Five Principles of Ethical Leadership
The chapter outlines three different approaches to assessing consequences—ethical egoism, utilitarianism, and altruism. a. Which of these approaches do you feel most accurately summarizes Captain Brett Crozier’s approach? Why?
b. Which of these do you feel most accurately summarizes Acting Secretary Thomas Modly’s approach? Why?
c. Which approach applies to Rear Admiral Stuart Baker?
4. The chapter outlines five Principles of Ethical Leadership. Which of these principles applied to Captain Brett Crozier’s leadership? Which principles applied to Thomas Modly’s leadership?
CASE STUDY READ
Act 1—The Virus
It was believed to have begun on March 5, 2020, with the Vietnamese port call of the U.S. naval aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt. The port call in Da Nang, only the second visit by an American aircraft carrier to the country since the Vietnam War, was ordered partly as a show of military strength in a region threatened by perceived growing territorialism by China in the South China Sea.
At the time the Roosevelt arrived there, Vietnam had 16 reported cases of the highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19), but they were all in the country’s northern region, far from the ship’s port of call. Because the Roosevelt, commanded by Captain Brett Crozier, a Naval Academy graduate with more than 30 years of service, was too large for the city’s docks, the ship anchored offshore and relied on small boats to ferry its sailors to Da Nang, where they spent several days within the city, frequenting its restaurants, shops, and hotels and engaging in community service projects. On the fourth day, several crew members were ordered back to the ship when it was feared they may have been exposed to COVID-19 at a hotel where two British nationals who had tested positive for the virus had also been staying.
The Roosevelt then left port and headed out to sea, returning to normal operations with aircraft flying to and from the ship bringing supplies from Japan and the Philippines. Meanwhile, the ship’s medical team watched the crew closely for signs of the virus, knowing that symptoms generally appear within the first 14 days after exposure.
On March 24, an announcement came over the ship’s loudspeakers: “Set River City 1.” This alerted the sailors that the ship had entered into a period of restricted communications, meaning no internet or phone calls for most everyone onboard. The reason why, the crew soon discovered, was that three sailors aboard the Roosevelt had tested positive for COVID-19. Within 24 hours, the number of cases on the ship doubled and each subsequent day rendered new cases (Simkins, 2020).
The Roosevelt, a massive 1,000-foot nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, is essentially a small city. It housed almost 5,000 crew members, all living and working in extremely tight quarters. Crew members shared common cafeterias, bathroom facilities, other social areas, and narrow hallways. They worked in close proximity to one another day and night. Even their sleeping quarters were close with bunks often stacked three high.
The sailors who tested positive were all members of the reactor crew, the group responsible for running the core of the ship. They were flown to a Navy hospital in Guam, with the ship following a few days later, docking there to begin testing of the entire crew and engage in professional cleaning of the ship.
Just a few months earlier, the Diamond Princess, a cruise ship of 2,600 passengers housed in individual cabins, had eight of its passengers die of the virus while aboard with more than 700 others infected. Captain Crozier knew the Roosevelt, with its tight quarters and significantly larger crew, had the potential to be much worse than the Diamond Princess; the Roosevelt’s doctors were estimating that more than 50 crew members could potentially die from the virus (Gibbons-Neff, Schmitt, Cooper, & Ismay, 2020).
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