Biologic Foundations case study
Biologic Foundations case study
Suzel Rodriguez Ravento
Introduction
The solving of extremely complicated and convoluted brain structures and their mysterious functioning, which have been one of the basic issues of neuroscience research for a very long time, has been one of the main areas of neuroscience study. In the course of any scientific improvement, every new discovery brings one more piece of the puzzle that sheds light on the mystery of the mind and behavior. Dr. Carol Tamminga’s studies are remarkable as she explores the deep-rooted neurobiology of psychosis, a medical mystery that has perplexed the medical community and researchers alike for many years now. Her innovative work contradicts traditional views of psychotic disorders by redefining the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders on a new level.
Explanation of the Case: Discovering Neurobiology for Psychosis
Dr. Tamminga’s talk starts exploring the neurobiological foundations of psychosis and gets in the depth of the pathology of schizophrenia. She mentions the Bipolar and Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) study, in which they endeavored to trace biomarkers of psychosis beyond the typical psychiatric diagnoses (UCSF Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2021). The study reports the presence of three kinds of biotypes: cognitive, sensory, and neuroimaging biotypes, which are unique in their own traits and perspectives for specific and effective treatment. Moreover, the other point she makes, which is significant, is the hippocampus and its link with psychosis. She observed increased synaptic connections and hyperactivity in the particular hippocampal subfields (CA3) related to psychotic symptoms, which illustrates the possible triggering mechanisms of the development of psychotic symptoms (UCSF Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2021). Besides, she notes that biomarkers come in handy in identifying patients who should be administered clozapine or kynurenic acid modulators.
Impact on Medication Prescribing
The findings presented by Dr Tamminga have a great impact on selecting medicines for psychotic patients. Knowing the neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychosis can help design more specific treatments that target personalized treatment. At first, the identification of different biotypes implies the fact that a one-size-fits-all strategy might not be effective. Individuals with the same diagnostic category might have different underlying neurobiological compositions, which in turn demand personalized treatment plans. The use of biomarker testing can allow PMHNPs and others to assess patients in a variety of ways, including the ability to target specific medications at the patient’s biotype. On the other hand, the research on hippocampal hyperactivity and the way in which medications function led to the understanding of some mechanisms. For example, clozapine is distinguished by its ability to elevate intrinsic EEG activity and even normalize hippocampal function. This might be beneficial when choosing clozapine in cases when certain biotypes are characterized by hippocampal hyperactivity. A possible intervention that PMHNPs could explore would be to draw up a treatment protocol whereby they prioritize clozapine for this kind of patient and, in all probability, achieve the desired results.
Example Situation: Medication Action Awareness
Think of a patient who just complained of auditory hallucinations and delusional beliefs as a typical symptom of psychosis disorder. Based on the research undertaken by Dr Tamminga, the PMHNP would need to be able to differentiate the medication’s activity on various neurotransmitter systems and the brain region contributing to psychosis. For instance, if the patient is of a biotype that is extremely sensitive to the hippocampus, the PMHNP may focus on providing clozapine because of its precision and ability to regulate and normalize the hypoactive state of the hippocampus. However, the PMHNP should be careful of clozapine’s possible side effects like agranulocytosis, metabolic problems, and seizure risk. Then, the pros and cons should be weighed. Nevertheless, if the person has one of the biotypes that are linked to high kynurenic levels, the PMHNP may recommend that he or she participate in the trial detecting the effectiveness of the medication which is concerned with kynurenic acid that was mentioned by Dr. Tamminga (Bednarz et al., 2024). The PMHNP should be well-acquainted with the medication’s mechanism of action, side effects, and the need for cautious monitoring during the trial. Having knowledge of the neurobiology of schizophrenia and the pharmacokinetics of certain drugs lets PMHNPs be aware of the problem to the maximum and choose medicines with minimal side effects affectivity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is evident that the works of Dr. Carol Tamminga are one of those instances that have helped in our understanding of the complex phenomena of psychosis. She can be considered proof of the success of scientific research that stands any old view on its head and opens up a new world of knowledge that can turn psychiatric care upside-down. We can gain a new insight into the nature of psychosis if the psychiatrist Dr Tamminga’s findings take hold. This aspiration suggests that we should pay special attention to this field in order to open the door to a new era in which those who are fighting psychosis are provided with the most comprehensive and versatile programs of treatment that consist of the combination of biological, genetic, and environmental factors.
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