policy 5-1 responce to nicholas
In 2023 President Biden signed an executive order that established the very first standards for artificial intelligence in healthcare. We’ve all seen the great leaps A.I. has made in just the past few years, and its evolution will continue to accelerate at greater speeds in the coming years. Advancements in artificial intelligence, if constructed ethically and with patient safety in mind, have the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered today. “The Executive Order establishes new standards for AI safety and security, protects Americans’ privacy, advances equity and civil rights, stands up for consumers and workers, promotes innovation and competition, advances American leadership around the world, and more” (The United States Government, 2023). Biden’s executive order isn’t necessarily changing anything within hospitals in this very moment (as A.I. is just now being introduced and tested in healthcare environments), but I will discuss some ways in which artificial intelligence will most certainly be utilized in the delivery of care in the very near future. First and foremost, A.I. has the potential to make it very easy to extract and exploit personal patient data if used irresponsibly and without the proper safeguards in place. A.I. needs this sensitive data to “think” and make decisions. These new regulations place emphasis on congress to pass bipartisan privacy legislation to keep Americans safe. This means strengthening privacy research, technology (I.e. cryptographic tools) and guidelines to evaluate their effectiveness once implemented. Ensuring patient safety through eliminating any potential bias by A.I. is imperative when these technologies are rolled out in hospitals across the country. Biden’s executive order also established clear guidelines that will aid algorithmic artificial intelligence programs from discrimination in federal programs (I.e. Medicare and Medicaid). These regulations will play into how artificial intelligence computes and executes tasks both within the hospital in specific clinical situations and outside of the hospital with insurance coverage related decisions, ultimately (and hopefully) positively affecting patient safety and outcomes.
There are a ton of ethical dilemmas associated with A.I. in not only healthcare, but essentially every work sector in the country. Within healthcare specifically, A.I. does have the potential to reduce clinician workload, reducing the mental and physical stress of nurses, physicians, therapists and technologists alike. Some examples include, but are not limited to, the current use of A.I. interpreting mammograms, detecting skin conditions, or writing nursing care plans upon patient admissions (Choudhury, 2020, p. 36-37). This doesn’t mean that it isn’t without its own ethical dilemmas. I discussed a few in the prior section, such as the potential for artificial intelligence to formulate biases when it comes to federal programs such as Medicare and Medicaid, or exploit sensitive personal data collected through patient assessments, blood tests, certain screenings, hospital admissions, etc. I think one of the largest ethical dilemmas to exist surrounding artificial intelligence is its potential to completely take over certain jobs. NVDIA, an artificial intelligence company, has been developing low cost virtual A.I. nurses in several areas including pre-op services, discharges, chronic conditions, nutrition, remote patient monitoring and health risk assessments (Pugachevsky, 2024, p. 1). According to the article, patients will even have the decision to choose a more direct A.I. nurse or engaging nurse (Pugachevsky, 2024, p. 1). I think a way to potentially approach this dilemma is implement artificial intelligence in certain areas that are contributing to burnout and low retention rates of healthcare personnel. Artificial intelligence should be used as a tool and not a cheap alternative to actual human labor. It’s unclear how it will affect our jobs in the future, but my hope is that A.I. will aid in to create a great renaissance in nursing, ending this exodus that we’ve been experiencing since the pandemic.
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