Description The exam will be open-book. There are two category of essay questions: Section A include two question and you will choose one

Description

The exam will be open-book.

There are two category of essay questions: Section A include two question and you will choose one of them. Section B includes four questions and you will choose three of them.

You should type at least 250 words in length response for each question and use at least three citation for each. If you use citations from other than the textbook, you should add them to the reference list according to the APA style (7th edition). Also, provide web site address if the source is web based.

Do not use any direct quote, except for some key and fundamental words.

The exam time is 240 minutes.

The exam should be taken by Sunday at 11:59 pm. When you start the exam, you should complete it within 240 minutes.

It is important that you should type the question and place your response under that question. I should know your answer belongs to which question.

Textbook: Jennifer M. Allen Rajeev Sawhney. 2019. Administration and Management in Criminal Justice (3rd Edition): Sage Publications (ISBN: 9781506361529).

Question

Section A (Choose one of them)

Explain the five needs in Maslow’s needs hierarchy, and identify how they compare with the three needs in Alderfer’s ERG theory and the three needs in McClelland’s theory.

Why are the perceptions important in equity theory? What are the problems in implementing this theory in criminal justice services? if you were an employee in a criminal justice field, what sort of equity would you want? How would equity theory apply to criminal justice officers?

Section B (Choose three of them)

Think of an organization in which you are involved. Can you identify a manager in the organization? Can you identify a leader in the organization? Are these two separate individuals? What qualities do each possess that differentiate them from one another?

Choose a criminal justice agency/component (law enforcement, court, and corrections etc.,) and describe how the principles of the bureaucratic model apply to this component

Provide an example of a symptom-based approach in treatment of offenders in criminal justice. Provide an example of a cause-based approach in treatment of offenders. Which approach would you use and why?

What is the difference between people-focused conflicts and issue-focused conflicts? Give an example of each of these in a criminal justice agency.