Electrostatics Stimulation
Activity 1 To answer the questions in this activity, you will have to use the PhET simulation Balloons and Static Electricity developed at the University of Colorado at Boulder. The URL for the simulation is https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/balloons-and-static-electricity You can either run it online or download the simulation onto your computer. When you click the simulation link, a new window will load. Make sure that “Show all Charges” is selected, only one balloon shows in the window, and the wall is present. I. Uncharged Balloon A: (3 points) Place the balloon very near (but not touching) the wall. 1. Does the balloon move, if so which way? 2. Do the charges move inside either object or from one object to the other? If so, describe. B: (3 points) Place the balloon very near (but not touching) the gray sweater 1. Does the balloon move, if so which way? 2. Do the charges move inside either object or from one object to the other? If so, describe. II: Charged Balloon 3 A: (6 points) Make sure that “Show all Charges” is selected. Move the balloon over the entire sweater. This simulates the action of rubbing the balloon on the sweater. Now, use the cursor and move the balloon away from the sweater. 1. Explain what happens when you let go of the balloon. Use the word attract, repel or nothing in your response. 2. Based on the charges shown on each object can you deduce what type of charge moved from one object to the other? How is each object charged after they were rubbed against each other? 3. Place the balloon very near (but not touching) the wall. Explain why the balloon behaves as it does when you release it. Describe what is happening in the wall. Which one of the basic properties of charged objects listed on page 1 (bulleted list) best explains what is happening to charges in the wall? 4 Activity 2 The experiments in this activity will help you further investigate the properties of electric charge. Conduct the experiments with care, repeating each one till you are confident that your observations are accurate and consistent. Carefully note down the observations in the space provided. You will need some ordinary Scotch Magic tape and some common materials to complete this activity. I: Take a piece of Scotch Magic tape two or three inches long. One end of the tape should be folded over to provide a handle that does not stick to your fingers. A: (3 points) Stick the piece of tape down on a clean, smooth, dry surface (plastic works well) and quickly pull it off. Describe your observations of what happens when you bring this tape near other objects (pen, hand etc) B: (3 points) Prepare another piece of tape similar to the first. Stick both pieces of tape to the same clean, smooth, dry surface and quickly pull them off. Glass and plastic surfaces work well, but you should also get good results from a wooden desk, lampshades etc. Describe your observations of what happens when you bring these tapes near each other. How does the interaction depend on the separation between the pieces of tape? C: (3 points) Repeat Experiment B with two more different clean, smooth, dry surfaces. List all three surfaces that you used and describe any differences that you observed. Surface 1: ___________________________ Surface 2: ___________________________ Surface 3: ___________________________ 5 II: Take two new pieces of tape. Stick one piece of tape to the back (smooth side) of the other piece and stick this combination to a clean, smooth, dry surface and slowly pull the combination off. Now quickly separate the two strips of tape. A: (3 points) Describe your observations of what happens when you bring these tapes near each other. B: (3 points) Prepare two tapes as you did in the previous experiment, IIA. Stick one end of each of these tapes to some convenient non-metallic support, e.g. the wooden edge of your desk. Make sure that each tape is long enough that it hangs off the end of the support. Now, prepare a third piece of tape, just like you did in experiment IA. Stick the piece of tape down on a smooth, dry surface [plastic, wool etc] and quickly pull it off. Describe your observations of what happens when you bring this third piece of tape near each of the two strips that you stuck to the non-metallic support. C: (3 points) Prepare two tapes as you did in the previous experiment, IIA. Rub some common items (plastic toothbrushes, glasses, plates, PVC pipes etc.) with various materials (silk, paper towel, plastic wrap, wool, fur etc.) and bring each item near the two strips of tape. List the combinations of items and materials that you used and 6 describe your observations. Note: You may have to repeat each experiment to convince yourself that your results are consistent. Item Material Observations III: Answer the questions below based on all your observations in Activity 2. A: (1 points) Do the two pieces of tape which were pulled off of the same surface always attract, always repel, sometimes attract, or sometimes repel? Briefly explain. B: (1 points) Do the two pieces of tape which were pulled off of different surfaces always attract, always repel, sometimes attract, or sometimes repel? Briefly explain. C: (2 points) Do the two pieces of tape which were pulled off of each other always attract, always repel, sometimes attract, or sometimes repel? Briefly explain. 7 D: (2 points) When you brought an additional rubbed object near to the two pieces of tape which were separated from each other and hung on a non-metallic support, did the object attract both tapes or only one? Did it repel both or only one? Briefly explain. E: (2 points) Suppose that the rubbed object from part four was observed to attract both pieces of hanging tape. What should you conclude about the state of electric charge of this object? Explain. F: (2 points) Briefly describe how the interaction between any pair of tapes you used in experiment IA varies with the separation between the tapes. 8
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