Module 7: Physical, Cognitive, and Psychosocial
Changes in Late Adulthood and End of life
PSYC 283
Human development
Objectives
Explain the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes in late adulthood.
Analyze the biological, social, cultural, historical, religious, legal, psychological, developmental, medical, and ethical aspects that converge in death.
Define the different forms of assisted dying.
Introduction
Primary aging is a gradual and inevitable process of bodily deterioration that begins at a young age and continues over the years, no matter what people do to postpone it.
Secondary aging results from disease, abuse, and inactivity, factors that can often be controlled by the individual (Busse, 1987; J.C. Horn and Meer, 1987).
These two philosophies of aging can be compared to the well-known debate between nature and nurture and, as always, the truth lies somewhere in between.
Introduction
Death is an important chapter of human development. People change in response to death and agony, whether their own or that of a loved one.
Even without suffering from an identifiable disease, around the age of 100, near the current limit of the human life cycle, people tend to experience functional impairments, lose interest in eating and drinking, and die naturally.
Death is a biological fact, but it also includes social, cultural, historical, religious, legal, psychological, developmental, medical and ethical aspects.
Although death and loss are universal experiences, they have a cultural and historical context.
Cultural and religious attitudes toward death and the dying influence the way individuals deal with their own death.
End of life
People often suffer cognitive and functional impairments shortly before death.
Some who are close to dying have “near-death” experiences that may result
from physiological changes.
Elisabeth Kübler-Ross proposed five stages to face death:
Negation Wrath Negotiation Depression Acceptance
These stages and their sequence are not universal.
End of life
Euthanasia and assisted suicide are linked to controversial ethical, medical and legal issues.
Passive euthanasia- Retention or discontinuation deliberate treatment that prolongs the life of a
terminally ill person to end their suffering or allow them to die with dignity.
Active euthanasia- Deliberate action to shorten the
life of a person suffering from a terminal illness with the aim of ending his suffering or allowing him to die with dignity; it is also known as compassion murder.
Advance directives (will in life)- A document that specifies the type of care the person wants in the event of a terminal or disabling illness.
Attorney’s Durable Power- Legal instrument designating an individual to make decisions in the event that the power of attorney is unable to do so.
Assisted suicide- Option in which a doctor or someone else helps the person end their life.
End of life
Finding meaning and purpose in life and death.
The more meaning and purpose people find in their lives, the less they tend to fear death.
Recapitulation of life helps people prepare for death and gives them one last chance to complete unfinished tasks. Even the process of dying can be a developmental experience.
¡Congratulations you have completed the theoretical
summary of this week’s topic!
Actively participate in collaborative sessions.
Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:
Review as many times as you require the information contained in the modules folder
(includes this presentation).
Read the reference material to clarify doubts.
Develop all activities as stated in the instructions.
Submit assignments on the date indicated through the educational platform.
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