliability in your study. o Validity – Provide a discussion of how you will ensure validity in your study. o Summary of Reliability and Validity Ethical Assurances Plan o Provide a discussion of how you will ensure the protection of participants and maintain a high ethical standard in your study. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Data Collection and Analysis_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 10 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 10 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 40 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 11: Section 2, The Project This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include: Chapter 3: Methodology  Introductory Paragraph  Purpose Statement  Role of the Researcher  Research Methodology  Participants  Population and Sampling  Data Collection & Organization Plan  Data Analysis Plan  Reliability and Validity Plan  Ethical Assurances Plan  Summary of Methodology Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 2_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. June 08, 2022 Page 41 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. This assignment will be reviewed for originality. June 08, 2022 Page 42 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Committee Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 2_Comm Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 – Committee Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 – Committee Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 43 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 11: Section 2, The Project – Admin Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Section 2_Admin Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 – Admin Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 11 – Admin Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 44 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 12: The Research Proposal, Proposal Defense, & IRB Submission This is a narrative assignment using the appropriate template and headings. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include: Research Proposal  Table of Contents  Table of Figures  Chapter 1: Introduction o Summary of Chapter 1 and Transition  Chapter 2: Literature Review o Summary of Chapter 2 and Transition  Chapter 3: Methodology o Summary of Chapter 3  Summary of the Research Proposal Research Proposal Presentation For Flexible Designs:    PPT of Research Project o The Problem to be studied o Research Questions (hypotheses as appropriate) o Overview of the Conceptual Framework o Design and method of the study o Population and Sampling o Data collection Plan o Data organization plan o Data analysis Plan o Reliability and Validity Plan o Ethical Assurances Plan o Appropriate citations to support choices. 45 Minute Presentation Present to Dissertation Chair & Committee Member June 08, 2022 Page 45 of 92 Liberty University School of Business  Ph.D. Dissertation Guide 15 Minute Question and Answer For Fixed Designs:     PPT of Research Project o The Problem to be studied o Research Questions o Hypotheses o Overview of the Theoretical Framework o Design and method of the study o Population and Sampling o Data collection plan o Data organization plan o Data analysis plan o Appropriate citations to support choices. 45 Minute Presentation Present to Dissertation Chair & Committee Member 15 Minute Question and Answer Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal_DDMMMYYYY.docx Your presentation will be submitted as an MS-PowerPoint .pptx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal Defense_DDMMMYYYY.pptx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 12 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 12 Resubmitted June 08, 2022 Page 46 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 988-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. The Presentation: Once all changes have been made, the Dissertation Chair will coordinate with the Committee Member to schedule a MS-Teams call for the presentation of the research proposal defense. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document and presentation have been approved and the proposal defense has been successfully completed. That will be your signal that you have successfully completed BUSI 988 and you are eligible to submit your IRB package for review and approval. Go to Liberty University IRB webpage and follow their procedure making sure to list your Dissertation Chair as your research supervisor. June 08, 2022 Page 47 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide BUSI 989, Dissertation III Task 1: Bullet Point Outline To establish your baseline in the Dissertation, you will be submitting your latest approved Bullet Point Outline. Keep in mind that any changes to this foundational document will need to be approved by your Dissertation Chair. This document must represent the current state of your research project. You will submit your approved BUSI 987, Task 1: Bullet Point Outline Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Bullet Point Outline_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 1 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is posted and checked. June 08, 2022 Page 48 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval To establish your baseline in the Dissertation, you will submit your approved Task 12: The Research Proposal from BUSI 988. You cannot change this foundational document without approval from your Dissertation Chair. Any changes to the previously approved Section 1 and Section 2 documents, specifically related to the problem statement, research questions, methodology, participants, sample, data collection, data analysis, reliability, and validity must be reviewed and approved by your Dissertation Chair and LUPhD Administration. You must attach your IRB approval document to complete this task. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal_DDMMMYYYY.docx Your presentation will be submitted as an MS-PowerPoint .pptx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal Defenses_DDMMMYYYY.pptx Your IRB approval document will be submitted as a .pdf document with the following title format: Lastname_IRB Approval_DDMMMYYYY.pdf Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 12 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is posted and checked. June 08, 2022 Page 49 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 12: The Research Proposal w/IRB Approval – Admin Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal_DDMMMYYYY.docx Your presentation will be submitted as an MS-PowerPoint .pptx with the following title format: Lastname_Research Proposal Defenses_DDMMMYYYY.pptx Your IRB approval document will be submitted as a .pdf document with the following title format: Lastname_IRB Approval_DDMMMYYYY.pdf When you submit the documents, you will include the following note along with the submission: To: PhD Administration From: [Enter Name], Doctoral Candidate Date: [Date of Submission] I certify that: I have personally completed this Dissertation Research Proposal and that this document is fully compliant with the Dissertation Guide. This Dissertation Research Proposal reflects the work previously approved by PHD Administration, and I understand that any changes to the previously approved documents listed above, specifically related to the problem statement, research questions, methodology, participants, sample, data collection, data analysis, reliability, and validity must be reviewed and approved by my Dissertation Chair and PHD Administration. I have successfully defended this Research Proposal to my Dissertation Chair and Committee Member, and my Dissertation Chair has approved this research to proceed. By making this statement and submitting this set of documents for review, I am asking for permission to begin the field study. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 12 – Admin Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for review. June 08, 2022 Page 50 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Your chair will notify [email protected] that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document and presentation have been approved. Once approved, the reviewer will indicate in the grading notes that you are approved to begin your field study and email your research chair. June 08, 2022 Page 51 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 13: Presentation of the Findings Note: Data Analysis has been moved from Chapter 3 to Chapter 4 now that the field study has been completed. In Chapter 4 you will discuss the data analysis as it was accomplished rather than how it was planned. For Flexible Designs: This should be an exhaustive discussion of no less than 30 pages for the results and no less than 40 pages overall. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include: Data Analysis  Introductory paragraph  Emergent Ideas – Discuss the process used for reading and memoing emergent ideas.  Coding Themes – Discuss the process used for describing and classifying codes into themes.  Interpretations – Discuss the process used for developing and assessing interpretations.  Data Representation – Discuss the process used for representing and visualizing the data.  Analysis for Triangulation – Provide a detailed discussion of how you conducted analysis for the triangulation of your interview data. Specifically discuss both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods.  Use leading research texts for assistance in this section such as Creswell & Poth’s Qualitative Inquiry. Must use Nvivo or equivalent qualitative analysis software package.  Summary of Data Analysis Reliability and Validity  Introductory paragraph  Reliability – Provide a discussion of how you ensured reliability in your study to include credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability.  Validity – Provide a discussion of how you ensured validity in your study to include such as bracketing, triangulation, and saturation.  Bracketing – Provide a discussion of bracketing techniques you employed to address bias (such as anticipated themes). Refer to leading authorities regarding the proper use of qualitative research methods. June 08, 2022 Page 52 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide  Summary of Reliability and Validity Ethical Assurances  Provide a discussion of how you ensured the protection of participants and maintain a high ethical standard in your study. Results  Introductory paragraph  Themes Discovered  Interpretation of the Themes  Representation and Visualization of the Data  Relationship of the Results – Provide a detailed discussion of how the findings relate to key areas from the research proposal. o The Research Questions – Discuss how the results addressed each of the research questions. o The Conceptual Framework – Discuss how the results relate to each of the elements in the research framework. o Anticipated Themes – Discuss how the results relate to the anticipated themes with a focus on any differences, unanticipated themes, or missing themes. o The Literature – Discuss how the results relate to the literature with a focus on both similarities and differences. o The Problem – Discuss how the results relate to the problem being studied.  Use appropriate research texts such as Creswell & Poth Qualitative Inquiry for assistance in developing this section.  Summary of the Results – Provide an overview of how the results addressed the problem being studied, the purpose of the research, and the research questions. Highlight key conclusions drawn from the results. For Fixed Designs: This should be an exhaustive discussion of no less than 30 pages for the results and no less than 40 pages overall. Your submission will include the following: Title Block  Last Name, First Name  Cognate  Research Paradigm  Research Design (Fixed, Flexible, Mixed Methods)  Research Method  Topic The body of the document will include:  Data Analysis o Introductory paragraph June 08, 2022 Page 53 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o The Variables – Discuss the variables and provide a table that includes the variable type (independent, dependent, or mitigating), the data type (nominal, ordinal, or ratio/scale), and the range. o Descriptive Statistics – Provide an overview of the descriptive statistics that were used to evaluate the quality of the data. o Hypotheses  Hypotheses are proposed explanations for relationship, difference, or descriptive questions. Be sure to list all hypotheses and describe the type of question that is being addressed, the variables included, and which research question it relates to.  For each hypothesis, provide a overview of the specific test(s) that were performed and why the test is the correct one based upon the variables included and the type of question being addressed. Include any pre-tests that were conducted in order to use the selected test as well as any post-hoc tests.  For any tests that group data using mitigating variables, discuss how the sample size is appropriate to maintain generalizability. o Summary of Data Analysis o Use the Morgan and Leech SPSS for Introductory Statistics text and other research texts to help with this section. o Be sure that each hypothesis and variable in the study are included in this section. o Discuss how the hypotheses will individually and collectively address the research questions in the study. o Must use SPSS or equivalent quantitative analysis software package.  Reliability and Validity o Introductory paragraph o Reliability – Provide a discussion of how you ensured reliability in your study. o Validity – Provide a discussion of how you ensured validity in your study. o Summary of Reliability and Validity  Ethical Assurances o Provide a discussion of how you ensured the protection of participants and maintain a high ethical standard in your study. Results  Introductory paragraph  Descriptive Statistics – Discuss descriptive statistics (pre-tests) performed and the results.  Hypotheses Testing. o Fully discuss why the data is appropriate for the test conducted based upon the pretests performed. Discuss if and why an alternative test was required. Hypotheses are proposed explanations for relationship questions, difference questions, or descriptive questions. o Fully discuss the test that was conducted and include appropriate post-hoc tests, appropriate data tables, appropriate graphs, and an interpretation of the output. Place all detailed analysis tables and graphs in an appendix. o Calculate and discuss the probability of a Type I and Type II error. (Now use GPower or equivalent). o Use the Morgan and Leech SPSS text to guide you with this section. June 08, 2022 Page 54 of 92 Liberty University School of Business   Ph.D. Dissertation Guide o Summary of Hypotheses Testing – Write a summary paragraph with the results of the test conducted. Relationship of the Results o The Research Questions – Discuss how the results addressed each of the research questions. o The Theoretical Framework – Discuss how the results relate to each of the elements in the theoretical framework. o The Literature – Discuss how the results relate to the literature with a focus on both similarities and differences. o The Problem – Discuss how the results relate to the problem being studied. Summary of the Results Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Findings_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 13 Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Once your document is reviewed by your chair, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 13 Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your chair will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving your email. Your Dissertation Chair will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 55 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Committee Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Word .docx with the following title format: Lastname_Findings_Comm Review_DDMMMYYYY.docx Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the submission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 13 – Committee Review Submitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. Once your document is reviewed, any comments received will be collected by you in a Change Matrix document. As the comments are addressed, a brief description of the changes made will be added to the Change Matrix document for review by the chair. Once you have made the necessary revisions and your chair has approved them, resubmit the document using the same format described above along with the Change Matrix. Send an email to your Dissertation Chair indicating that the resubmission was made. Include the following in your email: Last Name, First Name Task 13 – Committee Review Resubmitted Course and Section (i.e. BUSI 989-A01) Your chair will notify your committee member that your document is ready for another review. The reviewer will provide comments in Canvas within six days of receiving the email from your Dissertation Chair. The reviewer will post a ‘1’ in Canvas once the document is approved. That will be your signal to submit the next task. June 08, 2022 Page 56 of 92 Liberty University School of Business Ph.D. Dissertation Guide Task 13: Presentation of the Findings – Admin Review Follow the instructions from the previous assignment. Your document will be submitted as an MS-Wor…

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