Biology Question
Unit 1 Assessment Part B: Essays
All Essays are to be typed and submitted in either MS Word or PDF format.
One file containing both essays is preferred, but separate files per question acceptable.
Grading Criteria: See PDF File: Grading Criteria. Include reference page for each essay
Essay 1: Irreducible complexity is the idea that biological systems with multiple interacting parts that cannot function with the loss of a single part could not have evolved via natural selection as proposed by Charles Darwin and Russel Wallace. Utilizing the idea of irreducible complexity, the complexity of the ‘camera like’ eye of mammals where the removal of a single component makes it dysfunctional, could not have evolved by natural selection, yet we can trace the complexity of the mammalian eye back to simple, light detection cells, supporting evolution by natural selection.
In an original, well researched and organized essay (of appropriate academic level: 3000 level University) demonstrate your understanding of evolution by natural selection by making an argument refuting the supposition that irreducible complexity of the mammalian eye/vision does not support Darwin/Wallace’s theory of evolution by natural selection. If a single component of the mammalian eye is removed, the eye no longer functions as designed.
Answer One of the Following:
Essay 2a: Characteristics that influence the evolution of a population include rate of mutations, generation time/fecundity and population size.
In an original, well researched and organized essay (of appropriate academic level: 3000 level University) demonstrate your understanding of the roles these 3 characteristics play in evolution by natural selection. Compare and contrast the evolution by natural selection of a large population exhibiting high mutation rates and short generation times with that of a small population exhibiting low mutation rates and long generation times. Support your argument with an example of each population described.
Essay 2b: It has been projected, as a result of climate change, we are amidst the 6th Mass Extinction of species on Earth. Projections of temperature increases of 5.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels at present rate of increase would likely result in mass extinction even without other, non-climatic anthropogenic impacts (Song, etal 2021).
In an original, well researched and organized essay (of appropriate academic level: 3000 level University) demonstrate your understand of how mutation rates, generation time/fecundity and population size will influence species extinction rates in light of climate change. Which combination of traits will be most beneficial? Why? Which combination of traits would be the least beneficial. Why? Support your essay with examples.
Thresholds of temperature change for mass extinctions. Song etal: 2021 Nature communications
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-25019-2
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