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Nursing has made significant strides over the years with the incorporation of big data into its practices and continuing evolvement. There has been an undeniable shift toward electronics with continuous advancements in the quality and complexity of the clinical data available. There is an increasing availability of electronic records with the use of internet, cellphones, wearable devices, etc. Big data refers to the large complex data set that yields more results as opposed to analyzing smaller data sets to yield their outputs or simply more advanced analytical methods (Thew, 2016). It is the responsibility of the healthcare organization to be able to take this collective data, understand how it interacts within the healthcare system and synthesize it into meaningful use for the institution. Emphasis is being placed on helping these organizations to understand the impact that seeking better big analytic strategies has on their managerial, economic and strategic informed decisions (Wang, Kung & Byrd, 2018).

    The use of big data within the healthcare system has both its benefits and disadvantages. Some of the major benefit of using big data include clinical decision support, disease surveillance, population health management, adverse events monitoring, and treatment optimization for diseases affecting multiple organ systems (Abouelmehdi et al., 2017). One of these listed examples, disease surveillance, is currently at the forefront of research after the current epidemic. Before big data, reporting systems were unable to pinpoint location of origin or higher disease prevalence. Reporting was also slow and expensive to operate. With big data’s emergence, there is a huge advancement in the ability to trace emerging or reemerging infections by means of big data streaming via EHR, patient records, other digital sources like social media, cellphones and remote sensing (Bansal et al., 2016). Big data can also be helpful in terms of disease surveillance by being able to track transmission routes, as well as results of vaccines and medications.

    A major disadvantage to the use of big data is the ongoing threat to privacy and data security. This also puts a huge constraint on the capabilities that big data has that limit its full potential in the healthcare field. Cyber hacking exists across all platforms, but the healthcare industry is one of the most susceptible to publicly disclosed data breaches via data mining methods (Abouelmehdi et al., 2017). There are many approaches that the healthcare system can take to attain security that can prove to be highly effective. Data security solutions must be implemented that will protect important data while also meeting compliance authorizations and standards. Technologies that are most commonly in use for the security of healthcare data are authentication, data encryption, data masking, and access control (Bansal et al., 2016). Security breaches will undoubtedly always pose a threat, so the healthcare system and its security must continue to evolve as the use of big data in healthcare continues to grow.